RRB Junior Translator Mock Test - 5 - RRB NTPC/ASM/CA/TA MCQ

Spoofing:

1. Spoofing is the act of disguising a communication from an unknown source as being from a known, trusted source.
2. Spoofing can apply to emails, phone calls, and websites , or can be more technical, such as a computer spoofing an IP address, Address Resolution Protocol (ARP), or Domain Name System (DNS) server.
3. Spoofing can be used to gain access to a target’s personal information, spread malware through infected links or attachments, bypass network access controls, or redistribute traffic to conduct a denial-of-service attack.
4. Spoofing is often the way a bad actor gains access in order to execute a larger cyber attack such as an advanced persistent threat or a man-in-the-middle attack.

Additional Informaion

1. Sniffing:

• Sniffing is the process of monitoring and capturing all data packets that are passing through a computer network using packet sniffers.
• Packet Sniffers are used by network administrators to keep track of data traffic passing through their network.
• These are called network protocol analyzers.
• In the same way, malicious attackers employ the use of these packet sniffing tools to capture data packets in a network.

2. Back Doors:

• In the world of cybersecurity, a backdoor refers to any method by which authorized and unauthorized users are able to get around normal security measures and gain high-level user access (aka root access) on a computer system , network, or software application.
• Once they're in, cybercriminals can use a backdoor to steal personal and financial data, install additional malware, and hijack devices.

3. War Dialing:

• War dialing refers to the use of various kinds of technology to automatically dial many phone numbers, usually in order to find weak spots in an IT security architecture.
• Hackers often use war dialing software, sometimes called "war dialers" or "demon dialers," to look for unprotected modems.

• Amir Khusrau was a prolific classical poet associated with the royal courts of emperors.
• He was a Sufi musician, poet and scholar from India around the 13th century.
• He is also called  “father of qawwali” and is credited with the creation of qawwali form.
• He became a disciple of Sufi Saint  Nizamuddin Auliya.
• He also brought into circulation the two specific musical genres of  'Tarana' and  'Kaul', which complemented the prevalent array of musical forms.
• Alaudin khilji appreciated poetry and invited many poets to his courts but khusro was honoured and respected in his court and given the title” Amir”.

The famous poet Amir Khusrau composed poetry in Urdu.

The correct answer is President .

 Key Points

• Supreme Court provisions are mentioned in Part V of the constitution under Article 124 to 147.
• The Judges of the Supreme court are appointed by President. The CJI is appointed by President  after consultation with such judges of SC and HC as he deems necessary.
• Qualification of SC Judges-
  • He should be a citizen of India
  • He should have been a judge of HC for five years, or He should have been an advocate of an HC for 10 years or He should be a distinguished jurist in the opinion of the President.
• He can be removed from his office by President on the recommendation of Parliament.

  Important Points

• Article 124 - Establishment and Constitution of SC
• Article 126 -Acting Chief Justice
• Article 127 -Ad Hoc Judges
• Article129 - SC to be a court of record
• Article 147 - Interpretation of Constitution

The correct answer is the Founding of The Indian National Congress.

• The establishment of the Indian National Congress happened during the viceroyalty of Lord Dufferin.
  • Indian National Congress was established in 1885 .
  • The first session of INC was held at Gokuldas Tejpal Sanskriti College in Bombay .
  • First President was W.C. Banarjee .

Key Points

• Lord Dufferin was Viceroy of India from 1884 - 1888.
• Important events during his viceroyalty include:
  • 3rd Burmese War, 1885 - In this war upper and lower Burma were annexed.
  • Establishment of Indian National Congress in 1885.

Additional Information

• Ram Krishna Mission was established in 1897  at Bellur .
• Muslim League was founded in 1906 in Dhaka .
• The first synchronous census of India was done in 1881 .

The pattern followed here is:

(2 × 3) + 5 + 7 = 18

(4 × 2) + 5 + 9 = 22

Similarly,

(3 × 6) + 8 + 3 = 29

Hence, “29” is the correct answer.

There is a total of five numbers which are immediately followed by a symbol and immediately preceded by a letter (written in bold), as shown below:

4 3 M K # 9 I N M P 2 @ R R $ 7 T E @ # 3 P K 7 % 8 T 2 5 Y $ # 6 J

Hence, '5' is the correct alternative.

• When an object (ball) is thrown upwards its velocity will decrease as it goes upward due to deceleration by gravity.
• So its kinetic energy will decrease as it moves upward. But its potential energy will increase as it moves upward.
• Kinetic energy is zero and potential energy is maximum when the object reaches the topmost point.
• Kinetic energy is maximum just before striking the ground.

Key Points
Supersonic:

• It is the speed of an object that exceeds the speed of sound.
• Supersonic describes things that can travel faster than the speed of sound.

Infrasonic: Below the audibility range.
Ultrasonic: Above the audibility range.
Audible Sound  20 Hz to 20 kHz for humans.

The correct answer is Reflection on roadway.

• Diffuse reflection is the reflection of light from a surface where an incident ray is reflected at many angles.
• For the diffuse reflection, everything we see around us is visible.
• Examples of diffuse reflections are bicycle reflectors, clothing, paper.

Key Points

• Two types of reflection: diffuse reflection and specular reflection .
• Specular reflection is defined as light reflected from a smooth surface at a definite angle or in a single direction.
  Examples, reflection on the mirror, still water, etc.
• The law of reflection states that when a ray of light reflects off a surface, the angle of incidence is equal to the angle of reflection.

Given,
Side of cube = 12 cm
Dimensions of Cuboid = 20 × 12 × 12
Then,
Volume of new formed long bar
= Volume of cube + Volume of cuboid
= 12³ + 20 × 12 × 12
= 4608 cubic. cm

Draw BE // AC

Then, CE = AB = 1.6 m,

 BE = AC = DE/tan30

⇒ DE = tan30 x 20√3

⇒ DE = (1/√3) × 20√3

⇒ DE = 20

 So, CD = CE + DE

⇒ CD = (1.6 + 20) m

⇒ CD = 21.6 m.

∴ The heights of the tower is 21.6 m.

उपरोक्त विकल्पों में 'घर 'का पर्यायवाची शब्द निकेतन है। अत: विकल्प निकेतन इसका सही उत्तर है। अन्य विकल्प असंगत हैं। अतः स्पष्ट है कि निकेतन सटीक विकल्प ह ैं।

अन्य विकल्प:

विशेष:

The correct answer is 'We can trust Rohan because he is an honest person'.
Key Points

• The indefinite article 'an' is used when a word begins with a vowel sound .
  • Example: an hour ,an M.A ,an heir, etc.
• The first letter of the word 'honest' is a consonant but it begins with a vowel sound.
• Therefore, 'an' should be used here before the word 'honest'.
• Hence,  option 3) is the correct sentence.

Additional Information
An article is a word that is usually written before a  noun. It defines the noun as specific or non specific .

• The words 'a', 'an' and 'the' are articles .
• The  articles  are divided into two types: Definite and Indefinite .
• Definite article: 'The' is a definite article that is used to refer to a specific  object.
  • Example: I will buy the dress .
• Indefinite article: 'A' and 'an' are indefinite articles and used to refer to a 'non specific' object.
  • Example: It is a book.
    This is an apple .

उपरोक्त विकल्पों में 'दाँत ‘का पर्यायवाची शब्द दशन है। अत: विकल्प दशन इसका सही उत्तर है। अन्य विकल्प असंगत हैं। अतः स्पष्ट है कि दशन सटीक विकल्प हैं।

अन्यविकल्प:

विशेष:

उपसर्ग यहाँ उचित विकल्प असंगत है, अन्य विकल्प असंगत हैI
प्रत्यय का विलोम शब्द उपसर्ग होता है क्योंकि प्रत्यय शब्द अंत में लगते है और उपसर्ग आदि में I

अन्य विशेष

दिए गये विकल्पों में सिर्फ एक विकल्प सही है - सुधा विदुषी है| अतः सही विकल्प सुधा विदुषी है है|
विदुषी स्त्रीलिंग शब्द है और विद्वान पुल्लिंग शब्द |

Key Points

• ‘निश्चित तिथि पर परिणाम खोला गया’ वाक्य का सही अनुवाद On due date, the draw was opened है,
• यहाँ वाक्य में निश्चित तिथि’ है, इसका सही अनुवाद “due date” है। 

अन्य विकल्प

The correct answer is जॉर्ज आशावादी थे और हमेशा हर परिस्थिति में सर्वश्रेष्ठ देखते थे।
Key Points
Simplified meaning of the given sentence:Jorge was hopeful and sees the positive side in every situation.
Optimistic:  आशावादी
Best:  श्रेष्ठ
Every:  प्रत्येक

‘अप’ उपसर्ग से बना शब्द अपमान है (अप + मान) । अतः सही उत्तर अपमान होगा।

अन्य विकल्प

विशेष:
उपसर्ग - वह शब्दांश या अव्यय , जो किसी शब्द के आरंभ में जुड़कर मूल शब्द के अर्थ में विशेषता ला दे या उसका अर्थ ही बदल दे। जैसे – अ + छूता = अछूता , कु + चैला = कुचैला इत्यादि।

1. संस्कृत के उपसर्ग
2. हिंदी के उपसर्ग
3. उर्दू के उपसर्ग
4. अंग्रेजी के उपसर्ग

Key Points

• The given sentence is in the Active voice form , hence we need to convert it into Passive voice form
• In the given sentence the subject is 'The driver' and the object is 'the car' so for making the passive form of this sentence we need to exchange their places of object and subject.
• We need to follow these instructions while changing the active voice into passive voice
• The preposition 'by' will commence the sentence 
• The objective case 'the car' will use as a subject and it will take a singular verb 
• The subjective case 'the driver' will use as an object 
• If in the given question which is in a form of 'past indefinite' we follow this structure
  • Active form: Sub + V2 + obj
  • Passive form: obj + was/were + V3 + by + sub
  • let's see the example:
    • Active: Reema cleaned the floor.
    • Passive: The floor was cleaned by Reema.
• So following these steps we finally get

The correct sentence is-  The car was parked safely by the driver.
Additional Information

जननी, मात, अम्बा ये सभी माता के समानार्थी हैं। ज्योति शब्द माता का समानार्थी नहीं हैं।
अत: विकल्प 4 सही उत्तर होगा।
ज्योति के समानार्थी- प्रकाश, उजाला, प्रभाव। 
विशेष:

वामन , नाटा का पर्यायवाची शब्द है, अन्य विकल्प असंगत हैं।

वे शब्द जो लिखने में भिन्न प्रतीत होते है परन्तु उनका अर्थ सदैव समान रहता है, ऐसे शब्दों को पर्यायवाची शब्द कहते है| पर्यायवाची शब्दों को समानार्थी शब्द भी कहते है|

उदाहरण- वामन - नाटा , बौना , ठिगना आदि |

विशेष

Key Points

• The meaning of the word 'Disagree' is 'fail to agree' or 'be against'. Here, the prefix 'dis' is added to the root word 'agree' which means ' to be of the same mind or opinion '.
• The meaning of the word 'Disown' is 'to reject or refuse to accept any relation or connection with'. In order to form this word, the prefix 'dis' is added to the root word 'own' which means 'to possess' or 'be the owner of'.
• The word 'distance' means 'the space between two points' and it is a root word by itself.

Therefore, the word 'Distance' does not have the prefix 'dis'. Hence, option 3) is the answer.

अतिरिक्त जानकारी
A  root word  is a word part that can form the basis of new words through the inclusion of prefixes and suffixes. 
हिन्दी

• 'Disagree 'शब्द का अर्थ'  सहमत होने में विफल  'या'  विरुद्ध होना  'है। यहाँ, prefix 'dis' को मूल शब्द 'agree' से जोड़ा जाता है जिसका अर्थ है 'एक ही राय का होना'।
• ' Disown ' शब्द का अर्थ 'किसी भी संबंध या संबंध को स्वीकार करने से इंकार या अस्वीकार' करना है। इस शब्द को बनाने के लिए, prefix 'dis' को मूल शब्द 'own' में जोड़ा जाता है जिसका अर्थ है 'पास  'या'  का मालिक होना'।
• ' Distance ' शब्द का अर्थ है 'दो बिंदुओं के बीच का स्थान' और यह अपने आप में एक मूल शब्द है।

इसलिए 'distance' शब्द में prefix 'dis' नहीं है। इसलिए,  विकल्प 3)  उत्तर है।

भुक्खड़ शब्द  उच्छृंखल का पर्यायवाची शब्द नही है । अतः सही उत्तर  भुक्खड़ होगा ।
स्पष्टीकरण:
भुक्कड़  के पर्यायवाची -  कंगाल, भूखा, अकिंचन आदि
कुछ अन्य उदाहरण :
पियूष: सोम, अमी, अमृत, सुधा, अमिय
नीर: जल, वारि,तोय, सलिल, अंबु
विष: ज़हर, हलाहल, गरल, कालकूट
रस: शहद, पुष्परस, आसव, मधु

दिए गए विकल्पों में से ‘अंगुष्ठ’ शब्द तत्सम है जिसका तद्भव ‘अंगूठा’ होगा।अन्य विकल्प असंगत है। अत: विकल्प 2 अंगुष्ठ‘’सही उत्तर है।

स्पष्टीकरण –

अंगुष्ठ का अर्थ है – अंगूठा
अन्य शब्द :

The correct answer is "occasionally".

Key Points

• Let  us  explore  the given options :
  • Occasionally  means  at infrequent or irregular intervals; now and then .
  • Swiftly  means  at high speed; quickly .
  • Quite  means  to the utmost or most absolute extent or degree; absolutely; completely .
  • Merrily  means  in a cheerful way .
• Hence , the correct answer is  option 1 .

Complete Sentence :Only occasionally is there a rumble in the sky.

दिए गए विकल्पों में से ‘पहुँच’ शब्द का तत्सम रूप प्रभुत्व है। अन्य विकल्प असंगत है। अतः सही विकल्प प्रभुत्व है।

तद्भवशब्द

ऐसे शब्द जो संस्कृत से हिंदी में आने पर उनका रूप बदल गया। जैसे -  भादों, भावज आदि।

अन्यविकल्प