SRMJEEE Subject Wise & Full Length SRMJEE Mock Test - 4 (Medical) Free

Particle nature and wave nature of electromagnetic waves and electrons can be shown by photoelectricity and electron microscopy.
When light shines on a metal, electrons can be ejected from the surface of the metal in a phenomenon known as the photoelectric effect. Explaining the experiments on the photoelectric effect led to the idea of light behaving as a particle of energy, called a photon.
In electron microscope, high-speed electron beam is used instead of light waves, which are used in optical microscope. Like light, the stream of electrons has a corpuscular and vibratory character. Electron microscope gives very high magnification and high resolution.
The electrons can be focused by electro-magnetic lenses, much like the light rays. Electron beam can vibrate like light rays but has very short wave length as compared to light rays. Wave length of electron beam λ = 0.005 nm as compared to 550 nm of visible light. Resolution increases with the decrease of wave length.

Key Idea: Like charges repel each other while unlike charges attract each other.
From Coulomb's law, the force of attraction/repulsion between two point charges q1 and q2 placed a distance r apart is given by
F = N
When similar charges are taken
q₁ = 3 × 10^-6 C, q₂ = 8 × 10^-6 C
F = ...(i)
(repulsive)
When additonal charge - 6 × 10⁶ C is given to each charge, then
F' =
(attractive)
∴ F' = N ... (ii)
Dividing Eq. (ii) by Eq. (i), we get

⇒ F' = -
= - = - 1.5 × 10^-3 N
Negative sign indicates, force is attractive.

Momentum of photon, 
Where E is the energy of a photon and c is the velocity of light.

Here , mass of the particle = m, force = P, time = t, initial velocity , u = 0
As P = ma (where a is the acceleration)

According to work - energy theorem

If width of the slits are different, the ray undergoing interference will be of different intensity. So, when they will be out of phase, they will not completely cancel each other, resulting in minimum non-zero intensity.

Given, p = 4.5 × 10² Pa
dQ = 800kJ
= 800 × 10³ J
Change in volume =(2.0−0.5) m³ 
= 1.5m³ 
From first law of thermodynamics,
dQ = dU + p⋅dV
dU = dQ − p⋅dV
= 800 × 10³ − 4.5 × 10⁵ × 1.5
= −1.25 × 10⁵J
Change in internal energy
(V) = 1.25 × 10⁵J.

When the two way key is switched off, then The current flowing in the resistors R and X is
 I = 1 A   ...(i)
When the key between the terminals 1 and 2 is plugged in, then
(Potential difference across R) = IR= kl₁    ...(ii)
where k is the potential gradient across the potentiometer wire
When the key between the terminals 1 and 3 is plugged in, then 
Potential difference across (R + X) is

From equation (ii), we get|

From equation (iii), we get

X = kl₂ − R

=    (Using (iv))

2N₂O₅ → 4 NO₂ + O₂

Production rate of O₂ =
Production rate of NO₂ =
Disappearance rate of N₂O₅ =

[Rate of disappearance of N₂O₅ = Twice the production rate of O₂]

CuSO₄ + K₄ [Fe(CN)₆]→ no reaction

Boiling point = T₀ (Solvent) + ΔT_b (Elevation in b.p.)
ΔT_b = miK_b
where, m is the molality (≈ Molarity M)
i, the van’t Hoff factor = [1 + (y – 1)x]
K_b, molal elevation constant.
Thus ΔT_b ∝ i
Assume 100% ionisation
(a) mi (Na₂ SO₄) = 0.01[1 + (y – 1)x] = 0.03
(b) mi (KNO₃) = 0.01 × 2 = 0.02
(c) mi (urea) = 0.015
(d) mi (glucose) = 0.015

Para-isomeric dihalobenzene has the highest melting point as compared to ortho-and meta-isomeric dihalobenzenes. It is due to the symmetry of para-isomer that fits in crystal lattice better as compared to ortho-and meta-isomer dihalobenzenes.

Nitrous acid reacts with aliphatic amines in a fashion that provides a useful test for distinguishing primary, secondary and tertiary amines. 
With primary amine it react to give an outburst of odorless and colorless gas and nitrogen is given off.
With secondary amine we get a yellow oil known as nitrosamine.
With tertiary amine, nothing special happens and we get  a colorless solution.

Ethylamine is the only primary amine among the given choices.

Due to the bigger size of colloidal particles the number of particles in a colloidal solution is comparatively small as compared to a true solution. Hence the values of colligative properties are of small order as compared to values shown by true solutions at same concentration.

LiAlH₄ acts as a strong reducing agent towards carboxylic acids and converts them into respective alcohols. Unsaturated system like simple alkene or alkyne is unaffected by LiAlH₄.

The sum of unidentate ligands in a complex ion is called the coordination number of the complex ion.
Coordination number is the total number of ligands attached to the central metal atom or ion in a complex, and unidentate ligands are the ligands with only one donor atom site in them. For example - In the complex ion [Co(NH₃)₆]²⁺ there are six unidentate ligands (NH₃) attached to the central cobalt ion. Therefore, the coordination number of the complex ion is 6.
Oxidation Number is defined as the number of electrons lost or gained by an atom in order to combine with another atom to gain stability. 
Primary Valency in a complex is equal to the oxidation number of the central metal atom or ion in the complex. 
Effective Atomic Number of a complex ion is the sum of the total number of electrons present in the central metal atom or ion in the complex, and the total number of electrons donated by the ligands attached to it. 

The chemical name of SO₂Cl₂ is sulphuryl chloride.

Structure and Hybridization:
The total number of sigma bonds formed by sulphur in SO₂Cl₂ is four, and there is no lone pair of electrons.
Hence, the hybridization of S in SO₂Cl₂ is sp³.

Oxidation State of S in SO₂Cl₂:
Let the oxidation state of S be x:
x + 2(-2) + 2(-1) = 0
x - 4 - 2 = 0
x = +6
Thus, the oxidation state of S in SO₂Cl₂ is +6.

The chemical name of SOCl₂ is thionyl chloride.

a

Structure and Hybridization:
The total number of sigma bonds formed by sulphur in SOCl₂ is three, and there is one lone pair of electrons.
Hence, the hybridization of S in SOCl₂ is sp³.
Oxidation State of S in SOCl₂:
Let the oxidation state of S be x:
x - 2 + 2(-1) = 0
x - 2 - 2 = 0
x = +4
Thus, the oxidation state of S in SOCl₂ is +4.

Reduction by NaBH₄ gives primary alcohol, With the help PBr₃ substitution reaction occurred and formed PhCH₂Br. In the presence of Li, Organolithium reagent will form and this will attack on oxirane ring, after the opening of oxirane ring, Ph-CH₂-CH₂-CH₂-OH product will form. 

The characteristic feature of sponges (phylum Porifera) among the options provided is the presence of Ostia. Ostia are tiny pores or openings on the body of a sponge that allow water to enter its central cavity, called the spongocoel. These ostia are responsible for the filtration of water, which is a vital process for sponges to obtain food and oxygen.

The order generally ends with ales. Order being a higher category is the assemblage of families which exhibit a few similar characters.

Bacteria primarily reproduce through asexual reproduction, typically by binary fission. While bacteria can engage in processes like conjugation, which involves the transfer of DNA between bacteria, this is not considered true sexual reproduction because it does not involve the fusion of gametes. True sexual reproduction, as understood in eukaryotic organisms, does not occur in bacteria. And buds are produced in hydra.
Line in NCERT: Bacteria reproduce mainly by fission. Sometimes, under unfavourable conditions, they produce spores. They also reproduce by a sort of sexual reproduction by adopting a primitive type of DNA transfer from one bacterium to the other.

Renal calculi are characterized by the presence of an insoluble mass of crystallized salts within the kidney. These formations can vary in size and composition, often leading to symptoms such as severe pain, hematuria (blood in urine), and urinary obstruction. It is crucial to manage these calculi through dietary changes, hydration, and medical interventions to prevent complications like kidney damage or recurrent stone formation.

Topic in NCERT: Renal calculi

Line in NCERT: "Renal calculi: Stone or insoluble mass of crystallised salts (oxalates, etc.) formed within the kidney."