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Test: Basic Concepts (Structure Of Solids), Hardness Test & Crystalline Materials - 2 - Mechanical Engineering MCQ


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30 Questions MCQ Test GATE Mechanical (ME) Mock Test Series 2025 - Test: Basic Concepts (Structure Of Solids), Hardness Test & Crystalline Materials - 2

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Test: Basic Concepts (Structure Of Solids), Hardness Test & Crystalline Materials - 2 - Question 1

When the temperature of a solid metal increases,  

Detailed Solution for Test: Basic Concepts (Structure Of Solids), Hardness Test & Crystalline Materials - 2 - Question 1

Ans. (a)

Test: Basic Concepts (Structure Of Solids), Hardness Test & Crystalline Materials - 2 - Question 2

Assertion (A): The hardness test is a slow, expensive method of assessing themechanical properties of materials.  
Reason (R): The hardness is a function of yield stress and the work hardening rateof material.

Detailed Solution for Test: Basic Concepts (Structure Of Solids), Hardness Test & Crystalline Materials - 2 - Question 2

Ans. (b)

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Test: Basic Concepts (Structure Of Solids), Hardness Test & Crystalline Materials - 2 - Question 3

Assertion (A): Elements are classified into metals and non-metals on the basis oftheir atomic weights. Reason (R): The valence electron structures contribute to the primary bonding between the atoms to form aggregates.  

Detailed Solution for Test: Basic Concepts (Structure Of Solids), Hardness Test & Crystalline Materials - 2 - Question 3

Ans.(d)

Test: Basic Concepts (Structure Of Solids), Hardness Test & Crystalline Materials - 2 - Question 4

Which of the following would you prefer for checking the hardness of very thinsections? 

Detailed Solution for Test: Basic Concepts (Structure Of Solids), Hardness Test & Crystalline Materials - 2 - Question 4

Ans. (c)

Test: Basic Concepts (Structure Of Solids), Hardness Test & Crystalline Materials - 2 - Question 5

Assertion (A): Unlike in the case of ionic bonds, the co-ordination numbers for covalently bonded atoms are not controlled by the radii ratio.  
Reason (R): A covalent bond has a specific direction of bonding in space.

Detailed Solution for Test: Basic Concepts (Structure Of Solids), Hardness Test & Crystalline Materials - 2 - Question 5

The covalent is directional i.e., it is between specific atoms and may exist only in the direction between one atom and another that participate in the electron sharing. :lonic bond is termed non-directional that is the magnitude of the bond is equal in all direction around an ion.
Coordination number (Z)It is the number of nearest neighbours in a crystal structure. It depends on the radius ratio +type of hybridigation in covalent ones and the radius ratio in ionic structure. The CN is strongly controlled by radius ratio, the radius of an ion (or atom) may (and usually does) change as a function of CN

Test: Basic Concepts (Structure Of Solids), Hardness Test & Crystalline Materials - 2 - Question 6

Magnesium is extruded and not rolled because  

Detailed Solution for Test: Basic Concepts (Structure Of Solids), Hardness Test & Crystalline Materials - 2 - Question 6

Ans. (a)

Test: Basic Concepts (Structure Of Solids), Hardness Test & Crystalline Materials - 2 - Question 7

With the increase of percentage of carbon in the steel, which one of the following properties does increase? 

Detailed Solution for Test: Basic Concepts (Structure Of Solids), Hardness Test & Crystalline Materials - 2 - Question 7

As the percentage of carbon in steel increases, the hardness of the steel increases. Carbon acts as a hardening agent in steel, meaning that as more carbon is present, the steel becomes more resistant to deformation, scratches, and wear. This is because carbon atoms, being smaller than iron atoms, can fit into the interstitial spaces within the iron lattice, making it more difficult for the lattice to be deformed, thus increasing the hardness.

However, it is essential to note that while increasing carbon content increases hardness, it also tends to decrease other properties such as ductility and toughness. Ductility refers to the ability of the material to deform before breaking, while toughness refers to the material's ability to absorb energy before fracturing. As hardness increases in steel due to increased carbon content, the steel becomes more brittle and less ductile, making it more prone to cracking and breaking under stress or impact.

Test: Basic Concepts (Structure Of Solids), Hardness Test & Crystalline Materials - 2 - Question 8

For a Rhombohedral space lattice, which one of the following is correct? 

Detailed Solution for Test: Basic Concepts (Structure Of Solids), Hardness Test & Crystalline Materials - 2 - Question 8

Ans. (b)

Test: Basic Concepts (Structure Of Solids), Hardness Test & Crystalline Materials - 2 - Question 9

Which one of the following pairs is not correctly matched? 
Space Lattice          Relation between Atomic radius r and Edge element a

Detailed Solution for Test: Basic Concepts (Structure Of Solids), Hardness Test & Crystalline Materials - 2 - Question 9

Ans. (c)

Test: Basic Concepts (Structure Of Solids), Hardness Test & Crystalline Materials - 2 - Question 10

Match List-I (Name of the Element) with List-II (Crystal Structure) and select the correct answer using the codes given below the lists: 
List I                                                          List II
A. Fluorspar                                    1. Body-centered cubic
B. Alpha-Iron                                   2. Hexagonal closed packed
C. Silver                                          3. Simple cubic
D. Zinc                                            4. Face-centered cubic
Codes: A B C D                      A B C D
       (a) 3 2 4 1                   (b) 4 1 3 2
       (c) 4 2 3 1                   (d) 3 1 4 2

Detailed Solution for Test: Basic Concepts (Structure Of Solids), Hardness Test & Crystalline Materials - 2 - Question 10

Ans. (d)

Test: Basic Concepts (Structure Of Solids), Hardness Test & Crystalline Materials - 2 - Question 11

Match List-I (Element) with List-II (Crystal Structure) and select the correct answer using the code given below the Lists:  
List - I                                                     List - II
A. Alpha Iron                                     1. Hexagonal closed packed
B. Copper                                          2. Body-centred cubic
C. Zinc                                               3. Amorphous
D. Glass                                            4. Face-centred cubic
Codes: A B C D                             A B C D
       (a) 2 3 1 4                          (b) 1 4 2 3
       (c) 2 4 1 3                          (d) 1 3 2 4 

Detailed Solution for Test: Basic Concepts (Structure Of Solids), Hardness Test & Crystalline Materials - 2 - Question 11

Ans. (c)

Test: Basic Concepts (Structure Of Solids), Hardness Test & Crystalline Materials - 2 - Question 12

In the atomic hard-sphere model of the crystal structure of Copper, what is the edge length of unit cell? 

Detailed Solution for Test: Basic Concepts (Structure Of Solids), Hardness Test & Crystalline Materials - 2 - Question 12

Ans. (c)
Cu – F.C.C Structure


Edge length of unit all = () × Atomic radius.

Test: Basic Concepts (Structure Of Solids), Hardness Test & Crystalline Materials - 2 - Question 13

The coordination number for FCC crystal structure is 

Test: Basic Concepts (Structure Of Solids), Hardness Test & Crystalline Materials - 2 - Question 14

Assuming atoms to be perfect spheres, what is the value of the highest possible atomic packing factor (APF) in metals?  

Detailed Solution for Test: Basic Concepts (Structure Of Solids), Hardness Test & Crystalline Materials - 2 - Question 14

Ans. (b) Packing factor = 0.74 which is maximum and for F.C.C and HCP structure.

Test: Basic Concepts (Structure Of Solids), Hardness Test & Crystalline Materials - 2 - Question 15

Which one of the following is correct for 'Climb'?  

Detailed Solution for Test: Basic Concepts (Structure Of Solids), Hardness Test & Crystalline Materials - 2 - Question 15

Ans. (b) Climb is a dislocation movement in which dislocation moves from one slip plane to another slip plane. Where as Glide is a dislocation movement in which dislocation moves within the same slip plane.

Test: Basic Concepts (Structure Of Solids), Hardness Test & Crystalline Materials - 2 - Question 16

What is the movement of block of atoms along certain crystallographic planes and directions, termed as? [IES 2007]

Detailed Solution for Test: Basic Concepts (Structure Of Solids), Hardness Test & Crystalline Materials - 2 - Question 16

Ans. (c)

Test: Basic Concepts (Structure Of Solids), Hardness Test & Crystalline Materials - 2 - Question 17

What is a surface imperfection, which separates crystals of different orientationsin a poly-crystalline aggregate, called? [IES-2008]

Detailed Solution for Test: Basic Concepts (Structure Of Solids), Hardness Test & Crystalline Materials - 2 - Question 17

Ans. (c) There are several types of planar (or surface) defects that occur from a change in the orientation of crystallographic planes across a surface boundary. The most important planar defect is the grain boundary, which is the imperfect plane surface that separates two crystals of different orientation in a polycrystalline solid. Grain boundaries originate when the last few remaining atoms of a liquid freeze onto the meeting faces of two adjacent crystals that have grown from the melt or, similarly, when two adjacent crystals that grow
by re-crystallization meet each other.

Test: Basic Concepts (Structure Of Solids), Hardness Test & Crystalline Materials - 2 - Question 18

Assertion (A): Refining the grain size of a polycrystalline material renders itharder and stronger. 
Reason (R): Grain boundaries provide easy paths to dislocation motion.

Detailed Solution for Test: Basic Concepts (Structure Of Solids), Hardness Test & Crystalline Materials - 2 - Question 18

Ans. (c)

Test: Basic Concepts (Structure Of Solids), Hardness Test & Crystalline Materials - 2 - Question 19

Which one of the following is correct for "Burger's vector" in screw dislocation?  

Detailed Solution for Test: Basic Concepts (Structure Of Solids), Hardness Test & Crystalline Materials - 2 - Question 19

Ans. (c) In screw dislocation Burger Vector is parallel to the dislocation line whereas in
Edge dislocation, dislocation is perpendicular to the dislocation line.

Test: Basic Concepts (Structure Of Solids), Hardness Test & Crystalline Materials - 2 - Question 20

Chemicals attack atoms within grain boundaries preferentially because they have

Detailed Solution for Test: Basic Concepts (Structure Of Solids), Hardness Test & Crystalline Materials - 2 - Question 20

Ans. (b)

Test: Basic Concepts (Structure Of Solids), Hardness Test & Crystalline Materials - 2 - Question 21

What is the approximate strain energy expression for a dislocation of unit length, irrespective of its edge or screw character?

Detailed Solution for Test: Basic Concepts (Structure Of Solids), Hardness Test & Crystalline Materials - 2 - Question 21

Ans. (b)

Test: Basic Concepts (Structure Of Solids), Hardness Test & Crystalline Materials - 2 - Question 22

A screw dislocation  
1. Lies parallel to its Burger's vector
2. Lies perpendicular to its Burger's vector
3. Moves in a perpendicular direction to the Burger's vector
4. Moves in an inclined direction to the Burger's vector
Select the correct answer using the codes given below:
Codes:

Detailed Solution for Test: Basic Concepts (Structure Of Solids), Hardness Test & Crystalline Materials - 2 - Question 22

Ans. (b)

Test: Basic Concepts (Structure Of Solids), Hardness Test & Crystalline Materials - 2 - Question 23

Which one of the following statements is correct in the case of screw dislocations?(= Burgers Vector; = Imaginary Vector) 

Detailed Solution for Test: Basic Concepts (Structure Of Solids), Hardness Test & Crystalline Materials - 2 - Question 23

Ans. (b) Burger vector ( )  is parallel to imaginary vector () in case of screw dislocation.

Test: Basic Concepts (Structure Of Solids), Hardness Test & Crystalline Materials - 2 - Question 24

Which of the following factors govern solubility of two non-ferrous metals both inliquid state, as well as in solid state?  
1. Crystal structure
2. Relative size factor
3. Chemical-affinity factor
4. Relative valence factor
Select the correct answer using the codes given below:
Codes:

Detailed Solution for Test: Basic Concepts (Structure Of Solids), Hardness Test & Crystalline Materials - 2 - Question 24

Ans. (d)

Test: Basic Concepts (Structure Of Solids), Hardness Test & Crystalline Materials - 2 - Question 25

Which one of the following pairs is not correctly matched?  

Detailed Solution for Test: Basic Concepts (Structure Of Solids), Hardness Test & Crystalline Materials - 2 - Question 25

Ans. (b)

Test: Basic Concepts (Structure Of Solids), Hardness Test & Crystalline Materials - 2 - Question 26

Assertion (A): Carbon forms interstitial solid solution when added to iron.Reason (R): The atomic radius of carbon atom is much smaller than that of iron. 

Detailed Solution for Test: Basic Concepts (Structure Of Solids), Hardness Test & Crystalline Materials - 2 - Question 26

Ans. (a)

Test: Basic Concepts (Structure Of Solids), Hardness Test & Crystalline Materials - 2 - Question 27

Which one of the following defects is 'Schottky defect’? 

Detailed Solution for Test: Basic Concepts (Structure Of Solids), Hardness Test & Crystalline Materials - 2 - Question 27

Ans. (a) Schottky defect is a type of vacancy defect in which cation vacancy is associated with anion vacancy.

Test: Basic Concepts (Structure Of Solids), Hardness Test & Crystalline Materials - 2 - Question 28

Which of the following is a point imperfection? 
1. Vacancy
2. Interstitialcy
3. Frenkel imperfection
4. Schottky imperfection

Detailed Solution for Test: Basic Concepts (Structure Of Solids), Hardness Test & Crystalline Materials - 2 - Question 28

Ans. (d)

Test: Basic Concepts (Structure Of Solids), Hardness Test & Crystalline Materials - 2 - Question 29

Consider the following statements about FCC and HCP crystal structure:
1. Both have same coordination number and atomic packing fraction.
2. Both represent closely packed crystal structures.
3. Both structures are generated by stacking of close packed plants on top of one another,but only the stacking sequence is different.
Which of the statements given above are correct?

Detailed Solution for Test: Basic Concepts (Structure Of Solids), Hardness Test & Crystalline Materials - 2 - Question 29

1, 2 and 3

Explanation:

1. Both FCC (Face-Centered Cubic) and HCP (Hexagonal Close-Packed) structures have the same coordination number (12) and atomic packing fraction (0.74). Coordination number refers to the number of nearest neighbor atoms to a central atom, and atomic packing fraction refers to the proportion of volume occupied by atoms in a crystal structure.

2. Both FCC and HCP represent closely packed crystal structures, which means that the atoms are arranged in a way that minimizes empty space and maximizes the packing efficiency.

3. Both structures are indeed generated by stacking close-packed planes on top of one another. The difference between FCC and HCP lies in the stacking sequence. In FCC, the stacking sequence is ABCABC, while in HCP, the stacking sequence is ABAB. This difference in stacking sequence affects the overall symmetry and properties of the crystal structures.

Test: Basic Concepts (Structure Of Solids), Hardness Test & Crystalline Materials - 2 - Question 30

Which of the following properties of a solid are dependent on crystal imperfecttions? 
1. Yield stress
2. Melting point
3. Semiconductivity
4. Ductility
Select the correct answer using the codes given below:

Detailed Solution for Test: Basic Concepts (Structure Of Solids), Hardness Test & Crystalline Materials - 2 - Question 30

Ans. (b)

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