Test: Challenging the Caste System - Class 8 MCQ

Swami Vivekananda delivered a notable speech at the World Parliament of Religions in 1893, where he introduced Hinduism to a global audience and advocated against religious intolerance. His speech emphasized the unity of all religions.

The Rehnumai Mazdayasan Sabha, founded by Dadabhai Naoroji and others, aimed to improve the social status of Zoroastrians and promote reforms within the community, including women's rights and education.

Mahatma Gandhi referred to untouchables as "Harijans," meaning "Children of God." This term was intended to uplift their status and promote equality, reflecting Gandhi's commitment to eradicating untouchability.

Kandukuri Veeresalingam founded the Hitakarini Samajam to work towards improving the conditions of untouchables in society. His efforts were crucial in promoting social reforms and women's upliftment in Andhra Pradesh.

Dr. B.R. Ambedkar criticized the Manusmriti for perpetuating social inequalities and supporting Brahmin dominance. His critique was part of his broader efforts to challenge caste-based discrimination in Indian society.

Gopal Hari Deshmukh, known as Lokhitawadi, was a prominent Maharashtra reformer who opposed the caste system and priestly dominance. He founded the Paramahansa Mandali to advocate for social reforms and the abolition of caste distinctions.

The Satnami Movement, initiated by Ghasidas, sought to uplift the status of leather workers. It aimed to fight against caste discrimination and promote social justice for marginalized communities.

The Aligarh Movement, led by Sir Syed Ahmad Khan, aimed at reforming Muslim education by promoting modern Western education. It emphasized the importance of education for the Muslim community, including women's education.

The Gurdwara Reform Movement aimed to free gurdwaras from corrupt priests (mahants) and ensure that they were managed by the community. This movement led to significant reforms in Sikh religious practices and governance.

Mahatma Gandhi founded the Harijan Sevak Sangh in 1932, aimed at eradicating untouchability and uplifting the Harijans. This organization focused on spreading awareness and advocating for the rights of the untouchables in India.

The Self-Respect Movement, led by E.V. Ramasamy (Periyar), aimed to instill pride among non-Brahmins and promote equality. It highlighted the need to reject caste-based discrimination and embrace self-respect.

Swami Vivekananda founded the Ramakrishna Mission in 1897, focusing on serving society through education and social service. His philosophy emphasized serving mankind as a means of serving God.

Ishwar Chandra Vidyasagar opened the Sanskrit College in Calcutta to students of all castes, which had previously been exclusive to Brahmins. This was a groundbreaking reform that promoted education for all, regardless of caste.

Raja Ram Mohan Roy founded the Brahmo Samaj, which rejected the caste system and idol worship, promoting a vision of equality and respect for all religions. His work laid the foundation for many social reforms in India.

Sree Narayana Guru promoted the idea of "One Caste, One Religion, One God for Mankind," which aimed to uplift lower castes and unite people against caste discrimination. His teachings emphasized social equality and spiritual enlightenment.

Christian missionaries played a significant role in setting up schools for tribal and lower caste children, thereby providing them access to Western education and opportunities previously denied due to caste discrimination.

The Mahad Satyagraha, led by Dr. B.R. Ambedkar, was significant for advocating the right of Mahars to access public water sources, symbolizing the struggle against caste discrimination and the fight for civil rights.

The Prarthana Samaj focused on promoting the spiritual equality of all castes and aimed to remove caste restrictions. It was a progressive movement that sought to reform social practices within Hinduism.

Dr. B.R. Ambedkar is known as the "Father of the Indian Constitution" due to his pivotal role as the Chairman of the Drafting Committee. He ensured constitutional protections against discrimination and untouchability.

The Satyashodhak Samaj, or Truth Seeker's Society, aimed to uplift lower castes and promote equality. Jyotirao Phule's efforts were significant in combating caste oppression and advocating for social justice.