Test: Computer Architecture - 2 - SSC CGL MCQ

The main circuit board found in a computer is known as the motherboard. It is the primary board to which all other computer components like ROM, RAM, expansion slots, PCI slots, and USB ports are connected. It also contains controllers for devices such as the hard drive, DVD drive, keyboard, and mouse.

The CMOS battery on the motherboard is responsible for storing the system's BIOS. The BIOS (Basic Input/Output System) chip contains the firmware that initializes the hardware during the boot process. The CMOS battery ensures that the BIOS settings are retained even when the computer is powered off.

The acronym 'SMPS' stands for Switch Mode Power Supply in relation to the components on a motherboard. The SMPS is responsible for converting AC power from the wall outlet to the DC power needed by the computer components.

Buses on the motherboard are responsible for controlling the flow of data between the CPU and other components. Buses act as communication pathways that allow data to be transferred between the various devices connected to the motherboard.

The PCI slots on a motherboard serve the purpose of expanding the computer's hardware capabilities. These slots allow users to connect additional components such as graphics cards, sound cards, and network cards to enhance the functionality and performance of the computer system.

The control bus in a computer system is responsible for carrying commands to access memory or I/O (Input/Output) devices. It plays a crucial role in coordinating the flow of information within the computer by facilitating the execution of commands for accessing and managing memory and peripherals. This coordination is essential for the proper functioning and efficiency of the computer system.

The address bus in a computer system is responsible for carrying the location information of I/O (Input/Output) devices or memory. It plays a crucial role in specifying the memory address or device address to which data needs to be sent or from which data needs to be retrieved. The address bus is essential for enabling the CPU to accurately locate and communicate with specific memory locations or external devices.

The external bus in a computer system is responsible for linking external devices such as peripherals, expansion slots, and drive connections to the computer. This bus facilitates communication between the computer and external devices, enabling data transfer to and from these peripherals. It plays a vital role in expanding the capabilities and functionalities of the computer system by connecting it to various external components.

The data bus in a computer system is primarily responsible for carrying the actual data to be transferred between different components of the computer. It serves as the pathway for transferring information, such as instructions, input, or output data, between the CPU, memory, and other peripheral devices. The data bus plays a critical role in ensuring the efficient and accurate exchange of data within the computer system.

The internal bus in a computer system is known as the system bus, and it connects essential parts inside the motherboard, such as the CPU and memory. This bus serves as the main communication pathway for transferring data and instructions between the central processing unit (CPU) and the memory modules. The internal bus plays a crucial role in facilitating the exchange of information within the core components of the computer system, ensuring smooth operation and data flow.

The Instruction Cycle signifies the sequence of events that occur as an instruction is read from memory and executed in a computer system. This process involves fetching the instruction from memory, translating it for operation, carrying out the instruction, and finally storing the result back in memory. Understanding this cycle is fundamental in comprehending how a computer processes and executes commands effectively.

An Uninterruptible Power Supply (UPS) device serves the critical function of providing emergency power to a device when the primary power source fails. This ensures that the connected device can continue to operate seamlessly even during power outages or fluctuations, safeguarding against data loss and system shutdowns.

A Power Strip tool is designed to facilitate the connection of multiple devices to a single wall socket. This tool expands the available electrical outlets, allowing users to power and operate several electronic devices simultaneously from a single power source. It is a convenient solution for managing various gadgets and appliances efficiently.

An Instruction Code is a specific set of bits that conveys instructions to a computer system, informing it about the tasks to perform. These codes are essential as they guide the processor in executing operations such as arithmetic calculations, data manipulation, and control functions. Understanding instruction codes is fundamental in programming and operating computers efficiently.

The fetch cycle and execute cycle are integral stages within the Instruction Cycle. The fetch cycle encompasses retrieving the instruction from memory and interpreting it for operation. In contrast, the execute cycle focuses on executing the instruction and storing the outcome back in memory. This division ensures a systematic and efficient process of reading and executing instructions in a computer system.