Test: Diseases and First Aid - Class 8 MCQ

Scurvy is caused by a deficiency of vitamin C, leading to symptoms such as weakness, anemia, and gum disease. This vitamin is crucial for collagen production and overall immune function.

Public hygiene plays a vital role in preventing diseases by ensuring clean environments, proper waste disposal, and reducing the risk of waterborne and vector-borne diseases.

Degenerative diseases, such as arthritis and cataracts, are primarily associated with the aging process, leading to the gradual deterioration of body structures and functions over time.

Edward Jenner is credited with developing the concept of vaccination after demonstrating that exposure to cowpox could provide immunity against smallpox. His pioneering work led to the establishment of immunology as a field.

Communicable diseases are primarily caused by pathogens, including bacteria, viruses, fungi, and protozoa, that can spread from infected individuals to healthy ones through various transmission methods.

Toxoids are inactivated forms of bacterial toxins used in vaccines. They stimulate the immune system to produce antibodies without causing disease, as seen in vaccines for diphtheria and tetanus.

Severe chest pain is a common symptom of a heart attack, often accompanied by shortness of breath, sweating, and nausea. Quick medical intervention is crucial to improve outcomes.

The primary focus of first aid is to provide immediate assistance to individuals in emergencies until professional medical help arrives. This includes managing injuries, performing CPR, and stabilizing patients.

Diabetes mellitus is a metabolic non-communicable disease that results from the body's inability to produce sufficient insulin. Unlike communicable diseases, it does not spread from person to person.

During an allergic response, the body’s immune system reacts excessively to an allergen, resulting in symptoms like swelling, hives, and respiratory issues as it attempts to eliminate the perceived threat.

Malaria is transmitted through the bite of infected female Anopheles mosquitoes, which introduce the Plasmodium parasite into the bloodstream. Preventive measures include using mosquito nets and repellents.

In the event of a snake bite, it's important to keep the person calm and immobilize the affected limb to prevent venom from spreading. Immediate medical attention is also crucial.

Health is defined as a state of complete well-being in physical, mental, and social aspects, not just the absence of disease. This comprehensive view emphasizes that a healthy individual can effectively manage stress and enjoy life.

For minor burns, the area should be cooled under running water, then dried and covered with a sterile dressing. This helps to protect the area from infection and promotes healing.

Allergic reactions often manifest as skin conditions such as rashes, among other symptoms. They occur when the immune system reacts to allergens. For instance, hay fever can cause sneezing and nasal congestion.

Regular vaccinations are critical in preventing infectious diseases by enhancing the immune system's ability to fight specific pathogens. Vaccination campaigns have successfully reduced the incidence of diseases like polio and measles.

Antibodies produced in response to vaccinations help the immune system recognize and combat pathogens. This adaptive response is crucial for long-term immunity against specific diseases.

Marasmus is caused by severe malnutrition due to a lack of sufficient calories and protein. This condition leads to significant weight loss and muscle wasting, particularly in children.

Genetic inheritance refers to the transmission of genes from parents to offspring, which does not classify as a disease transmission method. In contrast, direct contact and contamination are common ways diseases spread.

Cancer is a non-communicable disease characterized by uncontrolled cell growth. It can be influenced by various factors including genetic mutations, lifestyle choices, and environmental exposures.