Test: Diseases of Lens - 2 - NEET PG MCQ

The enzyme that facilitates the sorbitol pathway is Aldose Reductase.

If the halos are present, it indicates a cataract issue, whereas if they are absent, it suggests the possibility of angle-closure glaucoma.

Phacoemulsification is a technique used in SICS.

In diabetes, we can develop either snowflake or snowstorm cataracts.

Chalcosis refers to the accumulation of copper, while the deposition of gold is termed Chrysiasis. Prolonged consumption of gold exceeding 1000 mg (in individuals with RA) results in deposits in the cornea and anterior subcapsular cataracts.

Polychromatic luster is a diagnostic characteristic of complex cataracts, which are typically found in the posterior subcapsular region.

Rheumatoid arthritis leads to the thinning and degeneration of the peripheral cornea, as well as scleritis, a condition referred to as Scleromalacia perforans.

Wilson’s disease is defined by the accumulation of copper in the body. It is marked by:

• the presence of sunflower cataracts
• the formation of a Kayser-Fleischer (KF) ring

The method used to determine the refractive power of the IOL is known as Biometry. This calculation is performed using the SRK formula.

The primary reason for the development of acquired cataracts is senile cataract.

ICCE is not recommended for children, as there exists a significant adhesion between the posterior capsule of the lens and the vitreous, referred to as the hyaloido-capsular ligament. This adhesion means that ICCE can exert traction on the vitreous, resulting in retinal detachment.

Dissicision is now considered an outdated procedure.

A patient with a cataract undergoes assessment based on all the aforementioned criteria prior to receiving treatment.

Non-foldable IOLs consist of PMMA, while foldable IOLs are constructed from three different materials:

• Acrylic
• Silicon
• Hydrogel

Complications in the posterior segment are minimal when the posterior capsule is preserved.

Intraoperative and intracameral antibiotic injections are not administered as a standard practice. The use of oral antibiotics after surgery is a subject of debate, and many surgeons choose not to recommend them.

Radiational cataracts arise from exposure to electromagnetic radiation.

In-the-bag implantation is the most physiological method, resulting in minimal complications.

Corneal dystrophies are spontaneous, idiopathic alterations that occur without any inflammatory aspect.

A rosette-shaped cataract typically arises from blunt trauma.

Myotonic dystrophy manifests with a range of symptoms, including:

• ptosis
• Christmas tree cataract
• changes in the pupils
• pigmentary retinopathy

During the day, the pupil is constricted, which leads to a reduction in vision due to nuclear cataract.

The most prevalent form of congenital cataract is referred to as the blue dot type.

All the complications mentioned, C and D, may arise following ECCE. CME is especially prevalent if there is a tear in the posterior capsule.

Choroidal detachment arises from D hypotony. All other factors can lead to elevated IOP.

The region of the surface ectoderm that lies above the optic vesicle becomes thicker, resulting in the formation of the lens placode. This placode subsequently transforms into the lens vesicle, which detaches from the surface ectoderm.