Test: Distribution System - Civil Engineering (CE) MCQ

In the dead end system, which is also sometimes called Tree system, there is one main supply pipe, from which originates (generally at right angles) a number of sub main pipes. Each submain, then divides into several branch pipes, called laterals. From the laterals, service connections are given to the consumers. This type of layout may have to be adopted for older towns which have developed in a haphazard manner, without properly planned roads.

Grid-iron system; In this system; which is also known as Interlaced system or Reticulation system, the mains, sub-mains and branches are all inter-connected with each other in a well planned city or a town, the roads are generally developed in a grid-iron pattern, and the pipe lines in such places can follow them easily.

Reciprocating pump gives constant discharge under variable heads. It is used for low discharge under variable high heads.

Drain valves are provided to remove the entire water from within a pipe (after closing the water supply). These are small gated off-takes which are provided at low points. These are also known as blow off valves or scour valves.

Ferrule: A ferrule is a right angled sleeve made of brass or gun metal, and is joined to a hole drilled in the water main.
Goose neck: Goose neck is a small sized curved pipe made of a flexible material (usually lead) forming a flexible connection between the water main and the service pipe.
Service pipe: Service pipe is a galvanised iron pipe of size less than 50 mm dia. The service pipe which supplies water to the building through the municipal main is thus connected to the main through the goose neck and ferrule.
Stop cock: The stop cock is provided before the water enters the water meter in the house.