Test: Excretion - Class 10 MCQ

Plants store many of their waste products in vacuoles, which are membrane-bound compartments within their cells. Additionally, some waste products are stored in old leaves that eventually fall off, bark, or other non-essential parts of the plant. This helps them avoid harmful effects from these waste materials.

Some plants produce sticky substances like gum or resin to help excrete waste materials. This process allows plants to eliminate harmful substances while also providing protection from insects and diseases. The resin seals wounds in the plant, preventing further damage and creating a barrier against pathogens. Additionally, the resin can support beneficial microorganisms and insects, showcasing an important adaptation that helps plants manage waste and maintain their health.

Unlike the natural kidney's filtration mechanism, dialysis in an artificial kidney does not involve re-absorption of waste products back into the blood. Instead, the waste products are removed from the blood through the dialysing fluid, without the re-absorption process seen in the kidney tubules. This distinction highlights the unique method through which an artificial kidney functions to cleanse the blood of toxins.

To maintain osmotic pressure and facilitate waste removal, emphasizes the essential function of the dialysing fluid in an artificial kidney. The dialysing fluid matches the osmotic pressure of blood, preventing cell damage and maintaining fluid balance. During dialysis, waste products like nitrogenous wastes diffuse from the blood into the fluid through a semi-permeable membrane. This process efficiently removes harmful substances while ensuring essential nutrients remain in the bloodstream. Thus, the dialysing fluid plays a crucial role in mimicking the waste removal function of natural kidneys.

Transpiration is the process by which plants release excess water vapor into the atmosphere through small openings called stomata, primarily located on the leaves. This process helps regulate the plant's water balance, cools the plant, and facilitates the uptake of nutrients and minerals from the soil. By managing excess water through transpiration, plants can effectively excrete water, similar to how animals sweat. This is an essential adaptation for maintaining health and stability in a plant's internal environment.