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Test: Fluoridation and Defluoridation - Civil Engineering (CE) MCQ


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10 Questions MCQ Test Environmental Engineering - Test: Fluoridation and Defluoridation

Test: Fluoridation and Defluoridation for Civil Engineering (CE) 2024 is part of Environmental Engineering preparation. The Test: Fluoridation and Defluoridation questions and answers have been prepared according to the Civil Engineering (CE) exam syllabus.The Test: Fluoridation and Defluoridation MCQs are made for Civil Engineering (CE) 2024 Exam. Find important definitions, questions, notes, meanings, examples, exercises, MCQs and online tests for Test: Fluoridation and Defluoridation below.
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Test: Fluoridation and Defluoridation - Question 1

In which process, the fluoride content of water is raised?

Detailed Solution for Test: Fluoridation and Defluoridation - Question 1

When the fluoride content is low, it will cause dental caries. So the fluoride content of water is raised and the process is called fluoridation.

Test: Fluoridation and Defluoridation - Question 2

The fluoride concentration for prevention of dental caries is ____

Detailed Solution for Test: Fluoridation and Defluoridation - Question 2

Dental caries occurs in children. It can be prevented when the concentration of fluoride in water is between 0.7 to 1.2mg/l.

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Test: Fluoridation and Defluoridation - Question 3

Which of the following is the pure compound?

Detailed Solution for Test: Fluoridation and Defluoridation - Question 3

Sodium fluoride is the most purest compound having 95-98% purity due to which, they are commonly used for fluoridation.

Test: Fluoridation and Defluoridation - Question 4

Which of the following is not used as a fluoride compound?

Detailed Solution for Test: Fluoridation and Defluoridation - Question 4

Sodium fluoride, sodium silico fluoride, hydrofluosilicic acid and sodium fluro carbonate are the fluoride compounds used for fluoridation.

Test: Fluoridation and Defluoridation - Question 5

What happens when water contains 8-20 ppm of fluoride concentration?

Detailed Solution for Test: Fluoridation and Defluoridation - Question 5

Dental fluorosis is caused when fluoride concentration is above 3 ppm, whereas Crippling fluorosis is caused when the concentration of fluoride in water is between 8 and 20ppm.

Test: Fluoridation and Defluoridation - Question 6

As far as safer handling is considered, which of the following is used for fluoridation?

Detailed Solution for Test: Fluoridation and Defluoridation - Question 6

For safer handling, hydrofluosilicic acid is preferred as even if it is spilled on the skin, it can be removed easily by washing in cold water.

Test: Fluoridation and Defluoridation - Question 7

Which of the following is not used for defluoridation?

Detailed Solution for Test: Fluoridation and Defluoridation - Question 7

Copper sulfate is used to remove taste, odor, color and control of algae growth and it is not used for fluoridation.

Test: Fluoridation and Defluoridation - Question 8

The process of reducing the fluoride content from water is called _____

Detailed Solution for Test: Fluoridation and Defluoridation - Question 8

When the fluoride content in water is high, it is essential to reduce the fluoride content to avoid health related problems and the process of reducing the fluoride content is called defluoridation.

Test: Fluoridation and Defluoridation - Question 9

Which one of the following methods is most commonly used in rural areas for defluoridation?

Detailed Solution for Test: Fluoridation and Defluoridation - Question 9
  • Defluoridation means the removal of fluoride from the water.
  • The following technologies are generally used for removing fluorides from water.
    • Absorbing by activated alumina (commonly known as Prashanti Technology)
    • Nalgonda Technique
    • Ion exchange absorption method
    • Reverse osmosis process

Nalgonda Technique:

  • Mainly used in rural areas, groundwater containing excess fluoride.
  • Nalgonda technique uses aluminum salt (alum) for removing fluoride.

Activated sludge treatment:

  • It is an aerobic suspended growth type biological process that uses the active microorganisms kept in suspension in the reactor to decompose and stabilize the soluble and particulate (colloidal and suspended) organic matter present in wastewater.

Lime soda process:

  • Lime soda process is the method of removal of hardness (permanent hardness) from the water.
  • The Lime soda process is used for the removal of all forms of calcium hardness.
  • Complete removal of hardness cannot be accomplished by chemical precipitation, under normal condition in the treatment plant, 40 mg/l of CaCO3 and 10 mg/l of Mg(OH)2 usually remains in softened water.

Co-precipitation:

  • The co-precipitation method refers to obtain a uniform composition in two or more cations of homogeneous solution through precipitation reaction, which is one of the important methods for the synthesis of composites containing two or more kinds of metal elements.
Test: Fluoridation and Defluoridation - Question 10

At which temperature, the bone is calcinated during defluoridation with calcium phosphate?

Detailed Solution for Test: Fluoridation and Defluoridation - Question 10

During defluoridation by calcium phosphate, the bone is calcinated at 400-600ºC for 10 minutes followed by mineral acid treatment.

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