Test: Important Battles and War in Indian History - CUET Commerce MCQ

• The first battle of Panipat: This is correctly matched as it was fought between Babur and Ibrahim Lodi in 1526.


• Battle of Khanwa: This is correctly matched as it was fought between Babur and Rana Sanga in 1527.


• Battle of Chanderi: This is not correctly matched as it was fought between Babur and Medini Rai in 1528, not Sher Shah Suri.


• Battle of Ghaghra: This is correctly matched as it was fought between Babur and Afghani rule in 1529.

Therefore, the correct answer is option C, as the Battle of Chanderi was not fought between Babur and Sher Shah Suri.

• Third Battle of Tarain: The Third Battle of Tarain took place between the forces of Mohammad Ghori and Prithviraj Chauhan.


• Date of the Battle: The Third Battle of Tarain took place in the year 1216.


• Importance: This battle was significant as it resulted in the defeat of Prithviraj Chauhan by Mohammad Ghori.


• Outcome: As a result of this battle, Mohammad Ghori established his rule over northern India.

• Date of Battle: The second battle of Tarain took place in 1192.


• Key Players: The battle was fought between the forces of Muhammad of Ghor and Prithviraj Chauhan.


• Outcome: Muhammad of Ghor emerged victorious in this battle.


• Significance: The Second Battle of Tarain marked the end of Prithviraj Chauhan's rule and established the Muslim rule in Northern India.


• Historical Impact: The battle had a significant impact on the political landscape of India, leading to the establishment of the Delhi Sultanate.

• First Carnatic War Ended: The Treaty of Aix-la-Chapelle 1748 ended the first Carnatic War, which was fought between the British East India Company and the French East India Company in India.


• English Regained Madras: As part of the treaty, Madras, which had been captured by the French during the war, was returned to the British.

Therefore, both statements 1 and 2 are correct. The Treaty of Aix-la-Chapelle 1748 not only ended the first Carnatic War but also saw the English regain control of Madras.

Explanation:

• Hector Munro: Battle of Buxar - This is a correct match. Hector Munro was a British military officer who played a significant role in the Battle of Buxar in 1764.


• Lord Hastings: Anglo-Nepal War - This is a correct match. Lord Hastings, the Governor-General of India, was involved in the Anglo-Nepalese War (1814-1816) which resulted in the Treaty of Sugauli.


• Lord Wellesley: Fourth Anglo Mysore - This is a correct match. Lord Wellesley was the Governor-General of India during the Fourth Anglo-Mysore War (1798-1799) which led to the defeat of Tipu Sultan.


• Lord Cornwallis: Third Anglo-Maratha War - This is not a correct match. Lord Cornwallis was not involved in the Third Anglo-Maratha War. The Third Anglo-Maratha War took place between 1817 and 1818, and it was led by Lord Hastings.

Therefore, the pair that is not correctly matched is Lord Cornwallis: Third Anglo-Maratha War.

• Date of Battle: The Battle of Panipat took place in 1526 A.D.


• Opponents: Babur, the founder of the Mughal Empire, defeated Sultan Ibrahim Lodi, the ruler of the Delhi Sultanate, at the Battle of Panipat.


• Significance: This battle marked the beginning of the Mughal Empire's rule in India and the end of the Delhi Sultanate.


• Outcome: Babur's victory at Panipat paved the way for the establishment of the Mughal Empire in India, which would later become one of the most powerful and influential empires in the region.

• First Battle of Panipat: 1526 - This is correctly matched as the First Battle of Panipat took place in 1526 between the Mughal Empire and the Lodhi dynasty.


• Battle of Khanva: 1527 - This is correctly matched as the Battle of Khanva occurred in 1527 between the Mughal Empire and the Rajput Confederacy.


• Battle of Ghagra: 1529 - This is correctly matched as the Battle of Ghagra took place in 1529 between the Mughal Empire and the Afghan forces.


• Battle of Chanderi: 1530 - This is the incorrect match. The Battle of Chanderi actually took place in 1528 when Babur of the Mughal Empire defeated the Rajput Confederacy.

Explanation:

• Battle of Panipat: Babar did not declare Jihad during the Battle of Panipat. This battle took place in 1526 between Babar and Ibrahim Lodhi.


• Battle of Khanwa: Babar declared Jihad during the Battle of Khanwa in 1527. This battle was fought between Babar and Rana Sanga of Mewar.


• Battle of Chanderi: Babar did not declare Jihad during the Battle of Chanderi. This battle took place in 1528 between Babar and Medini Rai.


• None of the above: This option is incorrect as Babar declared Jihad during the Battle of Khanwa.

Therefore, the correct answer is Battle of Khanwa.

• The branch of Anushilan Samiti in Patna was established by Sachindra Nath Sanyal.
• Anushilan Samiti was a revolutionary organization involved in the Indian independence movement against British rule, primarily focused on militant nationalism and was active in the early 20th century.
• Sachindra Nath Sanyal played a significant role in the Indian revolutionary movement and is also known for being a mentor to many revolutionaries, including Bhagat Singh.

• Dhaka Anushilan Samiti was founded in November 1905 as a branch of Anushilan Samiti
• Dhaka Anushilan Samiti sent Revati Nag to Bhagalpur to campaign for revolution.
• It was initiated under the leadership of Pulin Bihar Das.
• Pulin Das was arrested in the Barisal Conspiracy case in 1913 and after this, the progress of this samiti was halted.
• Also, note that Dhaka Anushilan Samiti did not participate in the German plot of World War I.

Home Rule Movement (1916 AD)

• The Home Rule League was pioneered on the lines of a similar movement in Ireland. 
• The Home Rule League in Ireland was started by Colonel Olcott and Madame Blavatsky.
• Indian Home Rule movement leaders: Annie Besant and Bal Gangadhar Tilak.
• Bal Gangadhar Tilak founded the first home rule league at the Bombay provincial congress at Belgaum in 1916.
• Annie Besant founded the second league at Adyar, Madras in 1916.

Tilak’s Home Rule Movement

• It started in April 1916 AD at Poona. 
• Tilak’s league was to work in Maharashtra, Karnataka, Central Province and Berar, excluding Bombay.
• He gave the slogan ‘Swaraj is my birthright and I shall have it'.
• Tilak’s newspapers Maratha and Kesari were the organs for home rule.

Annie Basant’s Home Rule Movement

• Started with Subramaniya Iyer in Adyar, Madras in September, worked in the rest of India.
• Annie Besant’s newspapers New India and Commonweal became important for this movement.
• She coined the term ‘commonwealth’.

• Introduction: The Montagu-Chelmsford Reforms were introduced in the aftermath of World War I, in recognition of the Indian contribution to the British war effort. The reforms aimed to expand participation of Indians in the governance of British India.
• Report: The reforms were based on the report submitted by Edwin Montagu and Lord Chelmsford in 1918. This report proposed a new system of administration and a transfer of some powers to elected Indian officials.
• Diarchy: One of the hallmark features of the reforms was the introduction of the Diarchy (dual government) in the provincial governments. This meant that the governance of each province was divided into two parts: transferred and reserved subjects.
• Transferred Subjects: Transferred subjects, which included departments like education, health, agriculture, and local government, were to be administered by Indian ministers accountable to the legislative councils.
• Reserved Subjects: Reserved subjects, including areas like finance, law and order, and land revenue, remained under the direct control of the Governor and his executive council, who were not responsible to the legislature.
• Legislative Reforms: The reforms also expanded the size of the legislative councils at both the central and provincial levels, incorporating a greater number of elected Indian members and introducing a system of direct and indirect elections.
• Communal Representation: Another significant aspect of the Montagu-Chelmsford Reforms was the confirmation and extension of separate electorates for different religious and social communities, such as Muslims, Sikhs, and Europeans, thereby institutionalizing communal representation in Indian politics.

• Zaildar from Haryana during British rule was Chaudhari Nand Ram Saini.
• He inherited the Zaildari in 1906 when his father died.
• He was appointed Zaildar from Hissar division, Punjab region. 

Subhash Chandra Bose (1897 - 1945)

• Subhash Chandra Bose was born on 23rd January 1897, in Cuttack, Orissa Division, Bengal Province.
• The birth anniversary of Netaji on 23rd January is celebrated as 'Parakram Diwas'.
• Subhash Chandra Bose is popularly known as 'Netaji'.
• He passed the Indian Civil Services Examination in 1920 in England but left it on Gandhiji's call of the Non-cooperation Movement.
• He was the first elected INC President at the Haripura Session in 1938 and Tripuri Session in 1939.
• He founded the Forward Bloc in 1939 and Kisan Sabha.
• The first division of INA was formed in September 1942 with the help of Japan.
• He took the charge of Indian Army (Azad Hind Fauj) in 1943 in Singapore.
• He addressed Mahatma Gandhiji as the 'Father of the Nation'.
• He was highly influenced by Vivekananda's teachings and considered him as his spiritual Guru.
• Chittaranjan Das was the "Political Guru of Subhash Chandra Bose".
• A .N. Mukherjee Commission enquired about the mysterious disappearance of Bose.
• "Give me blood, I will give freedom" is a famous word by Netaji.
• The famous slogan - Dilli Challo, Jai Hind.
• Autobiography - The Indian Struggle.

Bal Gangadhar Tilak:

• He launched two newspapers–the Kesari (in Marathi) and the Maratha (in English).
• He organized Ganpati Festival (1893 AD) and Shivaji Festival (1895 AD).
• He was deported to Mandalay Jail (Burma) for writing seditious articles.
• He started the Home Rule League in 1916 AD.
• He wrote Gita Rahasya.
• Tilak asserted: ‘Swaraj is my birthright and I shall have it’.
• He was awarded the title of Lokmanya.
• He was called ‘Bal’, Lala Lajpat Rai was called ‘Lal’ and Bipin Chandra Pal was called ‘Pal’.
• He was a part of the trio of ‘Lal-Bal- Pal’
• He wrote the books The Arctic Home of Vedas and Gita Rahasya.