Test: India- Major Mountain Ranges - UPSC MCQ

The Himalayas are often referred to as the "Roof of the World" due to their towering peaks and majestic presence. Stretching approximately 2,500 kilometers from the western region of Jammu and Kashmir to the eastern state of Arunachal Pradesh, the Himalayas are the highest mountain range in India and home to iconic peaks like Mount Everest.

The Aravalli Range, located in western India, serves as a natural barrier, separating the arid Thar Desert from the fertile plains of Rajasthan. It spans across the states of Gujarat, Rajasthan, Haryana, and Delhi and is known for its scenic beauty, rich mineral resources, and historical significance.

The Ganga (or Ganges) River originates from the Gangotri Glacier in the Himalayas and flows through northern India before merging with the Bay of Bengal. It is one of the most sacred rivers in India, holding immense cultural and religious significance for millions of people.

The Yamuna River merges with the Ganga in Allahabad (now known as Prayagraj). The Yamuna is a major tributary of the Ganga and has its origin in the Yamunotri Glacier in the Himalayas. It flows through several states in northern India before joining the Ganga.

The Satpura Range, located in central India, is known for its dense forests and wildlife sanctuaries. It offers a rich biodiversity and serves as a habitat for various species of flora and fauna. The Satpura National Park and the Pachmarhi Biosphere Reserve are notable conservation areas in this range.

The Indus River flows through Pakistan and has its origin in the Kailash Mountain, located in Tibet. It is one of the longest rivers in Asia and holds historical and cultural significance. The Indus Valley Civilization, one of the world's earliest urban civilizations, flourished along the banks of this river.

The Eastern Ghats run parallel to the eastern coast of India. These hill ranges are known for their scenic beauty, forests, and waterfalls. They stretch across several states, including Odisha, Andhra Pradesh, Tamil Nadu, and Karnataka.

The Kaveri (or Cauvery) River originates from Talakaveri in Karnataka and flows through southern India before merging with the Bay of Bengal. It is one of the major rivers in the region and supports agricultural activities in the fertile delta region of Tamil Nadu.

The Vindhya Range, running parallel to the Narmada River in central India, is renowned for its archaeological and historical significance. It is associated with ancient Indian civilization and is mentioned in various ancient texts and epics.

The Godavari River flows through Maharashtra and has its origin in Trimbakeshwar. It is the second-longest river in India and plays a vital role in the agriculture and irrigation of the surrounding regions. The Godavari is considered sacred by many Hindus and is associated with various religious festivals and rituals.