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Test: Infographics: Adolescence - JSS 1 MCQ


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18 Questions MCQ Test - Test: Infographics: Adolescence

Test: Infographics: Adolescence for JSS 1 2025 is part of JSS 1 preparation. The Test: Infographics: Adolescence questions and answers have been prepared according to the JSS 1 exam syllabus.The Test: Infographics: Adolescence MCQs are made for JSS 1 2025 Exam. Find important definitions, questions, notes, meanings, examples, exercises, MCQs and online tests for Test: Infographics: Adolescence below.
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Test: Infographics: Adolescence - Question 1

What is the primary role of enzymes in biological systems?

Detailed Solution for Test: Infographics: Adolescence - Question 1
Enzymes are biological catalysts that significantly increase the rate of chemical reactions in living organisms by lowering the activation energy required for the reaction to proceed. This allows processes such as digestion, metabolism, and DNA replication to occur efficiently under physiological conditions.
For example, the enzyme amylase helps break down starch into sugars in the mouth and small intestine.
Test: Infographics: Adolescence - Question 2

Which of the following molecules is an example of a protein?

Detailed Solution for Test: Infographics: Adolescence - Question 2
Hemoglobin is a protein that carries oxygen in the blood of vertebrates. It is composed of four polypeptide chains and has a heme group that binds oxygen.
In contrast, glucose is a carbohydrate, triglycerides are fats, and cholesterol is a type of lipid.
Test: Infographics: Adolescence - Question 3

What is the function of ribosomes in a cell?

Detailed Solution for Test: Infographics: Adolescence - Question 3
Ribosomes are the cellular machinery responsible for protein synthesis. They translate messenger RNA (mRNA) into polypeptide chains, which then fold into functional proteins.
Ribosomes can be found free in the cytoplasm or attached to the endoplasmic reticulum, forming rough ER.
Test: Infographics: Adolescence - Question 4
What is the primary purpose of the cell membrane?
Detailed Solution for Test: Infographics: Adolescence - Question 4
The cell membrane serves as a selective barrier that regulates what enters and exits the cell, maintaining homeostasis. It is composed of a phospholipid bilayer with embedded proteins that facilitate transport and communication.
This selective permeability is crucial for cellular function and survival.
Test: Infographics: Adolescence - Question 5
Which of the following is a characteristic of prokaryotic cells?
Detailed Solution for Test: Infographics: Adolescence - Question 5
Prokaryotic cells, such as bacteria, are generally smaller than eukaryotic cells and lack membrane-bound organelles and a nucleus. Instead, their genetic material is located in a nucleoid region.
This fundamental difference is essential for understanding cell biology and the evolution of life.
Test: Infographics: Adolescence - Question 6
Which statement correctly describes the function of chloroplasts?
Detailed Solution for Test: Infographics: Adolescence - Question 6
Chloroplasts are organelles found in plants and some algae that are responsible for photosynthesis, the process by which light energy is converted into chemical energy in the form of glucose.
This process is vital for life on Earth as it produces oxygen and organic compounds that are the basis of the food chain.
Test: Infographics: Adolescence - Question 7
What type of bond is formed when electrons are shared between atoms?
Detailed Solution for Test: Infographics: Adolescence - Question 7
A covalent bond is formed when two atoms share electrons, allowing them to achieve a stable electron configuration. This type of bond is common in organic molecules, such as water (H2O) and carbon dioxide (CO2).
In contrast, ionic bonds involve the transfer of electrons from one atom to another, leading to the formation of charged ions.
Test: Infographics: Adolescence - Question 8
Which of the following represents a solution with a pH of 3?
Detailed Solution for Test: Infographics: Adolescence - Question 8
A solution with a pH of 3 is considered acidic. The pH scale ranges from 0 to 14, with values below 7 indicating acidity, 7 being neutral, and values above 7 indicating basicity.
Common examples of acidic substances include lemon juice and vinegar.
Test: Infographics: Adolescence - Question 9
What is the main purpose of the scientific method?
Detailed Solution for Test: Infographics: Adolescence - Question 9
The scientific method is designed to provide a systematic approach to investigation, allowing scientists to formulate hypotheses, conduct experiments, and analyze results in a consistent and repeatable manner.
This approach helps to minimize bias and errors, leading to more reliable conclusions.
Test: Infographics: Adolescence - Question 10
What is the primary component of the Earth's atmosphere?
Detailed Solution for Test: Infographics: Adolescence - Question 10
Nitrogen makes up about 78% of the Earth's atmosphere, making it the most abundant gas. Oxygen is the second most abundant gas at approximately 21%, followed by argon and trace amounts of other gases.
This composition is crucial for supporting life and maintaining ecological balance.
Test: Infographics: Adolescence - Question 11
Which of the following elements is essential for the formation of organic molecules?
Detailed Solution for Test: Infographics: Adolescence - Question 11
Carbon is the fundamental building block of organic molecules, forming the backbone of structures such as proteins, carbohydrates, lipids, and nucleic acids.
Its ability to form four covalent bonds with various elements allows for the complexity and diversity of organic compounds essential for life.
Test: Infographics: Adolescence - Question 12
What is the role of mitochondria in eukaryotic cells?
Detailed Solution for Test: Infographics: Adolescence - Question 12
Mitochondria are known as the powerhouses of the cell because they produce adenosine triphosphate (ATP) through cellular respiration. This process converts biochemical energy from nutrients into ATP, which cells use for various functions.
Mitochondria also play a role in regulating cellular metabolism and apoptosis.
Test: Infographics: Adolescence - Question 13
Which type of bond involves the attraction between positively and negatively charged ions?
Detailed Solution for Test: Infographics: Adolescence - Question 13
An ionic bond forms through the electrostatic attraction between positively charged ions (cations) and negatively charged ions (anions). This type of bond is typically found in compounds formed between metals and nonmetals, such as sodium chloride (NaCl).
In contrast, covalent bonds result from the sharing of electrons between atoms.
Test: Infographics: Adolescence - Question 14
What is the primary function of the large intestine?
Detailed Solution for Test: Infographics: Adolescence - Question 14
The large intestine primarily functions in the absorption of water and electrolytes, as well as the formation and excretion of feces. It plays a crucial role in maintaining fluid balance in the body.
This process helps to consolidate waste products from the digestion of food, preparing them for elimination.
Test: Infographics: Adolescence - Question 15
Which of the following processes occurs during the light-dependent reactions of photosynthesis?
Detailed Solution for Test: Infographics: Adolescence - Question 15
During the light-dependent reactions of photosynthesis, water molecules are split (photolysis) to release oxygen, protons, and electrons. This process takes place in the thylakoid membranes of chloroplasts and is essential for generating energy-rich molecules like ATP and NADPH.
These products are then used in the Calvin cycle to produce glucose.
Test: Infographics: Adolescence - Question 16
Which type of RNA is responsible for carrying amino acids to the ribosome during protein synthesis?
Detailed Solution for Test: Infographics: Adolescence - Question 16
Transfer RNA (tRNA) is responsible for bringing specific amino acids to the ribosome during translation, where proteins are synthesized based on the sequence of the messenger RNA (mRNA). Each tRNA molecule has an anticodon that pairs with the corresponding codon on the mRNA.
This process ensures that proteins are built accurately according to genetic instructions.
Test: Infographics: Adolescence - Question 17
What is the primary energy currency of the cell?
Detailed Solution for Test: Infographics: Adolescence - Question 17
Adenosine triphosphate (ATP) is known as the primary energy currency of the cell. It stores and provides energy for many cellular processes, including muscle contraction, nerve impulse propagation, and biosynthesis.
ATP is produced through cellular respiration and can be quickly converted to ADP (adenosine diphosphate) to release energy when needed.
Test: Infographics: Adolescence - Question 18
Which of the following structures is involved in the synthesis of lipids?
Detailed Solution for Test: Infographics: Adolescence - Question 18
The smooth endoplasmic reticulum (SER) is involved in the synthesis of lipids, metabolism of carbohydrates, and detoxification of drugs and poisons. Unlike the rough endoplasmic reticulum, which is studded with ribosomes and primarily involved in protein synthesis, the SER lacks ribosomes.
This makes it crucial for lipid production and storage.
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