At Achievers’ School, students from economically underprivileged backgrounds, who study free of charge under the company’s social responsibility clause, tend to spend less time in school on a school day than the financially well-to-do fee paying students. This is despite the fact that on average economically underprivileged children have more pressing academic needs than the fee paying-students. However, despite the mentioned circumstances, the state’s education board concluded that the economically underprivileged students are receiving proper academic attention at Achievers’ School.
Which of the following, if true, most helps to explain the situation above?
In this era of ever increasing oil prices, fuel-efficiency is the primary concern of most car buyers. Because of the increasing demand for fuel-efficient cars, many companies have entered this segment, leading to fierce competition. Recently, both Toyota and General Motors launched their latest cars in this segment on the same day. Even though the car from General Motors fared much better on fuel efficiency, its market share has remained low compared to that of the car from Toyota.
Which of the following best explains the paradox presented above?
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Food prices have been rising in the US for the last couple of years. One of the reasons is the use of food stocks for making biofuels, which are used as automobile fuel along with gasoline. Even though the government has said that there will not be any decrease in the use of biofuels, most analysts predict that food prices will come down despite no increase in the food stock availability.
Which of the following most helps to explain this apparent discrepancy?
Tryton, a trash bag manufacturer based in Tynon, introduced the X4bag that was larger in size than most trash bags. Tryton advertised that by using this bag, priced only marginally higher than most regular-sized trash bags by other companies, consumers could accumulate more trash before disposing of the bag, saving money by not using multiple smaller-sized bags for the same amount of trash. The sales of X4bags skyrocketed, but a survey conducted among Tryton’s customers showed that most customers were not spending less than before; some, in fact, were spending more.
Which of the following, if true, most helps to explain why the customers are not saving?
Two years ago, after witnessing several consecutive years of excessive rent increases in the city and continual protests about the same, the city of Raylayer decided to fix an upper limit on these increases. Since then the landlords have not been able to increase the rent amounts substantially, but on an average the total amount people have been spending to rent similar accommodation has increased at a rate much higher than the increase in the rents.
Which of the following, it true, most helps to explain why the rent cap did not achieve its goal?
The Erythrovirus412, which affects farmed Atlantic salmon, infects human beings by adhering to red blood cells. The virus elevates the body’s white blood cell count, indicating that the body is fighting an infection. Surprisingly, when a group of recently-infected people were tested, the proportion of white blood cells compared to red blood cells in their bodies was similar to that of an uninfected person.
Which of the following, if true, most helps to explain the surprising finding?
Many tourists and local vacationers come to the Heluma River for white water rafting from July to September every year. This year, there were several protests about the ecological harm caused by rafting activities in the river. Even though a survey showed that people’s interest in rafting in the Heluma River area remained unaffected by the protests, the rafting companies in the area saw a significant decline in their sales in September, a month when they usually have the most sales during the year.
Which of the following, if true, best explains the apparent discrepancy described above?
The daguerreotype, the earliest medium of photography that now exists only as a novelty for collectors and hobbyists, is created using photochemical processes that capture images formed on metal plates coated with bitumen. Even though bitumen is among the cheapest available materials in the market, a recent survey of hobbyists who create daguerreotypes in the twenty-first century revealed that the process is far more expensive than that of digital photography.
Which of the following, if true, most helps to explain the above finding?
Last year, the economic downturn affected economies throughout the world. Several million people across nations lost their jobs. Accordingly, the tourism business in the country of Daland, a popular international tourist destination, was severely affected on account of limited business from foreign tourists. However, even though most countries are still trying to recover from the recession, hoteliers in Daland have found that the business this year is back to its original form.
Which of the following, if true, most helps to explain the change between the first and the second year of the recession in the hotel business?
The revival of Kranland’s automobile industry is being pitched as a beacon of hope in an economy that has been broadly flat for the most part of the last two years. It is being suggested that the industry can help boost the country’s economy by increasing its manufacturing output and resultant exports, and create high quality jobs. However, many economists claim that even if automobiles companies help increase the country’s exports, they will not be a major source of new jobs over the long term.
Which of the following best explains the reason for the doubt expressed by the economists?
Organite is a kind of bioorganic fertilizer that is produced by harvesting wastewater from both households and industrial sources. The water is chemically treated at water reclamation facilities, where nutrients are extracted from the waste. These nutrients are then used to produce Organite, which has greatly decreased the need to produce synthetic nutrients. However, production of synthetic nutrients for fertilizers has increased by 60 percent over the last decade.
Which of the following, if true, most helps to explain the apparent discrepancy?
Researchers have recently come across a phenomenon that they have named “the obesity paradox”. The body mass index (BMI) is used as a statistical measurement to estimate healthy body weight and a high BMI is linked with multiple cardiovascular diseases. However, research data indicate that overweight people with a high BMI, compared to people with a normal BMI, have the lowest risk of cardiovascular mortality.
Which of the following, if true, most helps to explain the paradoxical findings stated in the passage?
The government of the country of Marina has recently implemented several changes in its regulations governing the migration of people in and out of the country. Even though the changed regulations will not result in any decline in immigration, one of the causes of high unemployment in the country, the government is confident that the unemployment will reduce in the coming months because of the changes.
Which of the following, if true, provides the best reason for the expectation?
It has been observed that sad music can trigger positive emotions. Under an independent study conducted to study the emotions evoked by different kinds of music, 44 volunteers, including musicians and non-specialists, were made to listen to two pieces of music - one sad and one happy. It was found that most of the volunteers reported experiencing emotions such as relief and calmness while listening to the piece of sad music.
Which of the following, if true, most helps to explain the results of the study mentioned above?
In an effort to propagate afforestation, the state of Tonilla started charging companies that cut down trees in forested land for wood to use as raw material. These charges included planting and growing costs. In the three decades since this law was enforced, the cost for planting and growing trees has not changed much. However, the average price paid by companies subject to this law has reduced from $5 per ton of wood to $2 per ton of wood obtained through cutting down trees.
Which of the following, if true, most helps to explain the drop in price paid by the companies?
Air Spectacular, known for its best service in the airline industry and top-rated travelling experience, has had a greater number of accidents than Aero Sensational over the past few years. Aero Sensational charges roughly the same price as Air Spectacular for its flights. However, most of the travellers have preferred Air Spectacular over Aero Sensational for their flights from Raylayer to Sensei during the same period.
Which of the following, if true, most helps to explain the preference of the travellers despite the greater number of accidents referred to above?
As the US increased the production of natural gas released from underground shale formations, creating more output of polyethylene, it was expected that makers of plastic products such as plastic trash bags, toys, containers etc., which use polyethylene as a raw material, would benefit from the same as a result of the decrease in the price of natural gas. However, makers of plastic products have instead reported no cost benefit as a result of the increase in the supply of natural gas.
Which of the following, if true, most explains the zero cost benefit as reported by the makers of plastic products mentioned in the above argument?
Last year, football player James McGuel faced severe criticism for his poor show that contributed significantly to OldFort United’s worst performance in the history of National Premier League Football Championship. Despite the fact that OldFort United has been winning many more games this year and that James McGuel is averaging more goals per game than last year, critics continue to doubt McGuel’s capability and are voting against his inclusion in the team for the next season of the championship.
Which of the following statements most explains the paradox in the above argument?
Voter turnout is the percentage of eligible voters who cast a ballot in an election. US has seen a trend of increasing voter turnout in most states since 1960s until the most recent 2008 presidential election. Much of this analysis is predicated on voter turnout as measured as a percentage of the voting-age population. California has the highest voting-age population as compared to any other state in US. However, while the voter turnout in California was lowest from 1972 till 1980, it shot up right after 1980 and has been increasing since then.
Which of the following, if true, most helps to explain the change between the voter turnout from 1972 till 2008 in California?
Syldania, the world’s largest exporter of iron ore, annually ships about 30 million tons of iron ore to other countries. Experts predict that because of a recent global increase in the production of iron ore, the export market for iron ore will shrink significantly next year. However, the Syldanian government has recently issued a directive stating that the number of iron ore processing plants in the country is to be increased.
Which of the following, if true, most helps to explain this apparent discrepancy?
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