Test: Programme and Achievements of the Early Nationalists - Class 10 MCQ

A major achievement was the resolution for holding the Indian Civil Service Examinations in both India and England, which marked a step toward greater Indian representation in governance.

Early nationalists emphasized the promotion of primary education among the masses as a means to empower the population and raise political consciousness, reflecting their belief in education as a tool for social change.

Early nationalists were often criticized for their inability to mobilize the masses into a broader national movement, as their methods primarily appealed to a limited segment of educated urban Indians rather than the general populace.

A key aspect of the early nationalists' economic reforms was the advocacy for the protection of Indian industries through imposing heavy trade duties on imported goods, aiming to foster local economic growth.

Dadabhai Naoroji played a crucial role in the founding of the Indian National Congress and was involved in passing key resolutions regarding self-government and national education.

The early nationalists did not initially demand full independence from British rule; rather, they sought self-governance or 'Swarajya' within the British Empire. Their approach was more moderate, advocating for constitutional reforms and representation.

Gopal Krishna Gokhale was vocal in criticizing excessive military spending, arguing that such funds should be redirected to address the needs of the Indian populace, showcasing his commitment to social welfare.

Early nationalists believed that British rule had a positive influence on Indian society, as it led to the abolition of practices like sati and female infanticide. This belief stemmed from their faith in British principles of justice and fair play.

The British Committee was established to present India's case to the British public and raise awareness about Indian issues, effectively serving as a platform for advocating Indian rights in Britain.

The slogan "No taxation without representation" encapsulated the early nationalists' demand for fair representation in governance and fiscal matters, emphasizing their call for control over the public purse.

Early nationalists predominantly employed petitions, prayers, and peaceful demonstrations to express their demands, believing in constitutional methods to advocate for reform and rights.

Dadabhai Naoroji is referred to as the "Grand Old Man of India" due to his long-standing contributions to the Indian National Congress and his advocacy for Indian rights in Britain, where he raised awareness about India's economic exploitation.

Initially, the British government viewed the Indian National Congress with a degree of favor, even allowing some officials to participate in its early sessions, reflecting a period of relative openness before tensions escalated.

Early nationalists placed significant emphasis on educating the masses about their rights and issues, recognizing that awareness and knowledge were crucial for mobilizing the populace toward national consciousness.

Gokhale's activism centered on economic reforms and education, advocating for lower taxes, better governance, and improvements in education for the Indian populace, reflecting his belief in gradual reform.

Critics argued that the early nationalists' reliance on petitions and peaceful protests would not lead to meaningful change or independence, as they underestimated the fundamental clash between British and Indian interests.

The early nationalists argued for the simultaneous conduct of Indian Civil Service Examinations in both India and England, which was a crucial demand for increasing Indian participation in governance.

Early nationalists actively sought to influence British government policies through criticism, petitions, and establishing committees to raise awareness, demonstrating their commitment to reform rather than revolution.

Dadabhai Naoroji is renowned for his advocacy in the British Parliament, where he highlighted the economic exploitation of India, famously arguing that wealth was being drained from the country to England, bringing attention to the injustices faced by Indians.

Early nationalists aimed to repeal the Arms and License Acts, which imposed restrictive measures on Indians and curtailed their civil liberties, reflecting their broader goal of restoring freedoms.