Test: Rocks And Minerals - 1 - Class 5 MCQ

Minerals are the natural substances that make up rocks. They are like tiny building blocks that join together to form rocks. So, rocks are made up of minerals that come together in different ways and colors.

Coal is formed from the remains of trees. Millions of years ago, thick forests on earth, growing in swamps, eventually turned into coal as the trees died and got buried under layers of sand, mud, and more dead trees.

Basalt is an igneous rock that is dense and dark in color. It has fine grains and is formed by lava cooling on the earth's surface.

• Rocks on Earth are made up of different minerals and not just one mineral.
• Some rocks can contain up to six or more minerals, giving them different colors and properties.
• So, the statement that all rocks are made up of only one mineral is False.

Explanation:

• Marble is a metamorphic rock formed from limestone. It is not a primary rock type.
• Basalt is an igneous rock that is commonly found in volcanic areas. It is a type of extrusive rock.
• Granite is an igneous rock that is formed from the slow cooling of magma deep underground. It is a type of intrusive rock.
• All of the options listed (marble, basalt, and granite) are types of rocks, with basalt and granite being primary rock types.
• Therefore, the correct answer is Option D. 

Explanation:

• Natural resources underground: Water, minerals, coal, and petroleum are all examples of natural resources that are found underground. These resources are formed over millions of years through geological processes and are extracted from beneath the earth's surface.
• Water: Water is a vital natural resource that is essential for all forms of life. It is found underground in aquifers and can be extracted through wells.
• Minerals: Minerals are naturally occurring substances that have a crystalline structure. They are found in rocks and are mined for various industrial purposes.
• Coal: Coal is a fossil fuel that is formed from the remains of plants that lived millions of years ago. It is found in underground coal mines and is used for generating electricity.
• Petroleum: Petroleum, also known as crude oil, is a fossil fuel that is found underground in reservoirs. It is the source of various products such as gasoline, diesel, and plastics.

These natural resources are essential for various human activities and play a crucial role in the economy and development of societies.

Marble is made from limestone. Limestone is a type of rock that can be easily carved and polished into various shapes. Marble is often used to make statues and buildings, like the famous Taj Mahal, which is made of white marble.

Answer:
Igneous rock:
- Igneous rock is one of the three main types of rock, along with sedimentary and metamorphic rocks.
- It is formed through the solidification and cooling of magma or lava.
A: Basalt
- Basalt is a common type of igneous rock that is formed from the rapid cooling of lava on or above the Earth's surface.
- It is typically dark in color and has a fine-grained texture.
- Basalt is commonly found in volcanic areas and is used in construction, as a paving stone, and as an aggregate in concrete.

Formation of Petroleum:

• Source: Petroleum is formed from the remains of dead plants and animals that have been buried deep underground for millions of years.
• Process: Over time, the organic matter is subjected to high pressure and temperature, causing it to undergo a transformation into petroleum.
• Types of Organic Matter: The organic matter that eventually becomes petroleum can include algae, plankton, and other marine organisms.
• Location: Petroleum reservoirs are typically found in sedimentary rock formations where the conditions for petroleum formation were favorable.
• Time Frame: The process of petroleum formation is a slow one, taking millions of years to complete.