Test: The effects of lifestyle on health - Year 8 MCQ

Smoking primarily affects the lungs because the inhalation of tobacco smoke directly introduces harmful chemicals and carcinogens into the respiratory system. This can lead to chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD), lung cancer, and other serious respiratory conditions. While smoking also negatively impacts the heart, brain, and liver, the lungs are the most directly and severely affected organ.

Diet plays a crucial role in cardiovascular health by affecting cholesterol levels, blood pressure, and overall heart function. A diet high in saturated fats, trans fats, and cholesterol can increase the risk of heart disease, whereas a diet rich in fruits, vegetables, whole grains, and lean proteins can promote heart health.

Regular physical activity helps prevent obesity by burning calories and improving metabolism. It promotes weight management by balancing calorie intake and expenditure. The other options (improved cardiovascular health, enhanced mood, better muscular strength and endurance) are all well-known benefits of regular physical activity.

Regular exercise helps improve insulin sensitivity and glucose metabolism, which are key factors in reducing the risk of type 2 diabetes. It also helps maintain a healthy weight and promotes overall cardiovascular health. Smoking cessation, decreasing alcohol consumption, and stress management are important for overall health but are not as directly linked to reducing the risk of type 2 diabetes as regular exercise is.