Test: Water Resources - Class 10 MCQ

The primary focus of modern irrigation methods, such as drip and spray irrigation, is to enhance water conservation. These methods aim to use water more efficiently, addressing the challenges of water scarcity and ensuring sustainable agricultural practices.

Furrow irrigation involves digging trenches or furrows between crop rows to distribute water. This method is effective in areas where water is readily available and allows for targeted irrigation.

Canal irrigation can lead to waterlogging and salinity problems, particularly in areas where the water table is shallow. This can result in decreased soil health and reduced agricultural productivity over time.

Rainwater harvesting involves collecting and storing rainwater for various uses, helping to recharge groundwater aquifers and reduce dependency on traditional water sources. This method is essential for sustainable water management.

Multipurpose dams are significant as they provide reliable irrigation sources, control floods, generate hydroelectric power, and support drinking water supply, thus playing a crucial role in India's water management strategy.

A notable disadvantage of well irrigation is its dependency on the water table. If the water table drops significantly, wells can dry up, making them unreliable sources of irrigation during dry periods.

The Persian Wheel Method is a traditional technique that uses a vertical wheel with buckets to lift water from deep wells. This method has been widely used in various regions of India for efficient water retrieval.

Canal irrigation is particularly important in arid regions, providing a reliable water source for agriculture. It helps support high-yield crops in areas where rainfall is insufficient for optimal crop growth.

Spray irrigation is characterized by its efficient use of water, where water is sprayed over crops using specialized equipment. This method can significantly reduce water loss due to evaporation compared to traditional methods.

A major drawback of conventional irrigation methods is that they require significant agricultural land for preparing water channels, which reduces the effective area available for crop cultivation and can negatively impact overall agricultural productivity.

One of the key advantages of well irrigation is its low cost of construction, making it accessible for many farmers. This method allows farmers to tap into groundwater for irrigation, especially in areas with a high groundwater table.

Siltation refers to the accumulation of sediment in irrigation systems, such as tanks or canals. This can hinder water flow and reduce the capacity of these systems, requiring regular maintenance to ensure their effectiveness.

Siltation is a significant challenge for tank irrigation systems, as accumulated silt can reduce their storage capacity and effectiveness. Regular maintenance is required to desilt tanks and maintain their functionality.

The primary reason for the irregularity of rainfall in India is its geographic diversity. The country experiences varied climatic conditions, leading to unpredictable rainfall patterns, which makes alternative irrigation methods essential for agriculture.

Tank irrigation is a traditional method where man-made reservoirs collect and store water for agricultural use. This method is particularly beneficial in regions with seasonal rainfall and helps in managing water resources effectively.

Drip irrigation is one of the most efficient modern methods, delivering water directly to the plant roots through perforated pipes. This minimizes evaporation and runoff, conserving valuable water resources.

In India, a staggering 92% of water resources are utilized for agricultural purposes. This heavy dependence on water for agriculture underscores the importance of effective irrigation practices to support the country's food production needs.

Recharge pits are specifically designed to facilitate the infiltration of water into the ground, promoting the replenishment of groundwater aquifers. This method is crucial for sustainable water management practices.

Maharashtra is well-known for its extensive use of tank irrigation, especially in the Deccan region, where the topography and climatic conditions make tank construction a viable solution for irrigation needs.

Irrigation is crucial for enhancing crop production in India, particularly in response to the growing population's demand for food. By providing a reliable water supply, irrigation methods help ensure sufficient agricultural output.