Test: Weather and Climate - Class 7 MCQ

The Loo is a hot wind that originates from the Rajasthan deserts in India, typically experienced during the summer months and known for its extreme heat.

The diurnal temperature range measures the difference between the highest and lowest temperatures recorded within a single day, indicating daily temperature fluctuations.

A rain gauge is designed to collect and measure precipitation, allowing accurate assessment of rainfall amounts over a specified time period.

Ocean currents significantly influence coastal temperatures; warm currents can raise local temperatures, while cold currents can lower them, impacting the climate and weather patterns of adjacent land areas.

Climatology is concerned with analyzing long-term weather statistics and patterns typically over 30 years. This field helps in understanding how climate affects the lifestyle and environment of a region.

Isohyets are lines on a map that connect points with equal rainfall, providing valuable insights into precipitation patterns across different regions.

Convection currents result from heated air rising and cooler air sinking, which creates wind patterns that significantly influence weather changes, including local breezes.

Absolute humidity refers to the total amount of water vapor present in the air, indicating the actual moisture content regardless of temperature.

Altitude affects temperature by causing it to decrease approximately 1°C for every 165 meters increase in height, which is known as the normal lapse rate.

Relative humidity is defined as the percentage of moisture in the air compared to the maximum amount it can hold at a given temperature, providing insight into how saturated the air is.

Human activities, such as industrial emissions and agriculture, significantly modify weather and climate, contributing to climate change and increasing the frequency of extreme weather events.

Hail forms when moist air rapidly rises into colder layers of the atmosphere, causing water droplets to freeze into ice pellets that fall during thunderstorms.

Nimbus clouds, particularly nimbostratus and cumulonimbus, are typically associated with precipitation, indicating rainy weather conditions.

The tilt and spherical shape of the Earth result in varying amounts of sunlight received in different areas, leading to seasonal changes in weather patterns.

An anemometer measures wind speed, typically using rotating cups that spin faster with stronger winds, allowing meteorologists to assess wind conditions effectively.

A barometer measures atmospheric pressure in millibars. It indicates weather conditions, with low pressure often associated with cloudy and rainy weather.

While latitude, altitude, and ocean currents significantly affect temperature, wind speed primarily influences weather conditions rather than temperature directly.

A Campbell Stokes Sunshine Recorder is used to measure the duration of sunshine, providing important data for understanding sunlight exposure in an area.

High atmospheric pressure is typically associated with clear and sunny weather conditions, as it indicates sinking air that discourages cloud formation.

Weather refers to atmospheric conditions at a specific time, while climate represents the expected average conditions over a long period, typically 30 years, highlighting their fundamental differences.