UGC NET Environmental Science Mock - 1 - UGC NET MCQ

Statement 1 is correct, black-necked crane is medium-sized crane in Asia which is breeds in remote parts of India and Bhutan. Statement 2 is incorrect as Cheetah like grasslands, savannahs, semi-desert areas and was initially found in Kavir desert of Iran. Statement 3 is correct as flying squirrel naturally found in China, India, Indonesia, Myanmar, Sri Lanka, Taiwan and Vietnam. Statement 4 is correct as snow leopard found on mountain ranges of Central and South Asia which serves as one of the five big cats found in India. We see that statements 1, 3 and 4 are correct, so best option is B.

Biodegradable waste refers to that waste which can be broken down into simple organic molecules by micro-organisms. It can be found in municipal solid waste as green waste, food waste, paper waste, domestic waste, human waste, manure, sewage etc.

As per WHO, the risk associated with quality of drinking water involves pollutants such as arsenic, uranium and fluoride, hence 1, 3 and 5 are correct. Sorbitol is an artificial sweetener and laxative while Formaldehyde is used in coating, laminating etc which are not pollutants of water. So from this we see that option C is correct as arsenic, uranium and fluoride are major water pollutants.

Total organic matter stabilised in one day = 180 × 60 × 24 × 0.5 × (1000 – 250) = 97.2 kg

1 kg BOD generates 0.35 m³ methane.

Volume of methane generated = 97.2 × 0.35 = 34.02 m³.

Hence, The correct answer is A.

97% of the earth's water is found in the oceans (too salty for drinking, growing crops, and most industrial uses except cooling). 3% of the earth's water is fresh.

Hence, The correct answer is D.

The Farmington plan is associated with Library Cooperation.

Hence, The correct answer is C.

Staffing is concerned with providing and maintaining  Human resources.

Hence, The correct answer is C.

A set of rules that governs data communication is called protocol. It represents an agreement to adopt to pre-specified rules by the devices that are set up to communicate with one another.

Hence, The correct answer is A.

Kinematic viscocity
= 10^-6 m²/s


Settling velocity
(V_s)= 

= 4.36 × 10^-4 m/s = 0.436 mm/s

Hence, The correct answer is A.

Inductive reasoning begins with observations that are specific and limited in scope, and proceeds to a generalized conclusion that is likely, but not certain, in light of accumulated evidence. You could say that inductive reasoning moves from the specific to the general.

Hence, The correct answer is B.

Ethanol is mixed with petrol for being used in automobiles.

Ethanol (also called ethyl alcohol, grain alcohol, drinking alcohol, spirits, or simply alcohol) is an organic chemical compound. It is a simple alcohol with the chemical formula C₂H₆O Its formula can be also written as CH.

Hence option D is correct.

In the wake of the Bhopal Tragedy, the Government of India enacted the Environment Protection Act of 1986 under Article 253 of the Constitution. Passed in March 1986, it came into force on 19 November 1986.

Hence option A is correct.

The most endangered ecosystem in India is evergreen forest ecosystem.

An evergreen forest is a forest made up of evergreen trees. They occur across a wide range of climatic zones, and include trees such as coniferous and holly in cold climates, eucalyptus, Live oak, acacias and banksia in more temperate zones, and rainforest trees in tropical zones.

Hence option B is correct.

The deadliest Tsunami in recorded history took place on 26-Dec-2004.

Hence option A is correct.

The bio-toilets have been developed by Indian Railways with the help of DRDO. The human excreta in the bio-toilets is treated through anaerobic digestion process. The bio toilet reduces the solid human waste to biogas and pure water.  World’s first Bio-Vacuum toilet was developed by IR and is being used in Dibrugarh-Rajdhani Express

Hence option D is the correct answer

In freshwater a fish is hypertonic to its environment, it means fish is saltier and water continuously moves into the fishes body via Osmosis. Hence Many freshwater animals cannot live for long in sea water and vice versa mainly because of Osmotic problems. So the correct answer is 'Osmotic problems'.

Hence option D is the correct answer.

Near sunrise a radiation temperature inversion best be developed.

Hence option B is the correct answer.

All are the function of root. Conduction of absorbed water and minerals occurs from roots to the other parts of the plants. Storage of food minerals, in some plants, for future needs and for vegetative propagation.

Hence option D is the correct answer.

The earth emits radiation with the greatest intensity at: infrared wavelengths.

Hence option A is the correct answer.

The word “ecology” was coined by the German scientist Ernst Haeckel in the year 1866. Ancient Greek philosophers like Hippocrates and Aristotle laid the foundations of ecology in their studies on natural history.

Hence option B is the correct answer.

Minamata disease, which can induce lethal or severely debilitating mental and physical effects, was caused by methylmercury‑contaminated effluent released into Minamata Bay by Chisso, Japan's largest chemical manufacturer. It resulted in widespread suffering among those who unknowingly ate the contaminated fish.

Hence option B is the correct answer.

Dangers. Malaria and dengue are among the main dangers of stagnant water, which can become a breeding ground for the mosquitoes that transmit these diseases. Stagnant water can be dangerous for drinking because it provides a better incubator than running water for many kinds of bacteria and parasites.

Hence option C is the correct answer.

Its headquarters are in Gland, Switzerland. IUCN has observer and consultative status at the United Nations and plays a role in the implementation of several international conventions on nature conservation and biodiversity.

Hence option A is the correct answer.

The lowest temperature is usually observed around sunrise.

Hence. The correct answer is D.

If a glass of water were surrounded by saturated air the level of the water in the glass would not change.

Hence. The correct answer is C.

Climate is the long-term pattern of weather in a particular area. Weather can change from hour-to-hour, day-to-day, month-to-month or even year-to-year.

Hence. The correct answer is B.

Wildlife week is celebrated all over the country in the month of October from 2nd to 8th every year with the view to preserve the fauna, i.e., the animal life of the India.

Hence. The correct answer is A.

Sedimentation is the tendency for particles in suspension to settle out of the fluid in which they are entrained and come to rest against a barrier. This is due to their motion through the fluid in response to the forces acting on them: these forces can be due to gravity, centrifugal acceleration, or electromagnetism.

Hence. The correct answer is A.

The units of measure for radioactivity are the curie (Ci) and becquerel (Bq). Exposure describes the amount of radiation traveling through the air. Many radiation monitors measure exposure. The units for exposure are the roentgen (R) and coulomb/kilogram (C/kg).

Hence. The correct answer is D.

Chlorine and nitrogen are most harmful to ozone depletion.

• Nitrogen and chlorine molecules reverse the impact of each other on ozone - the more chlorine there is, the less powerful nitrogen becomes at destroying ozone, and vice versa.
• The ozone layer protects Earth from the sun's ultraviolet rays which increase the risk of cancer and endanger crops and aquatic life.
• Human-produced chemicals called chlorofluorocarbons(CFCs) attracted headlines in the 1980s when it was clear that they were chewing a hole in the ozone layer over Earth's polar regions.
• Chemicals, especially produced halocarbon refrigerants, solvents, propellants, and foam-blowing agents (chlorofluorocarbons (CFCs), HCFCs, halons) are the main cause of ozone depletion and the ozone hole.