UGC NET Paper 1 Mock Test - 8 - UGC NET MCQ

Given:

Principal (P) = Rs. 3,00,000

Time (t) = 3 years

Interest rate (r) = 8% per annum compounded annually

Formula Used:

Compound Interest (A) = P × (1 + r/100)^t

Solution:

⇒ A = Rs. 3,00,000 × (1 + 8/100)³

⇒ A = Rs. 3,00,000 × (1.08)³

⇒ A = Rs. 3,00,000 × 1.259712

⇒ A = Rs. 3,77,913.60

Therefore, the final amount after 3 years will be Rs. 3,77,913.60.

The key feature of the educational institutions set up in ancient India under Buddhism was:

3) These educational institutions were often attached to monasteries called Viharas, which became centres of learning.

Key Points

• 1) Education was not exclusive to males: While there might have been fewer opportunities for females compared to males, some Buddhist institutions accepted female students, a relatively progressive stance for the time.
• ​
• 2) Rote learning and memorization were not the sole focus: While memorization of texts played a role, Buddhist education also emphasized critical thinking, debate, and ethical development.
• 4) The curriculum wasn't solely focused on fine arts: Although arts and cultural disciplines were included, Buddhist institutions primarily focused on religious studies, philosophy, logic, and other academic subjects.

Therefore, the integration of education with monasteries was the defining characteristic of educational institutions under Buddhism. Viharas provided a conducive environment for learning, housing students, teachers, and libraries, fostering a holistic educational experience.

An interview relies on the collection of data through the use of questions.

Key Points

• There are two types of Interviews:
  • Structured interviews
  • Unstructured interviews
• A structured interview is a quantitative research technique frequently used in survey research.
• Structured interviews are the most systematized type of interview.
• The interviewer uses predetermined questions in a set order.
• Structured interviews are often closed-ended.
• They can be dichotomous, which means asking participants to answer “yes” or “no” to each question, or multiple-choice.
• While open-ended structured interviews do exist, they are less common.
• Asking set questions in a set order allows you to easily compare responses between participants in a uniform context.
• It is sometimes referred to as a standardized interview.
• Tips for preparing questions for a structured interview are
  • Introductory questions should be related to the research topic.
  • Questions can be grouped if the list of questions is long.
  • Keep the language of the Question simple.
  • Avoid ambiguous question
  • Avoid Double-barrelled questions.
  • General questions should precede specific questions.

Thus, the correct answer from the options are B, C, and D Only.

Additional Information

• Unstructured interviews are typically characterized as discussions performed with the aim of gathering information for the research study.
• It is also known as in-depth interviews.

Given:

Time taken by A and B = 6 days

Time taken by A = 10 days

Formula used:

Total work = Time taken × Efficiency

Calculation:

L.C.M of (6 and 10) = 30 = Total work

Efficiency of A and B = 30/6 = 5 units/day

Efficiency of B = 30/10 = 3 units/day

Efficiency of B = (5 – 3) units/day

⇒ 2 units/day

Time taken by B = 30/2 days

⇒ 15 days

∴ B will complete the work in 15 days

Digital computers are able to solve issues by processing data in discrete forms.

Key Points

• The four fundamental functional components of a digital computer system are the Input device, Output device, Main memory and Central Processing Unit.
• Central Processing Unit is the brain of the computer.
• The Central Processing Unit have Six main Components:
  • Control unit (CU)
  • Arithmetic logic unit (ALU)
  • Registers
  • Cache
  • Buses
  • Clock
• All processing for any attached peripheral devices was likewise finished by the central processing unit.

Thus, ALU (Arithmetic-Logic Unit), CU (Control Unit) and Processor Registers are the principal components of the CPU of a computer system.

Additional Information

• Solid-State Drive is a non-volatile storage media that stores constant data on solid-state flash memory.
• VRAM (Video RAM) is RAM that is used to store image data for a computer display.

The researcher is usually interested in supporting the alternative hypothesis when he or she is engaging in hypothesis testing.

Key Points

• Hypothesis testing is a systematic procedure for deciding whether the results of a research study support a particular theory that applies to a population.
• Hypothesis testing uses sample data to evaluate a hypothesis about a population.
• Alternative hypothesis defines there is a statistically important relationship between two variables.
• The alternative hypothesis is one in which a difference between two or more variables is anticipated by the researchers.
• An alternative hypothesis is used to identify data that can disprove a null hypothesis.
• That's why researchers support the alternative hypothesis.

Additional InformationThe Null Hypothesis: The null hypothesis is a typical statistical theory that suggests that no statistical relationship and significance exists in a set of given single observed variables, between two sets of observed data and measured phenomena.

Answer: (B) Daly College, Indore

Key Points

• Daly College was founded in 1870 by Sir Henry Daly, the then-Agent General to the Governor-General of India in Central India.
• The college was established to provide a comprehensive education to the princes of Central India, preparing them for their future roles as rulers and leaders.
• Daly College offered a rigorous academic program that included subjects such as English, history, mathematics, and science.
• The college also emphasized physical education and extracurricular activities such as sports and debating.
• Daly College was known for its high standards and its commitment to providing its students with a well-rounded education.
• Some of the notable alumni of Daly College include:
  • Maharaja Ranjit Singh of Gwalior
  • Maharaja Holkar of Indore
  • Maharaja Digvijaya Singh of Bharatpur
  • Maharaja Bhopal Singh of Bhopal
• Daly College continues to operate today as a prestigious co-educational boarding school. It is one of the oldest and most respected schools in India.

The correct answer is: B. ANOVA is used to compare the means of more than two groups.

Key Points Here's why the other options are not as accurate:

• A. ANOVA is used to compare the means of two groups: While ANOVA can be used for comparing two groups, it's more powerful and commonly used for comparing three or more groups.
• C. ANOVA is used to determine the correlation between two variables: ANOVA focuses on comparing means, while correlation analysis assesses the relationship between two variables.
• D. ANOVA is used to determine the interaction effect between dependent variables: While ANOVA can examine interaction effects, its primary purpose is still to compare main effects (individual effects of each independent variable) on the dependent variable.

Therefore, the ability to compare the means of multiple groups is the most accurate and general description of ANOVA's purpose in research.

Here are some additional points to remember about ANOVA:

• It's a parametric test, meaning it assumes the data follows a normal distribution.
• It uses F-statistics to determine whether the differences between group means are statistically significant.
• There are different types of ANOVA, such as one-way ANOVA (comparing one independent variable) and two-way ANOVA (comparing two independent variables).

Here, we use the table given below:

Logic: Addition of (3) in all letter's position values.
'ABUSE' is written as 'DEXVH' →

'CANDY' is written as 'FDQGB' →

Similarly, 'DESERT' will be written as:

Here, 'DESERT' is written as 'GHVHUW'.
Hence, the correct answer is "Option (3)".

Given:
The marked price = 80% above its cost price.
Discount = 48%
Concept used:
SP = CP + profit
Profit is calculated on the cost price and discount on the market price.
Calculation:
Let the CP is = 100
The market price is = 180
The selling price will be,
⇒ 180 × 52/100 = 93.60
The loss percentage will be,
⇒ 100 - 93.60
⇒ 6 2/5 %
∴ The correct option is 3

The development and implementation of Integrated Circuits (ICs) was a primary characteristic of the c) Third Generation of computers.

Key Points

• First Generation (1946-1955): These computers used bulky vacuum tubes and had limited capabilities.
• Second Generation (1955-1964): Transistors replaced vacuum tubes, making computers smaller and faster. However, ICs were still in their early stages of development.
• Third Generation (1964-1971): The invention and widespread use of ICs marked a significant shift in computer technology. ICs miniaturized circuitry and increased computational power while reducing costs.
• Fourth Generation (1971-Present): This generation is characterized by the development of microprocessors, single-chip ICs containing the entire CPU. However, the foundation was laid by the widespread adoption of ICs in the third generation.

Therefore, while advancements in IC technology continued throughout all generations, their introduction and impact as a defining characteristic of computer architecture occurred during the Third Generation.

National Council for Teacher Education (NCTE)

• Established in May 1973 to advise central and state governments on all matters related to teacher education.
• Its aim is to achieve planned and coordinated development throughout the country along with the regulation and proper maintenance of norms and standards in the teacher education system.
• It covers the whole gamut of teacher education programs including research and training of persons for equipping them to teach at pre-primary, primary, secondary, and senior secondary stages in schools, and non-formal education, part-time education, adult education, and distance (correspondence) education courses.

Bar Council of India (BCI)

• It performs the regulatory function by prescribing standards of professional conduct and etiquette and by exercising disciplinary jurisdiction over the bar.
• It sets standards for legal education and grants recognition to Universities whose degree in law will serve as qualification for enrolment as an advocate.
• It constitutes funds for financial assistance to organize welfare schemes for poor, disabled, or other advocates, legal aid, and establishing law libraries.

Rehabilitation Council of India (RCI)

• It regulates the training policies and programs in the field of rehabilitation of persons with disabilities.
• It brings about the standardization of training courses for professionals dealing with persons with disabilities.
• It prescribes minimum standards of education and training of various categories of professionals/ personnel dealing with people with disabilities.
• It promotes research in Rehabilitation and Special Education.
• It collects information on a regular basis on education and training in the field of rehabilitation of people with disabilities from institutions in India and abroad.
• It prescribes punitive action against unqualified persons delivering services to persons with disabilities.

National Assessment and Accreditation Council (NAAC)

• It is an autonomous (Unstatutory body) of the University Grant Commission.
• It conducts assessment and accreditation of Higher Educational Institutions (HEI) such as colleges, universities, or other recognized institutions to derive an understanding of the ‘Quality Status’ of the institution.
• It evaluates the institutions for its conformance to the standards of quality in terms of its performance related to the educational processes and outcomes, curriculum coverage, teaching-learning processes, faculty, research, infrastructure, learning resources, organization, governance, financial well being and student services.
• Its aim is to make quality the defining element of higher education in India through a combination of self and external quality evaluation, promotion and sustenance initiatives

Assertion and reasoning-type questions have one assertion (A) and one reason (R). We must first determine whether the statement is true. If the statement is true, we must next determine whether the reason correctly explains the assertion.

First, we will consider the statement of Assertion:

To communicate well in the classroom is not only a natural ability. Classroom communication can be enhanced by using various strategies like the use of charts, audio-visual aids, etc. Every individual has a unique set of communication skills that are learned.

Hence, the statement provided in the assertion is false.

Now we will consider the statement of Reason:

The communication in the classroom is affected by various factors such as noise, environment, and other disturbances. Proper understanding of the communication process is the key to effective communication in the classroom as it helps to modify and use communication aids efficiently. It is also important that teachers should be up to date with all the latest teaching aids like computers, video conferencing, and especially the use of the internet. This will also help the students to keep up their interest in the learning process.

Hence, the statement provided in the reason is true.

Hence, for the above-mentioned reason, it could be concluded that the assertion is false but the reason is true.

Given:
Speed of train = 15 m/s
The length of train = 200 metres
And length of bridge = 520 metres
Calculation:
Total distance covered while passing bridge = 200 + 520 = 720 metres
Speed = Distance/Time
Time = Distance/Speed = 720/15 = 48 seconds
∴ The time taken by him to cross a bridge 520 m long is 48 (in seconds).

Indian Higher Education System

India ranks on 3rd in providing the higher education system in the world and comes after the USA and China.

• In India, the system depends on whether the universities are centrally funded through the UGC, or by the states. Governments met 80 % of expenditure in 1992 against 40 % in 1947.
• The universities have had to forgo considerable autonomy for increased state funding.
• Some notable features of financial management of Indian higher education are the lack of proper norms and standards for staff and infrastructure, arbitrary cuts in funds for books, laboratories, and equipment, excessive spending on non-teaching staff, continuing shortage of faculty, ineffective leadership with lopsided priorities and mediocrity in the quality of education barring a few notable islands of excellence.

USA Higher Education System

Contemporary western influence, particularly that of the USA, is perhaps of major importance in many developing nations, with adapted patterns of academic and curricular organization. It has number one in having the largest Higher Education System in the World. Certain other common features of university life in these countries are:

• The instructional medium and the language for research in the universities and other higher education institutes still remains a foreign language, and many of the faculty have been trained outside the country. This is a prime issue of concern in most developing nations, except the major part of Latin America.
• The academic infrastructure is inadequate to support the network of intellectual communication necessary to stimulate a full range of scholarly activity.
• The universities seldom have enough funds for research; the governments are usually required to spend first on immediate development rather than on less tangible research work.

China Higher Education System

In China, power is still concentrated in the central government, which allocates resources; controls teaching plans appoints staff, and awards grants to students. China has the second-largest in providing higher education in the world.

• The 1986 Regulations laid down norms for size and quality of staff, classroom space, and books per student. During the last decade, as part of its economic reform measures, the Chinese state redefined its role as a sharing of responsibilities between the center and local levels.
• The center lays down principles, carries out macro planning, and evaluates quality; the institutions look after course introduction and revision, admissions, research fund utilization, staff appointment, and general management.
• The key administrators are under party guidance and the staff is appointed by the state. Institutions may take in fee-paying students within the quotas allotted to them.
• Despite certain technical institutions earning from research and training contracts, and the like, the major problem of high unit cost still remains. Improvements through broadening educational programs and organizing institutional networks to share facilities have been attempted, but have had no major impact on costs.

Hence, we conclude that India has the largest Higher Education System in the World after the USA and China.

Calculation
CPs of articles A, D and E are Rs. 300, Rs. 200 and Rs. 400 respectively.
So, CP of article C = (4 * 350) – 300 – 200 – 400 = Rs. 500
MP of article C = 500 + 60 = Rs. 560
And SP of article C = 100.8% of 500 = Rs. 504
Discount percent on MP of article C = [(560 – 504)/560] * 100 = 10%
Since, the discount per cent on MP of article D = 5%
So, required ratio = 10: 5 = 2: 1

Calculation
CP of article D = Rs. 200
So, SP of article D = 104.5% of 200 = Rs. 209
MP of article D = 209 × (100/95) = Rs. 220
So, marked-up amount of article D = 220 – 200 = Rs. 20
Since marked up the amount of article B = Rs. 40
Marked up the amount of article C = Rs. 60
And marked up amount of article E = Rs. 60
So, required average = (40 + 60 + 20 + 60)/4 = Rs. 45

Calculation
CP of article A = Rs.300
So, SP of article A = 114% of 300 = Rs.342
And MP of article A = 342 * (100/95) = Rs.360
Since the ratio of MP of article A to that of article B is 3: 7.
So, MP of article B = 360 * (7/3) = Rs.840
CP of article B = 840 – 40 = Rs.800

Correlational Research in educational psychology:

• In research, we often wish to determine the relationship between two variables for prediction purposes.
• For example, you may be interested in knowing whether “the amount of study time” is related to the “student’s academic achievement”. you simply find out the relationship between the two variables to determine whether they are associated, or covary or not.
• The strength and direction of the relationship between the two variables are represented by a number, known as the correlation coefficient.

Correlation coefficient:

• Its value can range from +1.0 through 0.0 to –1.0.
• The coefficient of correlation is of three types: positive, negative, and zero.
  1. A positive correlation
     • It indicates that as the value of one variable (X) increases, the value of the other variable (Y) will also increase.
     • Similarly, when variable X decreases, a decrease in Y too will take place.
     • Suppose, it is found that the more time the students spend on studying, the higher was their achievement score. Also, the less they studied, the lower was their achievement score. This type of association will be indicated by a positive number, and the stronger the association between studying and achievement, the closer the number would be to +1.0.
     • A correlation of + 0.85, indicating a strong positive association between study time and achievement. On the other hand,
  2. a negative correlation
     • It tells us that as the value of one variable (X) increases, the value of the other (Y) decreases.
     • For example, you may hypothesize that as the hours of study time increase, the number of hours spent on other activities will decrease. Here, you are expecting a negative correlation, ranging between 0 and –1.0.
  3. zero correlation:
     • It is also possible that sometimes no correlation may exist between the two variables. This is called a zero correlation.
     • Generally, it is difficult to find zero correlation but the correlations found may be close to zero, e.g., -.02 or +.03.
     • This indicates that no significant relationship exists between two variables or the two variables are unrelated.

Hence, An investigator obtained a correlation coefficient of +0.65 between two variables. The other investigator obtained a correlation coefficient of -0.65 between the same variables. Both indicate the same degree of the relationship if one variable decreases then the other variable increases.

The diagram for the given problem is:

The shortest distance between M and N is MO + ON
From Pythagoras theorem:
MN² = MC² + CN²
 


MN² = √2500
MN = 50
Therefore, M and N are 50 km away from each other
.Hence, '50 km' is the correct answer.

Key Points
SUMIF Function in Excel:
The SUMIF function in Excel is used to sum the values in a range that meet a certain criterion. The criteria can be a number, text, or a cell reference. The syntax for the SUMIF function is:
=SUMIF(range,criteria,[sum_range])

• range is the range of cells that you want to sum.
• criteria is the criteria that you want to use to filter the values.
• sum_range is the optional range of cells that you want to sum. If you omit this argument, the SUMIF function will sum the values in the same range as the criteria.

Important Points
The formula given below is entered in cell D2-
SUMIF(B2:B6, "Sunny", C2:C6)

In the given spreadsheet, the formula SUMIF(B2:B6, "Sunny", C2:C6) is used to sum the temperatures on sunny days.
The result is :

Conclusion:

• Monday (B2): The weather is "Sunny" and the temperature is 30.
• Tuesday (B3): The weather is "Windy" and the temperature is 20.
• Wednesday (B4): The weather is "Sunny" and the temperature is 25.
• Thursday (B5): The weather is "Windy" and the temperature is 15.
• Friday (B6): The weather is "Sunny" and the temperature is 30.

So, the formula SUMIF(B2:B6, "Sunny", C2:C6) will return 85, as the total temperature on sunny days is 85.

The correct answer is 1, 2 and 3.

• In News:
  • ​Recently, the World Heritage Institute of Training and Research – Asia Pacific (WHITR-AP) has recognised CEPT (Centre for Environmental Planning and Technology, Gujarat) University’s programme in conservation and regeneration as a commended case of Global Innovation on World Heritage Education.

Key Points

• World Heritage Institute of Training and Research – Asia Pacific (WHITR-AP):
  • The WHITR-AP is a non-profit organization specialized in the area of heritage conservation. Hence, statement 1 is correct.
  • It is an institute under the auspices of UNESCO, it is the first one established in developing countries. Hence, statement 2 is correct.
  • It is an autonomous institution at the service of member states and associate members of UNESCO.
• Aim:
  • To strengthen implementation of the World Heritage Convention 1972 in Asia and the Pacific region. Hence, statement 3 is correct.
• World Heritage Convention:
  • It is one of the most important global conservation instruments which was created in 1972.
  • Its mission is to identify and protect the world's natural and cultural heritage considered to be of Outstanding Universal Value.
  • It sets out the duties of States Parties in identifying potential sites and their role in protecting and preserving them.
  • By signing the Convention, each country pledges to conserve not only the World Heritage sites situated on its territory, but also to protect its national heritage.

The correct answer is 'The COVID-19 pandemic'.
Key Points

• The passage highlights the COVID-19 pandemic's role in underlining the importance of mental health: "In particular, the COVID-19 pandemic has graphically highlighted the importance of mental health."
• The social isolation, pervasive fear of infection, and economic uncertainties heightened during the pandemic elevated global stress and anxiety levels.
• The pandemic prompted a collective realization that mental health must be taken seriously and should not be undermined in public health and social discourse.

Therefore, the correct answer is 'Option 3'.

The correct answer is 'Promoting mental wellbeing from an early age is recommended'.
Key Points

• The passage emphasizes that one of the strategies for combating mental health disorders includes "promoting mental wellbeing from an early age."
• The passage implies this strategy's effectiveness, shaping our understanding of mental health and arming individuals with coping tools from a young age.
• This promotes a healthier mental environment in the long run by addressing issues at their onset.

Therefore, the correct answer is 'Option 4'.

Measurement is the process of assigning numbers to objects and events in accordance with a set of rules. To grasp the full impact of measurement, it is important to understand the concept of a measurement scale. There are several different kinds of scales: nominal, ordinal, interval, and ratio.
Scales of Measurement:
1) Nominal (Label or category):

• With a nominal scale, numbers are assigned to objects or events simply for identification purposes.
• For example, participants in various sports have numbers on their jerseys that quickly allow spectators, referees, and commentators to identify them. This identification is the sole purpose of the numbers.
• Labeling or naming allows us to make qualitative distinctions or to categorize and then count the frequency of persons, objects, or things in each category.

2) Ordinal (Rank order):
An ordinal scale allows us to rank-order events.
Original numbers are assigned to the order, such as first, second, third, and so on.

• For example, grades such as “A,” “B,” “C,” “D,” and “F”; scores are given in terms of high, medium, and low; birth order in terms of firstborn, second-born, or later-born; a list of examination scores from highest to lowest; a list of job candidates ranked from high to low; and a list of the ten best-dressed persons.
• For example, a researcher may pose a question to a teacher as follows:
  
  • Although most psychological scales are probably ordinal, psychologists assume that many of the scales have equal intervals and act accordingly.
  • The difference in the level of aggression between a score of 1 and a score of 2 is about the same as the difference in the level of aggression between a score of 2 and a score of 3, and so on.
  • Many researchers believe that these scales do approximate equality of intervals reasonably well, and it is unlikely that this assumption will lead to serious difficulties in interpreting our findings.

3) Interval (Rank order + Equal Intervals):

• When we can specify both the order of events and the distance between events, we have an interval scale.
• The distance between any two intervals on this type of scale is equal throughout the scale.
• The central shortcoming of an interval scale is its lack of an absolute zero point—a location where the user 5 - 8 can say that there is a complete absence of the variable being measured. This type of scale often has an arbitrary zero point, sometimes called an anchor point.
• For example,
  • scores on intelligence tests are considered to be on an interval scale.
  • With intelligence test scores, the anchor point is set at a mean IQ value of 100 with a standard deviation (SD) of 15.
  • A score of 115 is just as far above the mean (one SD) as a score of 85 is below the mean (one SD). Because we have a relative zero point and not an absolute one, we cannot say that a person with an IQ of 120 is twice as intelligent as a person with an IQ of 60. It is simply not meant to do so.
• Some additional examples of interval scales are both the centigrade and Fahrenheit scales of temperature, altitude (zero is sea level rather than the center of the earth), and scores on a depression scale or an anxiety scale.

4) Ratio (Rank order + Equal Intervals + Absolute zero)

• A ratio scale has a number of properties that the others do not. With ratio scales, we can identify rank order, equal intervals, and equal ratios—two times as much, one-half as much.
• Ratios can be determined because the zero points are absolute, a true anchor—the complete absence of a property.
• Zero weight or height means the complete absence of weight or height. A 100-pound person has one-half the weight of a 200-pound person and twice the weight of a 50-pound person. We can say these things because we know that the starting points for these dimensions or measures are 0.
• For example, you might measure a child’s aggressive behavior by counting the number of times that the child inflicts physical harm on another person during a one-week observation period. Clearly, 10 incidents would be twice as many as 5, and 0 incidents would represent the absence of the variable you are measuring.

Frequency counts that represent the number of times that a particular event occurred are a common example of measurement on a ratio scale. But be careful not to confuse this use of frequency with the use of frequency as a summary statistic for data measured on a nominal scale (how many times observations fit a particular category).
Decision tree to determine the appropriate scale of measurement:

Hence, the Nominal < ordinal < interval < ratio is the correct order of measurement scales in increasing order of accuracy, precision, and the number of operations used.
The distinction among scales becomes of particular importance when we conduct statistical analyses of data. Underlying statistical tests are various
assumptions, including those relating to the scale of measurement. In other words, the scale of measurement for a variable can determine the most appropriate type of statistical analysis of the data.

Calculation:

Initially acid is 60% in that mixture, so, Acid : Water = 3 : 2

After acid added, water becomes 25%, now, Acid : Water = 3 : 1

Here we see, no water is added, we have to do equal water unit in both the ratio,

Here, (3 + 2) = 5 unit → 10 litre, then acid added 3 unit → 10/5 × 3 = 6 L

∴ The correct answer is 6 L

The correct response is that Indian citizens who sign up for a Digilocker account get a dedicated cloud storage space that is limited to their Aadhar number.
Key Points

• Aadhaar is mandatory for signing up for a Digilocker account, but it doesn't determine the storage space.
• Every registered user gets 1 GB of dedicated cloud storage irrespective of whether their Aadhaar is linked or not.

Additional Information

• Prime Minister Narendra Modi announced the service's launch on July 1 after the beta version went live in February 2015.

National Education Policy 2020 (NEP 2020) features:

• The NEP 2020 is the first education policy of the 21st century and replaces the National Policy on Education (NPE), 1986.
• It aims to Ensure Universal Access at All Levels of schooling from pre-primary school to Grade 12;
• Ensuring quality early childhood care and education for all children between 3-6 years;
• New Curricular and Pedagogical Structure (5+3+3+4);
• Setting up of a new National Assessment Centre, PARAKH (Performance Assessment, Review, and Analysis of Knowledge for Holistic Development);
• NEP recommends setting an Indian Institute of Translation and Interpretation (IITI), National Institute (or Institutes) for Pali, Persian and Prakrit, strengthening of Sanskrit and all language departments in HEIs, and use mother tongue/local language as a medium of instruction in more HEI programs.
• Setting up of State School Standards Authority (SSSA) for Transparent public self-disclosure of all the basic regulatory information, as laid down by the SSSA, will be used extensively for public oversight and accountability.

Therefore we conclude that NEP-2020 proposes to establish SSSA, PARAKH, and IITI.

Additional Information

National Testing Agency

• It is an Indian government agency that has been approved by the Union Council of Ministers and established in November 2017 to conduct entrance examinations for educational institutions

NITI Aayog:

• It is the apex and advisory and nonstatutory public policy think tank of the Government of India.
• It replaced the erstwhile Planning Commission on 1st January 2015
• It's emphasis is on the ‘Bottom–Up’ approach to envisage the vision of Maximum Governance, Minimum Government, echoing the spirit of ‘Cooperative Federalism

Therefore we conclude that the correct answer is (A), (B), (C) only

Given:-
An 1800 m long train is running at the speed of 30 km/hr.
The train passes a signal pole near the railway line.
Formula used:-
1 km = 1000 m,
1 hr = 3,600 seconds (s)
Time = Distance/Speed
Calculation:-
Length of train = Distance covered in passing the pole = 1800 m
Speed of train = 30 km/hr
⇒ Speed of train = (30 × 1000)/(1 × 3,600) m/s
⇒ Speed of train = 25/3 m/s
Time = Distance covered by train in passing the pole/Speed of train
⇒ 1800/(25/3) seconds
⇒ 216 seconds
∴ The required answer is 216.

SWAYAM Prabha is an initiative of the Ministry of Human Resources Development to provide High-Quality Educational Channels through DTH (Direct to Home).

Key PointsStatement I: The SWAYAM PRABHA has new content every day for at least 5 hours which would be repeated 4 more times in a day.

• SWAYAM PRABHA is an effective tool for learning for those who do not have internet access in their home.
• It is a group of 34 DTH channels devoted to telecasting high-quality educational programs on a 24X7 basis using the GSAT-15 satellite.
• The SWAYAM PRABHA has new content every day for at least (4) hours which would be repeated 5 more times in a day, allowing the students to choose the time of their convenience.

Hence Statement I is false.

Statement II: The SWAYAM PRABHA has content that allows the students to choose the time of their convenience.

• SWAYAM PRABHA has curriculum-based course content covering diverse disciplines. This is primarily aimed at making quality learning resources accessible to remote areas where internet availability is still a challenge
• ​Every day, there will be new content for at least (4) hours which would be repeated 5 more times a day, allowing the students to choose the time of their convenience.
• The channels are uplinked from BISAG, Gandhinagar
• The contents are provided by NPTEL, IITs, UGC, CEC, and IGNOU.
• The INFLIBNET Centre maintains the web portal.

Hence Statement II is correct.

Thus we conclude that Statement I is false but Statement II is true.