Unveil India - 1 - SSC CHSL MCQ

Population of India
India is the second most populous country in the world, and its population is constantly growing. As of 2021, the population of India is estimated to be more than 1.2 billion people. Let's break down the details:
Factors influencing India's population:
- Birth rate: India has a high birth rate, contributing to population growth.
- Fertility rate: The fertility rate in India is above the replacement level, leading to a growing population.
- Life expectancy: Improvements in healthcare and living conditions have increased life expectancy, allowing for a larger population.
- Immigration: While immigration is not a significant factor in India's population growth, it can contribute to some extent.
Implications of India's population:
- Challenges: The rapid population growth presents various challenges, such as providing basic amenities, healthcare, education, and employment opportunities to such a vast number of people.
- Demographic dividend: India's young population can be seen as a demographic dividend if properly utilized, with a potential workforce for economic growth.
Conclusion:
India's population is more than 1.2 billion people and continues to grow. The country faces both challenges and opportunities due to its large population.

Origin of the motto 'Satyamev Jayate'

The motto 'Satyamev Jayate' belongs to the Sanskrit language.

Explanation

The phrase 'Satyamev Jayate' is derived from the ancient Indian scripture, the Mundaka Upanishad. The Upanishads are a collection of philosophical texts that form the basis of Hindu philosophy.

In the Mundaka Upanishad, the phrase 'Satyamev Jayate' is mentioned in a mantra (verse) that translates to 'Truth alone triumphs' in English. The mantra emphasizes the importance of truth and righteousness.

The motto has been adopted as the national motto of India and is inscribed in the emblem of the country. It signifies the values of honesty, integrity, and the pursuit of truth.

Significance

The motto 'Satyamev Jayate' holds great significance in Indian culture and society. It serves as a reminder to individuals and the nation as a whole to uphold the principles of truth and righteousness.

It encourages individuals to always choose the path of truth, even in the face of challenges and adversity. It promotes honesty, transparency, and ethical behavior in all aspects of life.

The motto also reflects India's commitment to justice and equality, as truth is seen as the foundation for a just society.

Overall, the motto 'Satyamev Jayate' represents the essence of Indian values and serves as a guiding principle for individuals and the nation to strive for truth and righteousness.

Date of the First Performance of 'Jana Gana Mana'
Answer: D. 27th December 1911
Explanation:
The national anthem of India, 'Jana Gana Mana', was sung for the first time on 27th December 1911. Here is a detailed explanation:
- 'Jana Gana Mana' was composed by Rabindranath Tagore in Bengali and was originally written as a poem in 1911.
- The first public performance of 'Jana Gana Mana' took place at the Calcutta Session of the Indian National Congress on 27th December 1911.
- The poem was sung by a choir of the Brahmo Samaj, a religious and social reform movement in India, led by Rabindranath Tagore himself.
- The performance marked a significant moment in the Indian independence movement, as it was the first time the poem was sung publicly and gained recognition as a patriotic song.
- Over the years, 'Jana Gana Mana' gained popularity and was eventually adopted as the national anthem of India on 24th January 1950, when the Indian Constitution came into effect.
- The national anthem is sung on various occasions, including Independence Day, Republic Day, and other national events, to evoke a sense of national pride and unity among the citizens of India.
So, the correct answer is D. 27th December 1911.

Duration of Formal Rendition of National Anthem:
The duration of the formal rendition of our National Anthem is 52 seconds.
Explanation:
The National Anthem of a country is a symbol of its identity and pride. In the case of India, our National Anthem is the song "Jana Gana Mana", composed by Rabindranath Tagore.
The duration of the formal rendition of our National Anthem is precisely 52 seconds. This means that when it is sung or played in its original form, it should be completed within this time frame.
Reasoning:
The duration of 52 seconds for the formal rendition of our National Anthem is based on several factors, including musical composition, tempo, and the need for uniformity during public events.
- Musical Composition: The composition of the National Anthem is structured in a way that allows it to be sung or played within a specific duration. The arrangement of the notes, rhythm, and lyrics contribute to this timing.
- Tempo: The tempo, or speed, at which the National Anthem is performed also affects its duration. The prescribed tempo for the National Anthem is set to ensure that it can be completed within 52 seconds.
- Uniformity: The duration of 52 seconds is important to maintain uniformity during public events where the National Anthem is performed. This allows for consistency and synchronization among performers and participants.
Conclusion:
In conclusion, the formal rendition of our National Anthem, "Jana Gana Mana", should be completed within 52 seconds. This duration is determined by the musical composition, tempo, and the need for uniformity during public events.

Introduction:
The National Anthem of India, "Jana Gana Mana," was originally written in Sanskritised Bengali by Rabindra Nath Tagore. However, it was later translated into Hindi by Abid Ali.
Details:
Here is a detailed explanation of the translation of the National Anthem in Hindi by Abid Ali:
1. Rabindra Nath Tagore:
- Rabindra Nath Tagore, a renowned poet, musician, and artist, composed the National Anthem of India, "Jana Gana Mana."
- He wrote the original version in Sanskritised Bengali.
2. Abid Ali:
- Abid Ali, a prominent Hindi poet, was assigned the task of translating the National Anthem into Hindi.
- His translation skills were recognized by the Indian government, and he was given the responsibility to translate the anthem.
3. Translation process:
- Abid Ali carefully translated the lyrics of the National Anthem from Bengali to Hindi.
- He ensured that the essence and meaning of the original version were preserved in the Hindi translation.
4. Importance of the Hindi translation:
- India is a diverse country with multiple languages spoken across its states.
- Translating the National Anthem into Hindi helped to make it accessible and meaningful to a wider audience.
- Hindi being one of the official languages of India, the translation allowed people from different regions to connect with the anthem.
Conclusion:
The National Anthem of India, originally written in Sanskritised Bengali by Rabindra Nath Tagore, was translated into Hindi by Abid Ali. This translation played a significant role in making the anthem accessible and meaningful to people across India.

Introduction: Our National Anthem is an important symbol of our nation's identity and pride. It represents the unity and diversity of India. In this response, we will discuss the date on which our National Anthem was adopted.
Date of Adoption:
- The National Anthem of India, "Jana Gana Mana," was adopted on 24 January 1950.
Explanation:
- The song "Jana Gana Mana" was originally written by Rabindranath Tagore in Bengali and was first sung in December 1911.
- It was later adopted as the National Anthem of India by the Constituent Assembly of India on 24 January 1950, the same day when the Indian Constitution came into effect.
- The adoption of the National Anthem was a significant moment in the history of India as it symbolized the formal recognition of India as a sovereign republic.
- "Jana Gana Mana" is a powerful composition that celebrates the unity and diversity of India and is sung with great pride and respect on various occasions, including national events, school assemblies, and public gatherings.
Conclusion:
- The National Anthem of India, "Jana Gana Mana," was adopted on 24 January 1950.
- It holds a special place in the hearts of every Indian and is a reminder of our nation's rich cultural heritage and unity.

The National Language of India is a commonly asked question, and the answer is as follows:
Introduction:

India is a multilingual country with a rich linguistic diversity. While there is no national language of India, the Constitution of India recognizes two official languages at the national level - Hindi and English.
Hindi:

- Hindi is the most widely spoken language in India and is spoken by a large number of people as their first language.
- It is one of the 22 officially recognized languages of India and is the mother tongue of a significant portion of the Indian population.
English:

- English, although not a native language of India, is extensively used for official and administrative purposes.
- It serves as a subsidiary official language and is widely spoken and understood across the country.
- English is also the medium of instruction in many educational institutions.
Hinglish:

- Hinglish is a term used to describe the blend of Hindi and English languages, commonly used in informal conversations and popular culture.
- However, Hinglish is not recognized as a national language of India.
Conclusion:

To sum up, while Hindi and English are the two official languages recognized at the national level in India, there is no designated national language. The linguistic diversity of India is celebrated, and various regional languages are also given official status in different states.

Founder of Indian National Congress: Allan Octavian Hume

• Allan Octavian Hume: Allan Octavian Hume, a British civil servant, is considered the founder of the Indian National Congress.

Background:

• Indian National Congress (INC): The Indian National Congress was founded on December 28, 1885, with the objective of voicing the concerns and demands of the Indian people under British rule.


• Concerns and Demands: The INC aimed to address issues such as civil rights, economic development, and political representation for Indians.

Role of Allan Octavian Hume:

• Motivation: Allan Octavian Hume, a retired British civil servant, believed that a political platform was necessary for Indians to voice their grievances and work towards national progress.


• Formation of INC: Hume played a crucial role in the formation of the Indian National Congress by bringing together prominent Indian leaders and organizing the first session in Bombay (now Mumbai).


• First President: The first session of the INC was held on December 28, 1885, and Womesh Chunder Bonnerjee was elected as the first president.


• Hume's Involvement: Hume served as the General Secretary of the Indian National Congress in the initial years and provided organizational support and guidance.

Importance of Indian National Congress:

• Platform for Indian Voices: The Indian National Congress provided a platform for Indian leaders to discuss and address the issues faced by the Indian population.


• Struggle for Independence: The INC played a significant role in the struggle for India's independence, mobilizing people and advocating for self-governance.


• Evolution: Over the years, the Indian National Congress evolved into a major political party and continues to be a prominent force in Indian politics.

In conclusion, Allan Octavian Hume, a British civil servant, is credited as the founder of the Indian National Congress. He played a crucial role in bringing together Indian leaders and organizing the first session of the INC. The Indian National Congress provided a platform for Indians to voice their concerns and played a significant role in the struggle for independence.

Indian National Congress: Founding Year
The Indian National Congress, one of the oldest and largest political parties in India, was founded in the year 1885.
Explanation:
The Indian National Congress was founded with the aim of seeking greater representation for Indians in the British administration. Here is a detailed explanation of its founding:
1. Background:
- The Indian National Congress was born during the British colonial rule in India.
- The British had established their control over India through the East India Company in the 18th century.
2. Factors leading to the formation:
- The Indian National Congress was formed in response to the growing political consciousness and desire for self-governance among Indians.
- Factors like economic exploitation, racial discrimination, and lack of Indian representation in the decision-making process fueled the demand for a political platform.
3. Formation of the Indian National Congress:
- The first session of the Indian National Congress was held from 28th to 31st December 1885 in Bombay (now Mumbai).
- A.O. Hume, a retired British civil servant, played a crucial role in its formation.
- Seventy-two delegates from different parts of India participated in the first session.
4. Initial objectives:
- The aims of the Indian National Congress were to voice the grievances of the Indian people, promote their political rights, and work towards self-rule.
- Initially, the Congress leaders focused on constitutional methods, petitions, and negotiations with the British authorities.
5. Evolution and Contribution:
- Over the years, the Indian National Congress became the principal platform for the Indian independence movement.
- It played a significant role in bringing together leaders from different regions, religions, and communities to fight for independence.
- The Congress organized various movements and campaigns, including non-cooperation and civil disobedience, to challenge British rule.
6. Post-independence era:
- After India gained independence in 1947, the Indian National Congress became the dominant political party.
- It has since played a major role in shaping India's political landscape and has governed the country for several terms.
In conclusion, the Indian National Congress was founded in 1885 as a response to the need for greater representation and self-governance for Indians under British colonial rule. It has since played a significant role in India's struggle for independence and post-independence governance.

Smt. Droupadi Murmu was sworn in as the 15th President of India on 25 July, 2022. Previously, she was the Governor of Jharkhand from 2015 to 2021.

Correct Answer :- a

Explanation : Bhambavli Vajrai Waterfall is the tallest waterfall of India. The height of this waterfall is 1840 ft (560m) and it falls from a straight cliff having three steps (stages). The water for waterfall comes from the river Urmodi.

Introduction:
The highest budget movie in India is a topic of interest for many cinema enthusiasts. Let's explore and find out the answer.
Answer:
The highest budget movie in India is Ra-One.
Explanation:
Here is the detailed explanation of why Ra-One is considered the highest budget movie in India:
- Budget: Ra-One had a massive budget of approximately 150 crores INR.
- Production: The film was produced by Red Chillies Entertainment, a production company owned by Bollywood superstar Shah Rukh Khan.
- Visual Effects: Ra-One was known for its extensive use of visual effects. A significant portion of the budget was allocated to creating high-quality CGI and VFX sequences.
- Star Cast: The movie featured renowned actors such as Shah Rukh Khan, Kareena Kapoor Khan, and Arjun Rampal, who commanded hefty salaries.
- Marketing: Ra-One was also heavily promoted and marketed across various platforms, including television, print, and digital media. The marketing campaign added to the overall budget of the movie.
- International Appeal: Ra-One aimed to have an international appeal and released in multiple languages, including Hindi, Tamil, and Telugu. The effort to cater to a wider audience added to the budget.
- Music: The movie had a soundtrack composed by renowned music directors Vishal-Shekhar. The production and promotion of the music also contributed to the overall budget.
Conclusion:
Considering the massive budget, extensive use of visual effects, star cast, marketing efforts, and international appeal, Ra-One holds the distinction of being the highest budget movie in India.

First Miss World from India:
The first Miss World from India is Reita Faria.
Explanation:
Reita Faria, born on August 23, 1943, in Goa, India, became the first Indian woman to win the Miss World title in 1966. Here's a breakdown of why Reita Faria is the correct answer:
- Aishwarya Rai: Aishwarya Rai, born on November 1, 1973, in Mangalore, India, won the Miss World title in 1994, which makes her the second Indian woman to win the prestigious title.
- Reita Faria: Reita Faria, a medical student, participated in the Miss World pageant in 1966 and emerged victorious, making her the first Indian woman to win the Miss World crown. She became an inspiration for many Indian women.
- Sushmita Sen: Sushmita Sen, born on November 19, 1975, in Hyderabad, India, won the Miss Universe title in 1994, not the Miss World title.
- Lara Dutta: Lara Dutta, born on April 16, 1978, in Ghaziabad, India, was crowned Miss Universe in 2000, not Miss World.
Therefore, the correct answer is B: Reita Faria, as she holds the distinction of being the first Indian woman to win the Miss World title in 1966.

Who is the first Miss Universe from India?

The first Miss Universe from India is Reita Faria.

Detailed

Reita Faria Powel, born on August 23, 1943, in Mumbai, India, is the first Indian woman to win the Miss World title. She won the crown on November 17, 1966, in London, United Kingdom. Here is a breakdown of the answer:

A. Aishwarya Rai:

• Aishwarya Rai is an Indian actress and former Miss World (1994).


• She did not win the Miss Universe title.

B. Reita Faria:

• Reita Faria Powel is the correct answer.


• She won the Miss World title in 1966, becoming the first Indian woman to achieve this feat.

C. Sushmita Sen:

• Sushmita Sen won the Miss Universe title in 1994, making her the first Indian woman to win the Miss Universe crown.


• However, she is not the first Miss Universe from India.

D. Lara Dutta:

• Lara Dutta was crowned Miss Universe in 2000, making her the second Indian woman to win the Miss Universe title.


• She is not the first Miss Universe from India.

Therefore, the correct answer is:

Answer: C. Sushmita Sen

Who is the Mrs. World from India?
There have been several Indian women who have won the title of Mrs. World over the years. The most recent winner from India is Aditi Gowitrikar. Here are some key details about her:
Aditi Gowitrikar:
- Aditi Gowitrikar is an Indian model, actress, and a physician by profession.
- She was born on May 21, 1974, in Maharashtra, India.
- Aditi Gowitrikar won the Mrs. World title in the year 2001, making her the first Indian woman to achieve this feat.
- Apart from being a successful model and actress, she is also known for her work in the field of medicine.
- Aditi has appeared in several Bollywood films and television shows, gaining popularity for her beauty and talent.
- She has also been a part of various beauty pageants and has represented India on a global platform.
Other notable Indian winners of Mrs. World:
- Apart from Aditi Gowitrikar, there have been other Indian women who have won the prestigious Mrs. World title.
- Some of the notable winners include Reita Faria (1966), Zeenat Aman (1970), and Aishwarya Rai (1994).
- These women have not only brought pride to India but have also made significant contributions to their respective fields.
Conclusion:
Aditi Gowitrikar is the most recent Indian woman to have won the Mrs. World title. Her achievements, along with other Indian winners, have made the country proud on a global stage.

Blue Star Mission is associated with the Golden Temple.
< b > Explanation: < /b >
Blue Star Mission is a project initiated by the Shiromani Gurdwara Parbandhak Committee (SGPC) to provide free medical facilities to the pilgrims visiting the Golden Temple in Amritsar, Punjab, India.
< b > Key Points: < /b >
- Blue Star Mission is associated with the Golden Temple.
- It is a project of the SGPC.
- The mission aims to provide free medical facilities to the pilgrims visiting the Golden Temple.
- The medical facilities include free check-ups, medicines, and specialized treatments for various ailments.
- Blue Star Mission operates a fully equipped medical van and a dedicated team of doctors and medical professionals.
- The mission also conducts regular medical camps and awareness programs to promote health and well-being among the pilgrims.
- The services provided by Blue Star Mission are open to people of all religions and backgrounds, reflecting the inclusive and humanitarian values of Sikhism.
- The mission plays a crucial role in ensuring the well-being and safety of the pilgrims visiting the Golden Temple.
- It serves as a testament to the Sikh community's commitment to seva (selfless service) and the principles of equality and compassion.

According to Hindu Mythology, the destroyer of the universe is Lord Shiva, also known as Mahesh. Here is a detailed explanation:
1. Lord Shiva:
- Lord Shiva is one of the most important deities in Hinduism and is considered the destroyer of the universe.
- He is a part of the Trimurti, which consists of Brahma (the creator), Vishnu (the preserver), and Shiva (the destroyer).
- Lord Shiva is also known by various other names such as Mahesh, Mahadeva, and Nataraja.
2. Role as the Destroyer:
- Lord Shiva's role as the destroyer is essential in the cycle of creation, preservation, and destruction.
- He represents the destructive aspect of the universe and is responsible for ending the cosmic cycle.
- It is believed that Lord Shiva's dance, known as the Tandava, signifies the destruction of the universe.
3. Destruction for Rebirth:
- Lord Shiva's act of destruction is not seen as negative but rather as a necessary part of the cosmic cycle.
- The destruction paves the way for rebirth and renewal, allowing for the creation of a new universe.
- Lord Shiva is often depicted as both fierce and benevolent, symbolizing the balance between destruction and creation.
4. Symbolism:
- Lord Shiva is often depicted with a third eye on his forehead, which represents his power of destruction.
- He is also associated with the crescent moon, which symbolizes the cyclical nature of time and the universe.
- The snake around his neck signifies his control over death and his ability to transcend worldly attachments.
5. Worship and Devotion:
- Lord Shiva is worshipped by millions of devotees around the world.
- Devotees believe that by seeking his blessings, they can find liberation from the cycle of birth and death.
- Maha Shivaratri, the great night of Lord Shiva, is a significant festival celebrated by Hindus to honor him.
In conclusion, according to Hindu Mythology, Lord Shiva, also known as Mahesh, is considered the destroyer of the universe. His role as the destroyer is seen as a necessary part of the cosmic cycle, allowing for rebirth and renewal. Lord Shiva's symbolism and worship hold great significance in Hinduism.

The Creator of the Universe in Hindu Mythology
According to Hindu mythology, the creator of the universe is Brahma.
Explanation:
- Hindu mythology believes in the concept of the Trimurti, which consists of three main deities: Brahma, Vishnu, and Mahesh (Shiva).
- Among these three deities, Brahma is considered the creator of the universe.
- Brahma is often depicted with four heads, each representing one of the four Vedas, the holy scriptures of Hinduism.
- Brahma is believed to have created the universe by reciting the syllable "Om", which is considered the sound of creation.
- However, it is important to note that while Brahma is the creator, he is not worshipped as extensively as Vishnu or Shiva in Hinduism.
- Vishnu is considered the preserver, responsible for maintaining the harmony and balance of the universe, while Shiva is the destroyer and transformer.
- Together, these three deities represent the cyclical nature of creation, preservation, and destruction in Hindu mythology.
Therefore, according to Hindu mythology, Brahma is believed to be the creator of the universe.

Who is the Protector of the Universe?
According to Hindu Mythology, the Protector of the Universe is Lord Vishnu.
Detailed

1. Brahma: Brahma is one of the three main deities in Hinduism, along with Vishnu and Shiva. He is considered the creator of the universe rather than the protector.


2. Vishnu: Lord Vishnu is one of the principal deities of Hinduism. He is believed to be the preserver and protector of the universe. Vishnu is often depicted with four arms and holds various symbolic objects, such as a conch shell, a mace, a lotus flower, and a discus. He is known for his various avatars, including Lord Rama and Lord Krishna.


3. Mahesh: Mahesh is another name for Lord Shiva, who is considered the destroyer and transformer in Hindu mythology. He is not specifically associated with the role of the protector of the universe.


4. None of these: This option is incorrect as Lord Vishnu is indeed regarded as the Protector of the Universe in Hindu mythology.

Therefore, the correct answer is option B: Vishnu.

Answer:
Jamshedpur:
Jamshedpur is a city located in the state of Jharkhand, India. It is named after the founder of one of the biggest companies in India.
Founder of Jamshedpur:
The person after whom Jamshedpur is named is Jamshetji Tata.
Jamshetji Tata:
Jamshetji Tata was an Indian entrepreneur and industrialist, known for founding the Tata Group. He played a major role in the development of the Indian industry and is considered one of the pioneers of Indian business.
Tata Group:
The Tata Group is a multinational conglomerate headquartered in Mumbai, India. It is one of the largest business groups in India and operates in various sectors such as steel, automobiles, telecommunications, hospitality, and more. The group was founded by Jamshetji Tata and has since grown to become a global leader in several industries.
Conclusion:
Jamshedpur is named after Jamshetji Tata, the founder of the Tata Group. His vision and entrepreneurship have played a significant role in the growth and development of the city and the Tata Group continues to be a major player in the Indian business landscape.

The Indian Premier League (IPL)
Year of Inception:
- The IPL began in the year 2008.
Background:
- The Indian Premier League is a professional Twenty20 cricket league in India.
- It was founded by the Board of Control for Cricket in India (BCCI) in 2007.
Start of the IPL:
- The first season of the IPL commenced in 2008.
- The tournament was inaugurated on April 18, 2008, with a match between Kolkata Knight Riders and Royal Challengers Bangalore.
Significance of the Year 2008:
- The year 2008 marked the beginning of a new era in Indian cricket.
- The IPL introduced a franchise-based model, attracting both domestic and international players.
- It revolutionized cricket by combining sports and entertainment, and became one of the most-watched cricket tournaments globally.
Growth and Popularity:
- Over the years, the IPL has gained immense popularity and has become a major sporting event in India.
- It has attracted top players from around the world, making it a highly competitive tournament.
- The IPL has also contributed significantly to the growth of the cricketing ecosystem in India.
Annual Event:
- The IPL is an annual event and is usually held between March and May.
- It features eight teams representing different cities in India, competing in a round-robin format.
Conclusion:
- The IPL started in the year 2008 and has since become a global phenomenon, combining cricket and entertainment.

Introduction:
The first film in Indian cinema holds historical significance and paved the way for the Indian film industry. It marked the beginning of a new era in Indian entertainment. Let us explore the details of the first film in Indian cinema.
Raja Harishchandra:
Raja Harishchandra, directed by Dadasaheb Phalke, was the first film in Indian cinema. It was a silent film that released on May 3, 1913. Here are some key points about Raja Harishchandra:
- Directed by Dadasaheb Phalke, also known as the "father of Indian cinema."
- The film was based on the life of King Harishchandra from Hindu mythology.
- It was a black-and-white silent film, as sound technology was not yet developed.
- The film was made with a budget of around Rs. 25,000.
- Phalke faced numerous challenges during the production of the film, including financial constraints and technical difficulties.
- Despite these obstacles, Raja Harishchandra became a commercial success and is considered a landmark in Indian cinema.
Impact and Legacy:
Raja Harishchandra's release had a significant impact on Indian cinema. Here are some points regarding its impact and legacy:
- It laid the foundation for the Indian film industry and inspired future filmmakers.
- Raja Harishchandra opened the doors for the production of more films in India.
- It showcased the potential of Indian cinema on a global platform.
- The success of Raja Harishchandra led to the emergence of more studios and production houses in India.
- The film industry gradually flourished, leading to the establishment of Bollywood as a prominent film industry worldwide.
Conclusion:
Raja Harishchandra holds the distinction of being the first film in Indian cinema. Directed by Dadasaheb Phalke, it marked the beginning of a new era in Indian entertainment. The film's success laid the foundation for the Indian film industry and inspired future filmmakers. Raja Harishchandra's legacy continues to influence the world of cinema, making it an important milestone in Indian cinema's history.

Indian Cinema's First Movie
Indian cinema, also known as Bollywood, has a rich history that dates back to the early 20th century. The first movie in Indian cinema was made in the year 1913. Here's a detailed explanation of the events surrounding the birth of Indian cinema:
1. The Lumière Brothers' Arrival
- In 1896, the Lumière Brothers, Auguste and Louis, showcased their cinematograph in Mumbai.
- This marked the first-ever public screening of a film in India, which became a significant moment in the history of Indian cinema.
2. Harishchandra Sakharam Bhatavdekar
- Harishchandra Sakharam Bhatavdekar, a photographer from Mumbai, is considered the pioneer of Indian cinema.
- In 1899, he made a short film titled "The Wrestlers," which is believed to be the first Indian-produced film.
- However, this film was not publicly screened, and its existence is known through written records.
3. Dadasaheb Phalke and "Raja Harishchandra"
- Dadasaheb Phalke, also known as the "Father of Indian Cinema," made his debut as a filmmaker in 1913.
- He released his first feature-length film, "Raja Harishchandra," which is considered the first Indian feature film.
- "Raja Harishchandra" was a silent film that portrayed the story of a king who sacrifices his kingdom and family for truth and justice.
- This film marked the birth of Indian cinema and paved the way for the flourishing film industry we see today.
4. Silent Era and Beyond
- Following the success of "Raja Harishchandra," the Indian film industry entered the silent era, where films were accompanied by live music and sound effects.
- Over the years, Indian cinema evolved and embraced various genres, including mythological, historical, social dramas, and musicals.
- In 1931, the first Indian talkie film, "Alam Ara," was released, marking the transition from silent films to "talkies."
- Since then, Indian cinema has grown exponentially, producing thousands of films each year and gaining international recognition.
In conclusion, Indian cinema made its first movie in the year 1913 with the release of "Raja Harishchandra" by Dadasaheb Phalke. This film marked the beginning of Indian cinema and laid the foundation for the thriving Bollywood industry we know today.

Indian Dancer who lost her leg in an accident and continued with her dancing:

The Indian dancer who lost her leg in an accident and still continued with her dancing to become an inspiration for others is Sudha Chandran.

Explanation:

Sudha Chandran is a renowned Indian classical dancer who faced a tragic accident at the age of 16. She was traveling with her family when their car met with an accident, resulting in the amputation of her right leg due to gangrene. Despite this setback, Sudha Chandran did not let her disability hinder her passion for dancing. She decided to continue her journey as a dancer and became an inspiration for millions of people.

Here are some key points about Sudha Chandran:

• Dedication: Sudha Chandran's dedication and determination to pursue her dreams of dancing even after losing her leg are commendable. She did not let her disability define her and continued to excel in her chosen art form.


• Prosthetic leg: Sudha Chandran started using a prosthetic leg, which allowed her to maintain her balance and perform intricate dance movements. She underwent rigorous training to adapt to her new circumstances.


• Achievements: Sudha Chandran has received numerous accolades and awards for her exceptional talent and contribution to the field of dance. She has performed on national and international stages, mesmerizing audiences with her grace and skill.


• Inspiration: Sudha Chandran's story serves as an inspiration for people facing challenges in their lives. She has shown that determination, perseverance, and passion can overcome any obstacle.

In conclusion, Sudha Chandran is the Indian dancer who lost her leg in an accident but continued to pursue her passion for dancing, becoming a symbol of inspiration for others.

Delhi becoming the Capital of India
Delhi became the capital of India in 1911. Here is a detailed explanation of the events leading to this important decision:
The British Raj in India
- Before India gained independence, it was under British colonial rule, known as the British Raj.
- The British established their capital in Calcutta (now Kolkata) in the early years of their rule.
- However, as the British consolidated their power and expanded their administration, they felt the need for a more centrally located capital.
The Shift to Delhi
- In 1911, King George V announced the decision to shift the capital from Calcutta to Delhi during his visit to India.
- The primary reason for this shift was to symbolize the British control and authority over the entire Indian subcontinent.
- The British architect Edwin Lutyens was entrusted with the task of designing the new capital, known as New Delhi.
- Construction began in 1912, and it took several years to complete.
Delhi as the Capital of Independent India
- After India gained independence from British rule in 1947, Delhi continued to serve as the capital of the newly formed nation.
- The Constituent Assembly of India, which was responsible for drafting the Indian Constitution, held its sessions in Delhi.
- On January 26, 1950, India officially became a republic, and Delhi remained the capital of the Republic of India.
Conclusion
Delhi became the capital of India in 1911, when the decision to shift the capital from Calcutta was made. This move was part of the British Raj's efforts to assert their authority over the Indian subcontinent. After India gained independence in 1947, Delhi continued to serve as the capital, and it remains the capital of the Republic of India to this day.