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Test: PID Controllers - Electrical Engineering (EE) MCQ


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15 Questions MCQ Test GATE Electrical Engineering (EE) Mock Test Series 2025 - Test: PID Controllers

Test: PID Controllers for Electrical Engineering (EE) 2024 is part of GATE Electrical Engineering (EE) Mock Test Series 2025 preparation. The Test: PID Controllers questions and answers have been prepared according to the Electrical Engineering (EE) exam syllabus.The Test: PID Controllers MCQs are made for Electrical Engineering (EE) 2024 Exam. Find important definitions, questions, notes, meanings, examples, exercises, MCQs and online tests for Test: PID Controllers below.
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Test: PID Controllers - Question 1

The transfer function of a PID controller is given byas ω tends to zero

Detailed Solution for Test: PID Controllers - Question 1



Test: PID Controllers - Question 2

PID controllers are tuned on the frequency response of the closed-loop system by

Detailed Solution for Test: PID Controllers - Question 2

PID controller:

PID stands for Proportional, Integral, and Derivative.

It is used to increase the stability and accuracy of the system.

The PID controller's circuit diagram is shown below:

Tuning methods:

Some of the tuning methods are mentioned below

  • Trial and Error method.
  • Process reaction curve technique
  • Ziegler-Nicholas method.

Process reaction curve:

  • It is an open-loop tuning technique.
  • It produces a response when a step input is applied to the system.
  • Initially, we have to apply some control output to the system manually and have to record the response curve.

The PID controllers are tuned by using the open-loop gain corresponding to marginal stability.

Important points:

  • PID controller acts as a Band rejection filter.
  • It reduces rise time and increases the Bandwidth.
  • It decreases peak overshoot and increases the damping ratio.
  • It works like the Lag-Lead compensator.
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Test: PID Controllers - Question 3

The magnitude plot of a rational transfer function G(s) with real coefficients is shown below. Which of the following compensators has such a magnitude plot?

Detailed Solution for Test: PID Controllers - Question 3

Test: PID Controllers - Question 4

What is the full form of PID?

Detailed Solution for Test: PID Controllers - Question 4

Proportion + Integral + Derivative (PID):

 

The PID controller produces on output, which is the combination of outputs of proportional, integral, and derivative controllers.

This is defined in terms of differential equations as:

Applying Laplace transform, we get:

Transfer function will be:

Integral control:

It is the control mode where the controller Output is proportional to the integral of the error with respect to time.

Integral controller output = k × integral of error with time, i.e.

Proportional + Derivate:

 

The additive combination of proportional & Derivative control is known as P-D control.

Overall transfer function for a PD controller is given by:

It is equivalent to a High-pass filter.

Test: PID Controllers - Question 5

Which of the following is a correct statement?

Detailed Solution for Test: PID Controllers - Question 5

Concept:
Proportional + Derivate(PD):

The additive combination of proportional & Derivative control is known as P-D control.

The overall transfer function for a PD controller is given by:

PD controller is nothing but a differentiator (or) a High Pass Filter.

The frequency of noise is very high. 

So this high pass filter will allow noise into the system which results in noise amplification. 

PD Controllers reduce the response time and thus improve transient response

Effects of Proportional Derivative (PD) controllers:

  • Decreases the type of the system by one
  • Reduces the rise time and settling time
  • It has high sensitivity.
  • Rise time and settling time decreases and Bandwidth increases
  • The speed of response is increased i.e. the transient response is improved
  • Improves gain margin, phase margin, and resonant peak
  • Increases the input noise
  • Improves the stability

Proportional Integral Controller:

This controller resembles the combination of the proportional and integral controller.

The structure of this controller is shown below:

 

This is used to decrease the steady-state error without affecting the stability of the system.

The transfer function is defined as:

Analysis:

The transfer function of the system is calculated as:

Disadvantages: Slow reaction to the disturbances.

Advantages:

  •  It provides the zero control error
  • It is insensitive to the interference of the measurement channel.
  • PI Controllers increase the type of the system and thus reduce steady-state error and improve steady state
    response
Test: PID Controllers - Question 6

Consider the following statements regarding a control system:

(a) Addition of pole to left half of s-plane reduce the relative stability

(b) Addition of zero to left half of s-plane increase the damping factor

(c) Integral controller reduces the steady state error

(d) Derivate controller cannot be used in isolation

Which of the above statements are true?

Detailed Solution for Test: PID Controllers - Question 6

(a) Addition of pole reduces stability

Consider system =

Adding Pole [say at origin]


 

(b) Addition of zero increase ξ

Consider system with Transfer function

Now add one zero to left half say at -2

(c) Integral controller adds one pole at origin

As type of system increase steady state error reduce

(d) Derivative controllers are not used Alone because with sudden changes in the system the derivative controller will compensate the output fast therefore in long term effects the isolated controller will produce huge steady state errors.

Test: PID Controllers - Question 7

Rate compensation:

Detailed Solution for Test: PID Controllers - Question 7

Damping factor is increased for reducing the oscillations and increasing the stability and speed of response which are the essential requirements of the control system and damping factor is increased by the rate compensation.

Test: PID Controllers - Question 8

Lag-lead compensation is a:

Detailed Solution for Test: PID Controllers - Question 8

Lag-Lead compensation is a second order control system which has lead and lag compensation both and thus has combined effect of both lead and lag compensation this is obtained by the differential equation.

Test: PID Controllers - Question 9

Lead compensation leads to:

Detailed Solution for Test: PID Controllers - Question 9

High pass filter is similar to the phase lead compensation and leads to increase in bandwidth and also increase in speed of response.

Test: PID Controllers - Question 10

Lag compensation leads to:

Detailed Solution for Test: PID Controllers - Question 10

Phase compensation can be lead, lag or lead lag compensation and integral compensation is also known as lag compensation and leads to attenuation which has least effect on the speed but the accuracy is increased.

Test: PID Controllers - Question 11

Derivative error compensation:

Detailed Solution for Test: PID Controllers - Question 11

Damping constant reduces the gain, as it is inversely proportional to the gain and as increasing the damping gain reduces and hence the speed of response and bandwidth are both increased.

Test: PID Controllers - Question 12

Derivative output compensation:

Detailed Solution for Test: PID Controllers - Question 12

Derivative controller is the controller that is also like high pass filter and is also phase lead controller and it is used to increase the speed of response of the system by increasing the damping coefficient.

Test: PID Controllers - Question 13

Addition of zero at origin:

Detailed Solution for Test: PID Controllers - Question 13

Stability of the system can be determined by various factors and for a good control system the stability of the system must be more and this can be increased by adding zero to the system and improves the transient response.

Test: PID Controllers - Question 14

Phase lag controller:

Detailed Solution for Test: PID Controllers - Question 14

Phase lag controller is the integral controller that creates the phase lag and does not affect the value of the damping factor and that tries to reduce the steady state error.

Test: PID Controllers - Question 15

The input of a controller is

Detailed Solution for Test: PID Controllers - Question 15

Controller is the block in the control system that control the input and provides the output and this is the first block of the system having the input as the error signal.

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