Test: Development - 1 - UPSC MCQ

Development means different things to different people because every person has unique hobbies, aspirations, and interests. The notion of development also depends upon the situation of a person. This can be considered by an example. In a rural area, there is a lack of all-weather roads, primary health care centres, 24x7 electricity, etc. and the availability of these facilities would constitute the definition of development for people belonging to this area. Similarly, in urban areas, better transportation facilities, flyovers, the internet would constitute development.

Different persons have different developmental goals because different people live in totally different environments. The kind of environment that they live in governs their needs and aspirations. 

Clearly, the Reason that is given in the question doesn't justify the Assertion. Hence, the correct answer is option (C).

Development of a country can be measured by any of these parameters. Throughout the world, health and education indicators along with income are used as a measure of development. Hence all 3 are parameter that determine the development level of a country.
Hence, The correct answer is D.

For comparing the developmental level of different countries, their income is considered to be one of the most important attributes. The countries with higher income are more developed than others with less income. For comparison between countries, we consider the per capita income of each country. In World Development Report, countries are recognised as rich country and low-income country according to their per capita Income. With more income, people Will be able to get more things they need. So, greater income itself is considered to be an important criterion for the development of a country.

Classical view of economic development includes per capita income.

A option is correct as the country with less population has high per capita income even if the total income is less and highly populated countries has low per capita income even if the total income is high.

Correct option is C)

National development is a comprehensive term which includes increase in real per capita income, improvement in living standard of people, reduction in poverty etc.individuals seek differ roles then their notion of national development is also likely to be different. Most likely we are finding that different students in our class have given different answers to the same question but it is very important to keep in our mind that different persons could have different as well as conflicting notions of a country's development.

In World Development Reports, brought out by the World Bank, this criterion is used in classifying countries. Countries with per capita income of US$ 12,056 per annum and above in 2017, are called rich countries and those with per capita income of US$ 955 or less are called low-income countries.

According to the World Bank's classification of countries by income level, countries with a per capita income of US$955 or less are considered low-income countries.
So the correct option is b. 955

For comparing the developmental level of different countries, their income is considered to be one of the most important attributes. The countries with higher income are more developed than others with less income. For comparison between countries, we consider the per capita income of each country. In World Development Report, countries are recognised as rich country and low-income country according to their per capita Income. With more income, people Will be able to get more things they need. So, greater income itself is considered to be an important criterion for the development of a country. But other attributes are also there like High per capita income,Low incidence of poverty,High standard of living,Narrow income inequalities, Low growth rate of population, Low level of unemployment and Infrastructural capabilities are present to measure level of development.