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Case Based Questions Test: Biotechnology: Principles & Processes - NEET MCQ


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15 Questions MCQ Test Biology Class 12 - Case Based Questions Test: Biotechnology: Principles & Processes

Case Based Questions Test: Biotechnology: Principles & Processes for NEET 2024 is part of Biology Class 12 preparation. The Case Based Questions Test: Biotechnology: Principles & Processes questions and answers have been prepared according to the NEET exam syllabus.The Case Based Questions Test: Biotechnology: Principles & Processes MCQs are made for NEET 2024 Exam. Find important definitions, questions, notes, meanings, examples, exercises, MCQs and online tests for Case Based Questions Test: Biotechnology: Principles & Processes below.
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Case Based Questions Test: Biotechnology: Principles & Processes - Question 1

A schematic representation of polymerase chain reaction (PCR) up to the extension stage is given below.

Q. Name the process ‘a’

Detailed Solution for Case Based Questions Test: Biotechnology: Principles & Processes - Question 1
Denaturing is the first step of PCR which involves the breaking of phosphate bonds between the DNA base pairs at temperature 80°C.
Case Based Questions Test: Biotechnology: Principles & Processes - Question 2

A schematic representation of polymerase chain reaction (PCR) up to the extension stage is given below.

Q. PCR technique is best for :

Detailed Solution for Case Based Questions Test: Biotechnology: Principles & Processes - Question 2
PCR techniques are helpful to detect very minute traces of virus or bacterial DNA and other multiple copies by DNA amplification.
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Case Based Questions Test: Biotechnology: Principles & Processes - Question 3

A schematic representation of polymerase chain reaction (PCR) up to the extension stage is given below.

Q. Identify ‘b’

Detailed Solution for Case Based Questions Test: Biotechnology: Principles & Processes - Question 3
The primer binds on the DNA that initiates the polymerisation with the help of tag polymerase enzyme at 72°C temperature.
Case Based Questions Test: Biotechnology: Principles & Processes - Question 4

A schematic representation of polymerase chain reaction (PCR) upto extension stage is given below

Identify 'c'

Detailed Solution for Case Based Questions Test: Biotechnology: Principles & Processes - Question 4

Taq DNA polymerase. 

Case Based Questions Test: Biotechnology: Principles & Processes - Question 5

A schematic representation of polymerase chain reaction (PCR) up to the extension stage is given below.

Q. Which of the following has popularized the PCR (Polymerase Chain Reaction) ?

Detailed Solution for Case Based Questions Test: Biotechnology: Principles & Processes - Question 5
Tag polymerase enzymes help to maintain the stability of DNA to be used repeatedly at high temperature in the PCR.
Case Based Questions Test: Biotechnology: Principles & Processes - Question 6

Read the following text and answer the following question on the basis of the same:

The term biotechnology refers to the use of living organisms or their products to modify human health and their human environment. For example, ‘testtube’ programme, synthesis of a gene or correcting a defective gene are all part of biotechnology. The basis of modern biotechnology is genetic engineering and maintenance of sterile conditions. Genetic engineering is the technique that alter the chemistry of genetic material i.e. DNA and RNA, then this genetic material is introduced into host organisms, which alter the phenotype of the host organism.

Q. Discovery of _________ molecule made genetic engineering possible.

Detailed Solution for Case Based Questions Test: Biotechnology: Principles & Processes - Question 6

Restriction endonuclease acts as a molecular sensor that gets the DNA from specific nucleotides and gives desired fragments of DNA.

Case Based Questions Test: Biotechnology: Principles & Processes - Question 7

Read the following text and answer the following question on the basis of the same:

The term biotechnology refers to the use of living organisms or their products to modify human health and their human environment. For example, ‘testtube’ programme, synthesis of a gene or correcting a defective gene are all part of biotechnology. The basis of modern biotechnology is genetic engineering and maintenance of sterile conditions. Genetic engineering is the technique that alter the chemistry of genetic material i.e. DNA and RNA, then this genetic material is introduced into host organisms, which alter the phenotype of the host organism.

Q. The cutting of DNA at specific locations became possible with the discovery of :

Detailed Solution for Case Based Questions Test: Biotechnology: Principles & Processes - Question 7
Restriction enzymes are the molecular scissors that cut the DNA from a specific recognition site.
Case Based Questions Test: Biotechnology: Principles & Processes - Question 8

Read the following text and answer the following question on the basis of the same:

The term biotechnology refers to the use of living organisms or their products to modify human health and their human environment. For example, ‘testtube’ programme, synthesis of a gene or correcting a defective gene are all part of biotechnology. The basis of modern biotechnology is genetic engineering and maintenance of sterile conditions. Genetic engineering is the technique that alter the chemistry of genetic material i.e. DNA and RNA, then this genetic material is introduced into host organisms, which alter the phenotype of the host organism.

Q. The recognition sequence of the first restriction enzyme isolated was ________ base pair long.

Detailed Solution for Case Based Questions Test: Biotechnology: Principles & Processes - Question 8
ECoRI is isolated as the first restriction of the GAATAC nucleotide base pair.
Case Based Questions Test: Biotechnology: Principles & Processes - Question 9

Read the following text and answer the following question on the basis of the same:

The term biotechnology refers to the use of living organisms or their products to modify human health and their human environment. For example, ‘testtube’ programme, synthesis of a gene or correcting a defective gene are all part of biotechnology. The basis of modern biotechnology is genetic engineering and maintenance of sterile conditions. Genetic engineering is the technique that alter the chemistry of genetic material i.e. DNA and RNA, then this genetic material is introduced into host organisms, which alter the phenotype of the host organism.

Q. DNA fragments are :

Detailed Solution for Case Based Questions Test: Biotechnology: Principles & Processes - Question 9

DNA has PO4as a negative end So, DNA is negatively charged.

Case Based Questions Test: Biotechnology: Principles & Processes - Question 10

Read the following text and answer the following question on the basis of the same:

The term biotechnology refers to the use of living organisms or their products to modify human health and their human environment. For example, ‘testtube’ programme, synthesis of a gene or correcting a defective gene are all part of biotechnology. The basis of modern biotechnology is genetic engineering and maintenance of sterile conditions. Genetic engineering is the technique that alter the chemistry of genetic material i.e. DNA and RNA, then this genetic material is introduced into host organisms, which alter the phenotype of the host organism.

Q. The specific DNA sequence where EcoRI cuts is :

Detailed Solution for Case Based Questions Test: Biotechnology: Principles & Processes - Question 10
ECoRI recognises GAATAC base pairs that cuts between G and A.
Case Based Questions Test: Biotechnology: Principles & Processes - Question 11

Read the following and answer the question given below :

Restriction endonuclease was isolated for the first time by W. Aber in 1962 in bacteria. Restriction endonucleases cut the DNA duplex at specific points therefore they are also called molecular scissors or biological scissors. Three types of restriction endonucleases are Type 1. Type ll and Type III but only Type II restriction endonucleases are used in recombinant DNA technology. Restriction endonuclease EcoR I recognises the base sequence GAATTC In DNA duplex and cut strands between G and A.

Q. Only type II restriction enzymes are used in gene manipulation because:

Detailed Solution for Case Based Questions Test: Biotechnology: Principles & Processes - Question 11
Type II enzymes are simpler and don't require ATP as an energy source, unlike Type I and it makes cleavage or cut in both the strands of DNA molecule.
Case Based Questions Test: Biotechnology: Principles & Processes - Question 12

Read the following and answer the question given below :

Restriction endonuclease was isolated for the first time by W. Aber in 1962 in bacteria. Restriction endonucleases cut the DNA duplex at specific points therefore they are also called molecular scissors or biological scissors. Three types of restriction endonucleases are Type 1. Type ll and Type III but only Type II restriction endonucleases are used in recombinant DNA technology. Restriction endonuclease EcoR I recognises the base sequence GAATTC In DNA duplex and cut strands between G and A.

Q. Restriction endonucleases are also called as molecular or biological scissors because:

Detailed Solution for Case Based Questions Test: Biotechnology: Principles & Processes - Question 12

Restriction endonucleases are referred to as molecular or biological scissors because they can cleave both strands of DNA at specific sites. This property is crucial for genetic engineering applications where precise cuts are required to splice genes or insert new sequences into DNA.

Therefore, the correct answer to why restriction endonucleases are called molecular or biological scissors is:

2 they cleave one or both the strands of DNA

This answer reflects the ability of these enzymes to make cuts in double-stranded DNA, which is essential for their role in recombinant DNA technology.

Case Based Questions Test: Biotechnology: Principles & Processes - Question 13

Read the following and answer the question given below :

Restriction endonuclease was isolated for the first time by W. Aber in 1962 in bacteria. Restriction endonucleases cut the DNA duplex at specific points therefore they are also called molecular scissors or biological scissors. Three types of restriction endonucleases are Type 1. Type ll and Type III but only Type II restriction endonucleases are used in recombinant DNA technology. Restriction endonuclease EcoR I recognises the base sequence GAATTC In DNA duplex and cut strands between G and A.

Q. Which of the following ions are used by restriction endonucleases for restriction?

Detailed Solution for Case Based Questions Test: Biotechnology: Principles & Processes - Question 13
The restriction endonuclease binds two magnesium ions. One of these ions binds to the phosphate group where the cleavage occurs and is required for catalysis.
Case Based Questions Test: Biotechnology: Principles & Processes - Question 14

Read the following and answer the question given below :

Restriction endonuclease was isolated for the first time by W. Aber in 1962 in bacteria. Restriction endonucleases cut the DNA duplex at specific points therefore they are also called molecular scissors or biological scissors. Three types of restriction endonucleases are Type 1. Type ll and Type III but only Type II restriction endonucleases are used in recombinant DNA technology. Restriction endonuclease EcoR I recognises the base sequence GAATTC In DNA duplex and cut strands between G and A.

Q. Which type of restriction endonucleases is used most in genetic engineering?

Detailed Solution for Case Based Questions Test: Biotechnology: Principles & Processes - Question 14
Type I and Type III are complex and have only a limited role in genetic engineering. Type II restriction endonucleases are used mostly as the cutting enzymes in gene cloning.
Case Based Questions Test: Biotechnology: Principles & Processes - Question 15

Read the following and answer the question given below :

Restriction endonuclease was isolated for the first time by W. Aber in 1962 in bacteria. Restriction endonucleases cut the DNA duplex at specific points therefore they are also called molecular scissors or biological scissors. Three types of restriction endonucleases are Type 1. Type ll and Type III but only Type II restriction endonucleases are used in recombinant DNA technology. Restriction endonuclease EcoR I recognises the base sequence GAATTC In DNA duplex and cut strands between G and A.

Q. Restriction endonuclease was isolated for the first time from a:

Detailed Solution for Case Based Questions Test: Biotechnology: Principles & Processes - Question 15
Restriction endonuclease was isolated for the first time from the bacterium Haemophilus influenzae (prokaryotic cell).
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