31 Years NEET Previous Year Questions: Morphology of Flowering - 2 - NEET MCQ

The flowers in Fabaceae family are perigynous, zygomorphic.

The perianth commonly consists of a calyx and corolla of 5 segments each.

The petals are overlapping (imbricate) in bud with the posterior petal (called as the banner or flag) outermost (i.e., exterior) in position. The two lowermost petals are joined together called as the keel petals. The lateral petals are often called as the wings.

This arrangement of floral whorls is called as vexillary aestivation.

So, the correct answer is 'Fabaceae'.

Liquid endosperm is edible part of coconut.

Fig - developed by hypanthodium inflorescence; pineapple- developed by spike inflorescence; Mulberry-developed by catkin inflorescence.

The gynoecium consists of many free pistils in flowers of Michelia.

If more than one carpel is present in gynoecium this condition is called polycarpellary. If all the carpels in gynoecium are free, then this condition is called apocarpous. For example, Michelia.

Phyllode is present in Australian Acacia. It is modification of leaf in which lamina is absent and petiole become flattened and perform the function of food synthesis.

Cymose infloresence in present in Solanum.  Cymose inflorescence is the name of determinate or definite inflorescence in which the tip of the main axis terminates in a flower and further growth continues by one or more lateral branches which also behave like the main axis.

Free central placentation occurs in  Dianthus and Primula in which ovules are borne on central axis and septa are absent.

Sweet potato and turnip both are roots and become modified for special functions, the most common being the formation of tuberous roots for food storage.

Whorled phyllotaxy is a feature of Nerium and Alstonia. In Alstonia five leaves are present in a whorl while in Nerium three leaves  are present in a whorl.

The ovary is half-inferior in flowers of peach.

When a flower can be divided into two similar halves only in one particular vertical plane, it is zygomorphic, e.g. pea, gulmohar, bean, etc.

Correct Answer :- a

Explanation :

Chilli (Capsicum annum) belongs to family-Solanaceae. In this family, flower is actinomorphic, complete and bisexual; calyx has five sepals which are gamosepalous showing valvate aestivation; corolla has five petals which are polypetalous showing valvate aestivation; androecium has five free stamens (polyandrous) but epipetalous; gynoecium is bicarpellary, syncarpous, bilocular with superior ovary having axile placentation.

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Aleurone cells are the outer cell layer of the endosperm, usually only one cell thick in wheat and the only endosperm tissue alive at maturity. The cell layer of this layer are responsible for the de-novo synthesis of enzyme needed during germination. The chromosome number is 63 of a plant with 42 chromosome in its root tip cells.

Tulips are most popular and wildly grown flowers. Tulips are bulbs, possessing modified stems and leaves.

Hibiscus belongs to Malvaceae family. It possess numerous stamens that are called monadelphous.

A flower in which floral parts arise from around the ovary is called perigynous. In this, the ovary is half inferior and half superior. It can be seen in the flowers of plum, peach etc.

Keel is the characteristic of the flowers of family papilionaceae. For example, bean, gram, pea etc.
The flowers of this family have butterfly shaped corolla. The outermost petals of these flowers is the largest and is called vexillum, the two largest petals are similar and have wings and the two anterior petals called keel are fused enclosing stamens and carpels.

In basal type of placentation, the ovary is unilocular with a single ovule. In this the placenta is at the base of the ovary. It is seen in Polygonum.

Axile placentation is found in multi carpellary syncarpous gynoecium. The margin of carpels growing inward, fuse and meet in the centre of the ovary. Axis forms in the centre of the ovary, thus ovary becomes multi-chambered. The ovules are borne at the central axis. The number of these chambers are equal to the number of carpels. For example, potato, china rose, onion, lemon, orange and tomato.

The given floral formula is of tobacco. It belong to the family Solanaceae. The flower is actinomorphic, bisexual and having superior ovary. Soyabean and sunhemp have monocarpellary pistil and tulip has trimerous flower and perianth.

Replum is present in the ovary of flower of mustard. A false septun called replum develops between the two parietal placentae in mustard and other members of family Brassicaceae. The ovary becomes bilocular. 

It is also know as Australian pine, which is a deciduous tree with a soft, wispy, pine-like appearance that can grow to 100 feet or more in height. Also known as ironwood, beefwood. It bears a superficial resemblance to the conifer genus Pinus because of its small, round, cone-like fruits and its branchlets of scale-like leaves that look like pine needles. 

Pineapple (Ananas sativus) is a sorosis fruit developed from a composite inflorescence which is actually a cluster of compactly borne flowers on a common axis.

Pentamerous, actinomorphic flowers, bicarpillary ovary with oblique septa, fruit is capsule or berry are the characteristic features of family Solanaceae.
In Brassicaceae – dimerous or tetramerous, actinomorphic but sometimes zygomorphic flower, bicarpellary ovary with a false septum (called replum), fruit is siliqua or silicula.
Lilicaeae – Trimerous, actinomorphic flower, tricarpillary, syncarpous ovary, fruit is berry or capsula.
Asteraceae – Pentamerous, actinomorphic or zygomorphic flower, bicarpillary, syncarpous, unilocular ovary, fruit is cypsella.