AFCAT Mock Test - 1

The meanings of the words are:
Aberration => abnormality
Chastisement =>  to criticize someone severely
Dissolution => the action of formally ending or dismissing an assembly, partnership, or official body.
Cauldron =>  a large bowl-shaped pot used for cooking over an open flame
Thus option 3 is the correct word as it conveys a proper meaning that the industry suffered from a crisis after the Soviet Union dissolved.

The word 'created' does not fit here grammatically or logically. The word 'peaked' means 'be at its highest point' and conveys the meaning that the Soviet Union was at its best in the in the last years of the 1990s. Thus option 2 is the correct answer. The word 'convoluted' means 'complicated' and 'checkered' means 'having a pattern of alternating squares, usually with two colors.' 

The meanings of some of the words are:
Abrasion=> erosion
Grounding=> basic training or instruction in a subject.
Thus option 3 fits here as it means that the funding of the project was affected. The sentence presents a negative scenario as is portrayed by the other half of the sentence. The other words cannot fit here. Option 4 conveys a partial meaning but is less appropriate than option 3.

The passage talks about a crisis thus it is obvious that the funding of the project would reduce thus option 1 fits here correctly. The other words are incorrect here.

The sentence talks about recovery thus 'survived' which means 'continued to exist' fits here correctly. It conveys a proper meaning too that companies survived as joint ventures were created. Other words do not convey any meaning here.

Showered=> give a great number of things to (someone).

Framed=> formed

Option 4 is thus the correct answer.

Superior’ and ‘Inferior’ take the preposition ‘to’ and not ''than.'' This is also the case for ''junior and senior.'' So option 3 is correct.  

This is a general observation or a quote. It is not an event bound by time like past, present or future. Such sentences are always in present indefinite tense. But we can't use the second form of the verb after is/are. We surely can use the third form of the verb after is/are and that is exactly what we must do. Here 'forgotten'' basically acts as an adjective. So option 2 is correct.

The proposition 'on' means something in contact with the surface or above something. The proposition 'along' means to move in a constant direction. The proposition 'below' means to be under something. All these propositions do not fit the context of the sentence. Therefore, the correct answer is 'in' which means to be inside of something. 

The word ‘through’ and 'thought' disturbs the grammatical arrangement of the sentence. Out of the given words, ‘throw’ does not convey any meaning, making ‘though’ as the correct answer, as it fits the sentence correctly from the grammatical as well as the meaning standpoint. 

Let’s find out the meaning of the given word ubiquitous-present or found everywhere

Now the meaning of the words that are mentioned:

Meagre-scarce

Embezzle-to steal money from the place one works

Here, universal is the most similar in meaning to the given word. Hence, option 2 the correct answer.

Extroverted means ''outgoing and socially confident.'' Only other word with a similar meaning is ''Sociable.'' Socially confident means ''sociable.'' So option 1 is correct.  

Affable: friendly, good-natured, or easy to talk to.

Gracious: courteous, kind, and pleasant, especially towards someone of lower social status

Bashful: reluctant to draw attention to oneself; shy 

The correct word here is 'acquittal' which means 'a judgement or verdict that a person is not guilty of the crime with which they have been charged.' This is the correct answer because absolution too means 'ecclesiastical declaration that a person's sins have been forgiven.'   

Recruitment: the action of finding new people to join an organization or support a cause.

Promotion: the action of promoting someone or something to a higher position or rank or the fact of being so promoted.

Innovation: the action or process of innovating.

The correct word here is 'treachery.' It means 'betrayal of trust.' This is exactly the meaning of the word 'treason' too. So option 3 is the correct answer.  

Tendency: an inclination towards a particular characteristic or type of behaviour.

Inclination: a person's natural tendency or urge to act or feel in a particular way; a disposition

Pheasant: a large long-tailed game bird native to Asia, the male of which typically has very showy plumage.

The correct answer is option 1, i.e., 'quadruped'.

It is an animal which has four feet, especially an ungulate mammal.

'Smell is so important to quadrupeds.' could be used as a sentence to understand the meaning of the word better.

Let’s find out the meaning of the given options:

Benevolent- kind and charitable

Altruistic- selfless

Acquisitive- obsessed with acquiring money and wealth

Palatable- an acceptable idea or suggestion; a pleasing food or drink

Clearly, option 4 i.e. palatable best expresses the above-mentioned phrase.

Let’s find out the meaning of the given options:

Tapestry- a thick piece of fabric covered with a design or picture formed by weaving threads together. It is usually used as a wall hanging

Drugget- a coarse fabric used to make floor coverings

Mantle-a covering of a specified sort

Canopy-an ornamental cloth hung or held over something

Clearly, option 1 i.e. tapestry best expresses the above-mentioned phrase. 

Let’s find out the meaning of the given options:

Boulevardier- a wealthy and fashionable socialite

Dapper- a nicely dressed man who is usually thin

Philanderer- a womanizer

Dandy- a man who spends a lot of money on his clothes and appearance

Clearly, option 4 i.e. dandy best expresses the above-mentioned phrase.

Let’s find out the meaning of the given options:

Bourgeoisie- the middle class with reference to their materialistic values and conventional attitudes

Proletarian- a person belonging to the lower class of society

Plebeian- a member of the working class

Patrician- nobleman or member of a wealthy family

Clearly, option 1 i.e. bourgeoisie best expresses the above mentioned phrase. Hence, option 1 is the correct answer.

Let’s find out the meaning of the given options:

Astute- accurately judging the situation to use to one’s advantage

Tomfoolery- silly behavior

Unremitting- continuing for a long period of time without stopping

Schmo- a stupid or annoying person

Clearly, option 4 i.e. schmo best expresses the above-mentioned phrase. Hence, option 4 is the correct answer.

The correct answer is option 1, i.e., 'to speak reservedly'.

The idiom 'mince matters' means to speak frankly or avoid giving offence. It is a polite or moderate expression used to indicate disapproval but at the same time minimising the harsh impact of words.

To understand the use of the phrase best, the idiom could be used in the sentence - Not to mince matters, some of these pundits are mere charlatans.

Therefore, the correct answer is option 1.

Ballpark Figure means ''Approximate estimate.'' So option 3 is correct. 

All thumbs means ''clumsy'' so option 2 is correct. 

The answer to this question is provided in the following lines of the passage: Indian tech lobby group Nasscom said such a U.S. plan would imply a “further crunch” for businesses in the United States getting skilled workers.

Hence, the US will face a shortage of skilled workers if the US plans on capping the number of H-1B visas given annually to Indians.

Thus option 1 is correct.

According to the passage, "Data localisation" is the process in which a country places restrictions on data flows to gain better control over it, and curb the power of foreign firms.

Hence the correct answer is option 4.

The passage talks about the U.S.'s decision to cap the H-1B visas, the reason behind it, and its effects.

Therefore, the title 'Capping H-1B VIsa: Causes and Effects' suits the passage perfectly.

Hence the correct answer is option 1.

• Missile defence systems are a type of missile defence intended to shield a country against incoming missiles, such as intercontinental ballistic missile (ICBMs) or other ballistic missiles.
• A surface-to-air missile or ground-to-air missile is a missile designed to be launched from the ground to destroy aircraft or other missiles

• The Defence Research and Development Organisation is an agency of the Government of India, charged with the military's research and development, headquartered in New Delhi, India.

• It was founded in 1958.

• BrahMos is a supersonic cruise missile made by India and the Russian Federation.

• The Sukhoi Su-30MKI is a twinjet multirole air superiority fighter developed by Russia's Sukhoi and built under licence by India's Hindustan Aeronautics Limited (HAL).
• G Satheesh Reddy is the Chairman of the Defence Research and Development Organisation (DRDO) and Secretary in the Department of Defence Research & Development (DDR&D).

• The Vyas Samman award is a literary award that is given every year by the K.K. Birla Foundation.
• It is given for literary work that is in Hindi and has been published in the last 10 years.
• The first Vyas Samman was awarded in 1991 to Dr. Ram Vilas Sharma and Leeladhar Jagudi was given the Vyas Samman Award 2018 for his collection of poems “Jitne Log Utne Prem, published in 2013.
• This award carries a cash prize of Rs 4 lakh.

Maha Chakri Sirindhorn is a recipient of first World Sanskrit Award.

• Born in 1955, she is the Princess of Thailand.
• She was honoured with this award for her contribution towards the promotion of languages for the year 2015.
• She is a well-known educator and scholar of Sanskrit and Pali.
• World Sanskrit Award was instituted by the Indian Council for Cultural Relations (ICCR).

• The International Gandhi Peace Prize, named after Mahatma Gandhi, is awarded annually by the Government of India. The prize money for "Mahatma Gandhi Peace Prize" is one crore.
• As a tribute to the ideals espoused by Gandhi, the Government of India launched the International Gandhi Peace Prize in 1995 on the occasion of the 125th birth anniversary of Mohandas Gandhi.
• Yohei Sasakawa had been conferred the Gandhi Peace Prize for 2018

• John Marshall was the first scholar who used the term 'Indus Civilization' for the Harappa Civilization. 
• The time period of this civilization was 2500 BC - 1750 BC. 
• This civilization was mainly known for its great urban planning and sewage system. 
• Rakhaldas Bandopadhyay was known for discovering the site of Mohenjodaro whereas Dayaram Sahni was known for his discovery of Harappa. 
• RS Bisht discovered the Indus Valley Civilization site Banawali in 1973. 

• Diwan-i-Khairat was set up by Feroz Shah tughlaq to make provision for the marriage of poor girls.
• Feroz Shah Tughlak belonged to Tughlaq dynasty of Delhi Sultanate.
• He built the city of Fatehabad, Hissar, Jaunapur, and Firozabad.
• He paid a lot of attention to the development of irrigation.

The permanent executives are:

• Selected on basis of merit as per the examinations are taken by the Union Public Service Commission (UPSC) and continue till retirement.
• They are the followers of political executives.
• They assisting the ministers in carrying out the day-to-day administration of the ministries.
• District collectors are the Permanent Executives.

• Article 51-A of the Indian Constitution deals with Fundamental Duties.
• Articles 12-35 of the Indian Constitution deals with Fundamental Rights.
• Articles 5-11 of the Indian Constitution deals with Citizenship.
• Articles 343-351 of the Indian Constitution deals with Official language.

• "Brief Answers to the Big Questions" is a popular-science book written by Stephen Hawking.
• The book promotes the view that science is very important in helping to solve the problems on Earth.

• Oman Author Jokha Al Harthi won the prestigious Man Booker International Prize for 'Celestial Bodies'.
• It is the story of three sisters of a desert country confronting its slave-owning past and a complex modern world.
• She is the first Arabic-language writer to receive the prize.

• Namdapha National Park is the largest protected area in the Eastern Himalaya biodiversity hotspot and is located in Arunachal Pradesh in Northeast India.

• Samuel Colt was an American industrialist and businessman who is credited with the invention of the revolver.
• Edward Jenner was a British physician who is credited with the discovery of the smallpox vaccine.
• Alexander Fleming is a Scottish physician and microbiologist who is credited with the discovery of penicillin.
• Albert Einstein was a German-born physicist who is known for his theory of relativity.

• Bernoulli’s Principle: In fluid dynamics, Bernoulli's principle states that an increase in the speed of a fluid occurs simultaneously with a decrease in pressure or a decrease in the fluid's potential energy.
• Pascal's law: It states that when there is an increase in pressure at any point in a confined fluid, there is an equal increase at every other point in the container.
• Archimedes’ principle: It states that anybody completely or partially submerged in a fluid (gas or liquid) at rest is acted upon by an upward, or buoyant, force the magnitude of which is equal to the weight of the fluid displaced by the body.

• Bauxite is an ore of Aluminium with chemical formula Al₂O₃.2H₂O. It is the primary ore of Aluminium. 
• Ore is a naturally occurring mineral or rock from which metal can be extracted. 

Trick: Students were very excited (Bauxite) for Alumni (Aluminium) meeting.

Kathak is a North Indian dance which originated in the state of Uttar Pradesh. The name Kathak comes from the word "katha" which means a story. Shambhu Maharaj is one of the famous Kathak dancer.

• The Kailash temple at Ellora is an example of Rock- cut temple.
• It is one of the largest rock-cut ancient Hindu temples in India, made up of a large single rock in Maharashtra.
• The Kailash Temple is the sixteenth cave, and it is one of the 32 cave temples and monasteries forming the magnanimous Ellora Caves.
• As per the historical records, it was built by the 8th century Rashtrakuta King Krishna I between the year 756 and 773 AD

• Santosh trophy is a football tournament organized every year in India by the All India Football Federation (AIFF).
• Currently, 31 teams who are divided into groups of various states and government organizations participate in the event.
• In April 2019, the Services lifted the Santosh Trophy, beating Punjab 1-0 in the final at Ludhiana.
• West Bengal team is the most successful team in Santosh Trophy with 32 titles.

• In Tennis, world number two Rafael Nadal lifted the French Open Men's Singles title for the 12^th time.
• He became the first player to win 12 Singles titles at the same Grand Slam and has now won 18 majors overall.
• Nadal is now just 2 titles behind Roger Federer's all-time record of 20 majors and is 3 ahead of world number one Novak Djokovic.

• Virat Kohli became the fastest batsman to reach 11,000 runs in one-day internationals after scoring a fine half-century against Pakistan.
• He broke the record of Sachin Tendulkar, who had reached the milestone in 276 innings.
• Kohli, who took only 222 innings to achieve the record, has become the third Indian and ninth overall to reach the 11,000 mark in ODIs.

• South Korea won the Azlan Shah hockey cup 2019 by defeating India
• South Korea won this for the 3rd time, earlier in 1996 and shared with India in 2010
• The host country for Azlan Shah hockey cup was Malaysia which finished 3rd after defeating Canada by 4-2 goals.

• Comoros President Azali Assoumani was re-elected on 27 March 2019 according to results published by the electoral commission of the Indian Ocean archipelago.
• Azali was way ahead of his closest rival Mahamoudou Ahamada, who garnered only 14.62% of the ballots cast.
• Comoros is a volcanic archipelago off Africa’s east coast, in the warm Indian Ocean waters of the Mozambique Channel.
• Moroni is the capital of Comoros.

• The 4th United Nations Environment Assembly (UNEA) was held in Nairobi from 11 to 15 March 2019.
• In a significant first, India piloted resolutions on two important global environmental issues relating to Single-use Plastics and Sustainable Nitrogen management.
• The theme of the UNEA 2019 was Innovative Solutions for environmental challenges and sustainable production and consumption.
• The Headquarters of UNEA is Nairobi, Kenya.

• The INS Imphal was launched from the Mazagaon Docks on 23rd April 2019.
• It is the third guided missile destroyer launched under Project15B of the Indian Navy.
• The previous two vessels are INS Vishakhapatnam launched in April 2015 and INS Mormugao launched in September 2016.

Hence, XAC is the odd one out.

Here, it follows a pattern of +1 between 1^st and 2^nd characters and of +2 between 2^nd and 3^rd characters as shown below:

Thus, MNQ is the odd one.

Except Frivolous – Solemn, all other pairs of words are synonyms of each other.

Hence, Frivolous – Solemn is different from the other three responses.

In each pair of figure i and ii, the relationship is such that figure 1(i) is rotated 90 degree anticlockwise to form figure 1(ii). In option (4) when figure 1 is rotated 90 degree anticlockwise, it does not form figure 2.

Hence option figure (4) is the odd one.

Here, except option 3, all are water images of each other,

whereas, option 3 is the mirror image of each other.

Hence, option 3 is the odd one out.

Except bear, all the three belong to cat family hence bear is the odd one out.

Here all except Shark are Mammals. Shark is a Fish. 

In figure (X), one of the dots lies in the region common to the circle, the triangle and rectangle only and the second dot lies in the region common to the triangle and the rectangle only. And the other dot lies in the region common to the triangle, the oval and the rectangle. Only figure (C) consists of above types of regions.

Hence, figure (C) is the correct one.

Steel is an Alloy.

Similarly, Zinc is a Metal.

Hence, Metal is the answer.

Logo is the symbol of Sports.

Similarly, Emblem is the symbol of Nation.

Hence, Emblem is the answer.

The pattern followed here is:

Subtracting 3 from numerical value of each alphabet of “VERKA”, we get “SBOHX”.

Same pattern will be followed for “DAIRY”

D - 3 = A

A - 3 = X

I - 3 = F

R - 3 = O

Y - 3 = V

Hence, “DAIRY” will be coded as “AXFOV”.

Previous

In figure (X), dot lies in the region common to the circle and the hexagon only. Only figure (D) consists of above types of regions.

Hence, figure (D) is the correct one.

The left and right side of the figure are symmetrical which means the missing figure will be the mirror image of its left counterpart.
Hence,    will be the correct ans.

Thus image at option 1 completes the given figure.

Here, Cricket consists of both batsman and Bowler.

Hence, above image is the correct option.

The logic here is as follows,

P + 4 = T

A + 4 = E

R + 4 = V

K + 4 = O

Similarly,

T + 4 = X

A + 4 = E

L + 4 = P

K + 4 = O

Thus TALK is coded as XEPO.

Similarly,

Hence, JLUYIO is the correct answer.

Given that the triangle represents teachers,

The square represents merchants and

The circle represents social workers

Teachers who are social workers means it is an intersection of only teachers and social workers.

That means the intersection of triangle and circle.

From the given figure we can say that 2 represents the intersection of both triangle and circle.

Hence, the answer is 2.

Here, According to the Venn diagram,

Doctors who are neither Engineers nor Good speakers = 2.

Therefore, answer is 2.

Here, it follows a relationship of women are mothers and a group of people.

Therefore, B is the answer.

The pattern here is as follows,

Therefore, IGOPT is the correct answer.

The pattern is as follows:

The first letter of the 1^st word is replaced by the letter four places ahead in alphabetical series. The second letter of the 1^st word is replaced by the letter preceding four places in alphabetical series. The third letter of the 1^st word is replaced by the letter six places ahead in alphabetical series.

Hence the required conversion is:

Thus RKY is the correct alternative.

The question figure is embedded in this figure.

On close observation, we find that question figure is embedded in fig.2, as shown below:

Thus, figure 2 is the correct answer.

The left and right sides of the figure are symmetrical.

Hence, option “2” is the correct answer.

The first figure completes the pattern because the straight line touches the vertex from both ends and the dot is in the middle of the triangle.

decreasing the number of passengers opting other mode of transportation for commuting.

Argument I: Increasing the number of passengers in the trains would overcrowd the already overcrowded trains, clearly worsen the situation of overcrowding which could pose a threat to the safety of the passengers. Notice, The argument I shows that subsidizing the ticket would have a Direct Negative Impact on the over-crowding problem of the local train. The argument clearly compliment the answer No.

So, arguement I is strong.

Argument II: Increasing the number of passengers in the trains would negatively impact the number of vehicles on the road, thus reducing pollution, costs and travel time. Notice, subsidizing the ticket would have a Direct Impact on the number of vehicles on the road, thus bringing the mentioned positives on the table. So, the argument compliment the answer Yes.

So, argument II is also strong.

In figure (X), one of the dots lies in the region common to the circle, triangle and rhombus and the other dot lies in the region common to the triangle and rhombus only. Only figure (C) consists of both types of regions.

Hence, figure (C) is the correct one.

In figure (X), one of the dots lies in the region common to the hexagon and rectangle and the other dot lies in the region common hexagon only. Only figure (D) consists of both types of regions.

Hence, figure (D) is the correct one.

The statement tells us that putting a child in school at the age of 3 is good, but no information is given if the child is ready to learn or doing so will make a child good in studies.

Therefore, ‘neither I nor II is true’.

Hence, figure given in option 1 will complete the pattern.

As Jaanu is advising to Kranti to visit New Zealand during the spring season, that means Kranti is planning for a trip abroad. Else why would someone advices her. But giving advice does not mean Jaanu is a travel agent.

Thus only assumption I is implicit.

GIVEN:

visitor on Sunday = 140

Visitors on other days = 80

CONCEPT:

As the month begin with Sunday, so there will be five Sundays in the month.

CALCULATION:

Result will be:

= ((140 × 5 + 80 × 25)/30)

= (700 + 2000)/30

= 2700/30 = 90

Let the brother’s present age be x years.

Then,

Ram’s present age = 4/5 x

⇒ 4x/5 + 10 = 9/10(x + 10)

⇒ 9x/10 - 4x/5 = 10 - 9

⇒ 5x/50 = 1

⇒ x = 10

Brother’s age = 10 years.

GIVEN:

Ratio of Expenditure and Savings = 5:3

FORMULA USED:

Percentage Increase in saving = [(New savings - old savings)/old savings] × 100

CALCULATION:

Let expense = 500, savings = 300 & income = 800

So new expense = 500 + 18% of 500 = 500 + 90 = 590 & new income = 800 + 15% of 800 = 800 + 120 = 920

So new savings = 920 - 590 = 330

∴ Required percentage increase in savings = (330 - 300)/300 × 100 = 30/300 × 100% = 10%

GIVEN:

Police came to know that thief after 1 hours.

CONCEPT:

So, distance b/w thief and the police 80 km, now police start chasing him with a relative speed

FORMULA USED:

Relative speed = Speed of Police - Speed of thief

 Speed = Distance/Time

CALCULATION:

Relative Speed = (90 - 80) = 10 km/hr.

Time taken by police = 80/10 = 8 hrs.

Distance run by police = 90 × 8 = 720 km

GIVEN:

Profit% =  and Discount = 20%

FORMULA USED:

Required Percentage = Difference of CP and MP/CP

CALCULATION:

Profit% 

So, CP = 15

& SP = 16

Discount = 20% = 1/5

So,

MP = 5

SP = 5 - 1 = 4

Make, SP same in both cases

CP = 15

SP = 16

MP = 20

CP SP MP

15 : 16 : 20

Different b/w CP & MP = 5

∴ Required Percentage ⇒ 5/15 × 100 = 

Alternate method:

Profit % = (M + D + MD/100)% 

GIVEN:

CI - SI = Rs. 512, R = 20%, T = 3 years

FORMULA USED:

Difference = (P × R² (300 + R))/100³ (Applicable only for 3 years)

CALCULATION:

512 = (P × (20)² (300 + 20))/((100)³)

(512 × 100 × 100 × 100)/(20 × 20 × 320) = P

P = Rs. 4000

GIVEN:

Amit can do a work in 15 days.

Sumit can do a work in 25 days.

FORMULA USED:

Amit one day work × working days + Sumit one day work × working days = 1

CALCULATION:

Let Amit left after x days.

Sumit worked for (x + 5) days.

⇒ 1/15 × x + 1/25 (x + 5) = 1

⇒ x/15 + x/25 + 1/5 = 1

⇒ (5x + 3x)/75 = 4/5

⇒ 8x/75 = 4/5

Alternate method:

Let total work = LCM of (15, 25) = 75

So, Amit’s 1 day work = 5 & Q’s 1 day work =3

So Sumit’s 5 days work in last = 3 × 5 = 15

So remaining work = 75 - 15 = 60

So this 60 units of work is completed by both in = 60/(5 + 3) = 60/8 = 

GIVEN:

The average age of husband, wife and their child 4 years ago = 26 years

wife and the child 5 years ago = 25 years

FORMULA USED:

Husband’s present age = Sum of the present ages of husband, wife and child - Sum of the present ages of wife and child

CALCULATION:

Sum of the present ages of husband, wife and child = (26 × 3 + 4 × 3) = 90

Sum of the present ages of wife and child = (2 × 25 + 5 × 2)

⇒ (50 + 10) = 60

Husband’s present age ⇒ (90 - 60) = 30 years

GIVEN:

Tap A fill the tank in 10 minutes and Tap B fill the tank in 30 minutes

FORMULA USED:

Remaining work = 1 - (A + B)’s 5-minute work

CALCULATION:

Part filled by Tap A in 1 minute = 1/10

Part filled by Tap B in 1 minute = 1/30

(A + B)’s 5-minute work = 5 × (1/10 + 1/30)

= 5 × ((3 + 1)/30)

= 5 × (4/30)

= 2/3

Remaining work = 1 - 2/3 = 1/3

1/30^th Part filled by Tap B in = 1 minute

1/3^rd Part will be filled in = (1/3)/(1/30)

= 30/3

= 10 minutes

Alternate method:

Let total capacity of tank = LCM of (10, 30) = 30 L

So, A can fill in 1 minute = 30/10 = 3L and B can fill in 1 minute = 30/30 = 1L

So, both taps together filled in 5 minutes = (3 + 1) × 5 = 4 × 5 = 20 L

So remaining tank = 30 - 20 = 10

So this 10L is completed filled by B tap = 10/1 = 10 minutes

GIVEN:

When Speed = 24 km/hr then time = 25 min

FORMULA USED:

Speed = Distance/time

Time = Distance/Speed

CALCULATION:

Time (in hours) = 25/60 hr = 5/12 hr

Distance = Speed × Time

= 24 × 5/12

= 10 km

New time will be 20 minutes so,

Time = 20/60 = 1/3 hr

Now we know,

Speed = Distance/Time

= 10 × 3

= 30 km/hr

Alternate method:

Time changes from 25 min to 20 min

So speed must changes in inverse ratio i.e, 20 to 25

So 20 : 25 = 24 : x

Or x = 30 kmph

GIVEN:

C.P of 1000 gm = Rs. 10

M.P of 1000 gm = Rs. 12

S.P of 800 gm = Rs. 12            
(because he uses 800 gm weight instead of 1000 gm)

FORMULA USED:

C.P of 800 gm = C.P of 1000 gm/1000 × 800

Required Profit % = SP - CP/CP × 100

CALCULATION:

C.P of 800 gm = 10/1000 × 800 = Rs. 8          
(because C.P of 1000 gm is Rs. 10)

∴ Required Profit % = 4/8 × 100 = 50%

Alternate method:

Profit % (a) by faulty balance = (1000 - 800)/800 × 100 = 200/800 × 100 = 25%

And Profit% (b) by mark up = 20%

So overall net % profit = a + b + ab/100 = 25 +20 + (25 × 20)/100 = 45 + 5 = 50%

GIVEN:

Income ratio of Rohit and Shikhar = 9 : 7

Expenditure ratio of Rohit and Shikhar = 4 : 3

Savings of Rohit and Shikhar = 15000 and 12000 respectively

FORMULA USED:

Income - savings = Expenditure

CALCULATION:

Let the monthly income of Rohit and Shikhar be 9x and 7x respectively

According to the question,

(9x - 15000)/(7x - 12000) = 4/3

⇒ 27x - 45000 = 28x - 48000

⇒ x = 3000

Difference in Monthly Income = (9x - 7x) = 2 × 3000 = 6000 Rs.

GIVEN:

Distance between plants = 25 m

Length of the road = 2125 m

FORMULA USED:

Maximum number of trees = Number of trees on each side of the road × 2

CALCULATION:          

Number of trees on each side of the road     [+1 because we would start with a tree]

= 2125/25 + 1 = 85 + 1 = 86

∴ Required answer = 86 × 2 = 172

GIVEN:

Change in discount = 24% from 20%

FORMULA USED:

CP (at 20% discount) - CP (at 24% discount) = Marked price

CALCULATION:

Let the Marked price of the Bike be x

After Discount of 20%

Cost price = 80x/100

After Discount of 24%

Cost price = 76x/100

According to the question

80x/100 - 76x/100 = 70

⇒ 4x/100 = 70

⇒ x = 1750

GIVEN:

Rate of Interest = 16%

FORMULA USED:

Simple Interest = (P × R × T)/100

CALCULATION:

Let Principal = x

Amount = 5x

Simple Interest = 5x - x=4x

Simple Interest = (P × R × T)/100

4x = (x × 16 × T)/100

T = 25 years.

Alternate method:

Principal (100) → amount (500)

So, interest = 500 - 100 = 400 @ 16%

Therefore, required time = 400/16 = 25 years

GIVEN:

Total Distance = 90 km

Total Time = 15 hours

FORMULA USED:

Speed = Distance/Time

CALCULATION:

4/5^th of the time = 15 × 4/5 = 12 hours

Now, remaining distance = 90 - 45 = 45 km

Remaining time = 15 - 12 = 3 hours

Average speed to cover the distance of 45 km will be 45/3 = 15 km/hr.

25 × 25 × 4/5 + 27 + 48 = ? + 425

5 × 25 × 4 + 75 = ? + 425

575 = ? + 425

? = 575 - 425

? = 150

GIVEN:

Distance = 60 km

Total time taken to go and come back = hours = 25/2 hours

FORMULA USED:

Speed = Distance/Time

CALCULATION:

Speed downstream = 12/x km/hr

Speed upstream = 8/x km/hr

According to the question,

60/(12/x) + 60/(8/x) = 25/2

60 (x/12 + x/8) = 25/2

15 (x/3 + x/2) = 25/2

x = 1 km/hr

So, speed downstream = 12 km/hr

Speed upstream = 8 km/hr

Speed of current = ½ × (12 - 8) = 2 km/hr