Daily Current Affairs MCQ - April 29, 2021 - UPSC MCQ

The recently enacted Transgender Persons (Protection of Rights) Act, 2019, which paved the way for issuing a certificate of transgender identity, is in spirit with international conventions, particularly the Universal Declaration of Human Rights, 1948, the International Covenant on Civil and Political Rights, 1966, and the Yogyakarta Principles, 2006.

Remdesivir is an injectable anti-viral that aims to prevent replication of the virus. It was manufactured in 2014 to treat Ebola, and has since been used to treat SARS and MERS. In 2020, it was repurposed for Covid treatment. Clinical experience has shown it works best in mildly ill patients, and in early stages of hospitalisation; late use has little effect.

Wakhan National Park is a national park in Afghanistan.

The melting of Antarctica’s Thwaites Glacier – also called the “Doomsday Glacier”– has long been a cause of concern because of its high potential of speeding up the global sea level rise happening due to climate change.

Workers’ Memorial Day, also known as International Workers’ Memorial Day or International Commemoration Day for Dead and Injured takes place annually around the world on April 28, an international day of remembrance and action for workers killed, disabled, injured, or made unwell by their work.

The day has been organized worldwide by the International Trade Union Confederation since 1996.

Its purpose is to remember workers killed in incidents at work or by diseases caused by work and honour the victims of occupational accidents and diseases by organizing worldwide mobilizations and awareness campaigns on this date.

Theme 2021: ‘Health and Safety is a fundamental workers right.’

• The Supply Chain Resilience Initiative (SCRI) aims to create a virtuous cycle of enhancing supply chain resilience with a view to eventually attaining strong, sustainable, balanced and inclusive growth in the Indo-Pacific region. Hence, statements 1 and 2 are correct.
• The Trade Ministers of India, Japan and Australia have formally launched the Supply Chain Resilience Initiative (SCRI). Hence, statement 3 is not correct.
  • The trio (India, Japan and Australia) along with the US makes Quad grouping.

In April 2021, the 93rd Academy Awards, also known as the Oscar 2021 was announced.
Nomadland won the Best Pictures Award Anthony Hopkins (83 years old) won the award for the Best Actor for his performance in the film "The Father". He is the oldest person ever to win an Oscars.
Chloe Zhao is the 2nd woman & also the 1st woman of colour (Asian) to win the award for Best Director.
Frances McDormand won the Best Actress award for "Nomadland".

• The 69^th Amendment Act, 1992 to the Indian Constitution added two new Articles 239AA and 239AB under which the Union Territory of Delhi has been given a special status. Hence, statement 1 is correct.
  • Article 239AA provides that the Union Territory of Delhi be called the National Capital Territory of Delhi and its administrator shall be known as Lt. Governor.
  • It also creates a legislative assembly for Delhi which can make laws on subjects under the State List and Concurrent List except on these matters: public order, land, and police.
  • It also provides for a Council of Ministers for Delhi consisting of not more than 10% of the total number of members in the assembly.
• The Government of National Capital Territory (GNCT) of Delhi (Amendment) Act, 2021, which gives primacy to the Lieutenant Governor (L-G) over the elected government in the city, has come into force. Hence, statement 2 is correct.

• Antimicrobial Resistance (AMR) is the resistance acquired by any microorganism (bacteria, viruses, fungi, parasite, etc.) against antimicrobial drugs (such as antibiotics, antifungals, antivirals, antimalarials, and anthelmintics) that are used to treat infections. Hence, statement 1 is correct.
  • As a result, standard treatments become ineffective, infections persist and may spread to others.
• Microorganisms that develop antimicrobial resistance are sometimes referred to as “superbugs”. Hence, statement 2 is correct.
• AMR is already responsible for up to 7,00,000 deaths a year.
• India, with its combination of large population, rising incomes that facilitate purchase of antibiotics, high burden of infectious diseases and easy over-the-counter access to antibiotics, is an important locus for the generation of resistance genes.
• The Ministry of Health & Family Welfare (MoHFW) identified AMR as one of the top 10 priorities for the ministry’s collaborative work with the World Health Organisation (WHO). Hence, statement 3 is correct.
  • India has also launched the National Action Plan on AMR resistance 2017-2021.

• The Kopili fault zone is a 300 km long and 50 km wide lineament (linear feature) extending from the western part of Manipur up to the tri-junction of Bhutan, Arunachal Pradesh and Assam. Hence, statement 2 is correct.
• The area is seismically very active falling in the highest Seismic Hazard zone V associated with collisional tectonics where Indian plate subducts beneath the Eurasian Plate. Hence, statement 1 is correct.