Karnataka TET Paper 2 Mock Test - 7 (Social Science) - Karnataka TET MCQ

Assistive technologies provide a human interface to the alternative text in various modalities. Assistive technologies are products used by people with disabilities to help accomplish tasks that they cannot accomplish otherwise or could not do easily otherwise.

Constructivism is centered on the idea that human knowledge and learning are actively constructed by the learner, not passively received from the environment. Knowledge is created or constructed by the experiencing individual. It is not impersonal or absolute.

• Bruner defines constructivism as a learning theory in which learning is seen as an active process in which learners construct new ideas or concepts based upon their current and previous knowledge.

The situation given in the above question shows the trend of the organization

• Two Basic Inclinations and Tendencies in Thinking: According to Piaget's research on biology, humans have two basic tendencies. The first is inclined towards organization which deals with the arrangement, recombination and rearrangement of behavior and thought into a coherent system.
• Organization: This concept assumes that people have a tendency to organize their thinking processes into psychological structures. For example, very young children can either look at an object or hold it when their hands contract .
• Adaptation: As the term suggests this concept refers to the adjustment of man to the new environment. It can be defined as "changing one's cognitive structure or one's environment (or to some extent both) in order to better understand one's environment".

Imitation learning mainly influences the personality of the child. Imitation is an advanced behavior whereby an individual observes and replicates another's behavior. An imitation is also a form of social learning that leads to the "development of traditions, and ultimately our culture.

बच्चे के विकास में मौखिक रचना भाषा में प्रवाह प्रदान करता है, व्याकरण को सही करता है तथा आत्मविश्वास का निर्माण करता है। भाषा शिक्षण में मौखिक रचनाएँ बहुत लोकप्रिय रही हैं। विचार यह है कि शिक्षक और छात्र एक साथ काम कर रहे हैं ताकि इसे लिखने से पहले मौखिक रूप से एक कथा का निर्माण किया जा सके। पूरी कक्षा के साथ रचना के निर्माण की प्रक्रिया शिक्षक और छात्रों को तनावपूर्ण उपयोग से लेकर एकजुट तत्वों आदि तक विभिन्न प्रकार की भाषा वस्तुओं पर ध्यान केंद्रित करने की अनुमति देती है। एक बार जब बच्चा मौखिक रूप से अन्य आत्मविश्वास से संवाद करता है तो मौखिक रचना व्याकरण को बहुत प्रभावित करती है। इस तरह के अभ्यास करने के बाद उन्हें भाषा में भी निपुणता प्राप्त हो जाती है।

प्रस्तुत गद्यांश का उपयुक्त शीर्षक है - 'विनम्रता का महत्त्व' 
गद्यांश के अनुसार:-

• जीवन में विनम्रता का प्रभाव तथा उसके महत्त्व को बताया गया। 

• दिए गए विकल्पों में से राजा का पर्यायवाची शब्द 'भूदेव' नहीं है। 
• भूदेव के पर्यायवाची शब्द हैं - कृषक, विद्वान, किसान, ब्राह्मण, ज्ञानी। 
• राजा के अन्य पर्यायवाची शब्द हैं - नरपति, नृप, महीप, राव, सम्राट, नरेश, महीपति, अवनीपति।

समेकित अधिगम से तात्पर्य है: 'ऐसी शिक्षा जो इस प्रकार से संगठित हो कि उसमें विषयो की सीमा रेखा न हो, अध्ययन के मुख्य क्षेत्रों को केन्द्रित कर, पाठ्यक्रम के विभिन्‍न भागों/क्षेत्रों को सार्थक रूप से संगठित किया गया हो। इसमें अधिगम तथा शिक्षण को एक रूप में देखा जाता है और यह अन्तःक्रिया वाले वास्तविक जगत का प्रदर्शन करता है। 
अतः निष्कर्ष निकलता है कि कक्षा पाँच की विज्ञान तथा भाषा शिक्षिका मिलकर फूल पर एक पाठयोजना बनाती है, जिसमें पौधों की विभिन्न विशेषताओं के साथ फूल की सुन्दरता का समावेश किया है। यह समेकित अधिगम का उदाहरण है।

निम्नलिखित विकल्पों में 'तृण’ शब्द तत्सम है जिसका तद्भव शब्द ‘घास’ है। 
ठठेरा देशज शब्द है, घड़ी तद्भव शब्द है, और घाट तद्भव शब्द है।

व्याकरण शिक्षण की पाठ्यपुस्तक प्रणाली को विकृत रूप में सुग्गा प्रणाली भी कहते हैं।
व्याकरण किसी भाषा के बोलने तथा लिखने के नियमों की व्यवस्थित पद्धति है अर्थात व्याकरण भाषा को व्यवस्थित करने का कार्य करती है। व्याकरण शिक्षण की पाठ्यपुस्तक प्रणाली को विकृत रूप में सुग्गा प्रणाली भी कहते हैं क्योंकि:

• यह व्याकरण शिक्षण की अमनोवैज्ञानिक विधि है।
• इसमें बच्चे स्वयं पुस्तक में दिए हुए व्याकरण के नियम पढ़ते हैं।
• इसमें बच्चों द्वारा पढ़े नियमों को शिक्षक सिर्फ उन्हें एकबार समझता है।
• यह प्रणाली मुख्य रूप से बच्चों द्वारा पुस्तक से नियमों को रटे जाने से संबंधित है।

मुदिता आठवीं कक्षा में हिन्दी भाषा पढ़ाती हैं। कविता के भाव के बारे में बातचीत करते समय आप उन्हें कविता का एक निश्चित भाव, अर्थ नहीं हो सकता बात के प्रति सचेत रहने की सलाह देगें।

• कविता में सौंन्दर्य तथा भावना की सहज अभिव्यक्ति होती है। 
• कविता पाठक के मन को आसानी से छु जाती है।
• कविता में भाव तत्व की प्रधानता होती है।
• कल्पना के मिश्रण से सौंन्दर्य चित्रण को कविता में सहज और ग्राह्य बनाया जाता 
• कविता की लयात्मकता शब्दावली को पढ़ने के लिए सस्वर पठनअनिवार्य है। 
• कविता के द्वारा बिंब-विधान किया जाता है। बिंब एक प्रकार का शब्द चित्र होता है, जो कविता में ही उपस्थित होता है। इसी कारण कविता का अर्थ स्थिति की लाक्षणिता के आधार पर ग्रहण किया जाता है।

वास्तविकता शब्द - वास्तव + इक + ता (वास्तविकता शब्द में "प्रत्ययों इक और ता" है।
वास्तविकता शब्द में दो प्रत्यय (इक और ता) का प्रयोग हुआ है। वास्तव में इक प्रत्यय जोड़ने पर वास्तविक तथा वास्तविक में ता प्रत्यय जोड़ने पर वास्तविकता शब्द बनता है।
अन्य विकल्प -
ज्ञानवान - ज्ञान + वान
विशेषता - विशेष + ता
विचारधारा - विचार + धारा
अन्य तथ्य -
प्रत्यय - प्रत्यय दो शब्दों से बना है- प्रति+अय। 'प्रति' का अर्थ 'साथ में, 'पर बाद में' है और 'अय' का अर्थ 'चलने वाला' है।
प्रत्यय = मूल शब्द + प्रत्यय शब्द = नया शब्द
उदाहरण – मनुष्यता = मनुष्य + ता
प्रत्यय के भेद - प्रत्यय के दो प्रकार है -
(1) कृत् प्रत्यय
(2) तद्धित प्रत्यय

वाइगोत्स्की का सिद्धांत - अपने सामाजिक-सांस्कृतिक विकास के लिए जाने वाले वाइगोत्स्की एक रूसी मनोवैज्ञानिक थे, जिसका मानना ​​था कि समुदाय "अर्थ बनाने" की प्रक्रिया में महत्वपूर्ण भूमिका निभाता है। वह अपने घरेलू कामों में अपने दो बेटों की मदद लेते थे। उन्होंने पाया कि उनके बच्चों ने पिता के सहयोग के बाद स्वतंत्र रूप से काम करना शुरू किया।

CCE refers to a school-based evaluation, which covers all aspects of school activities related to a child’s development. It emphasizes twofold objectives such as continuity of evaluation and assessment of learning outcomes in a comprehensive manner. It covers all the domains of learning i.e. cognitive, affective, and psychomotor domains.

This is the correct option because children learning language are not open-minded or naïve theory generators — they are not 'little scientists'. Instead, the human language-learning mechanism (the 'language acquisition device' or 'LAD') embodies built-in knowledge about human languages, knowledge that prevents learners from entertaining most possible grammatical theories.

In a live oral presentation, the audience cannot re-read or skip ahead. There are some students who learn by reading or are visual learners. If they cannot read the things that have been presented to them, their attention will wander and it will be hard to get it back. So, oral presentation must be followed by reading off the blackboard.

Reading has been defined as a process whereby one looks at and understands what has been written, the reader does not necessarily need to look at everything in a given piece of writing. The reader actively works on the text and is able to arrive at understanding it without looking at every letter and word. 

Here, we need comparative form of adjective. Option (1) is incorrect as it uses double comparatives.

While learning a language, the programmed instruction provides opportunities for independent study, a wide range of reference material and an immediate feedback about achievement.
Programmed instruction is a method of presenting new subject matter to students in a graded sequence of controlled steps. Students work through the programmed material by themselves at their own speed and after each step, test their comprehension by answering an examination question or filling in a diagram.

Once the results of legislative assembly elections are out and a political party or alliance gets a majority stake, the MLAs of the said party/coalition sit and elect a head for them.

Our constitution provides safeguards to religious and linguistic minorities as part of our Fundamental Rights.

• The term minority is most commonly used to refer to communities that are numerically small in relation to the rest of the population.
• However, it is a concept that goes well beyond numbers.
• It encompasses issues of power, access to resources and has social and cultural dimensions.
• The Indian Constitution recognized that the culture of the majority influences the way in which society and government might express themselves.
• In such cases, size can be a disadvantage and lead to the marginalization of the relatively smaller communities.
• Thus, safeguards are needed to protect minority communities against the possibility of being culturally dominated by the majority.
• They also protect them against any discrimination and disadvantage that they may face.

Thus, we can conclude that A) is false, but B) is true.

The Non-cooperation movement:

• It was launched on 5th September 1920 by the Indian National Congress (INC) under the leadership of Mahatma Gandhi.
• In September 1920, in a Congress session in Calcutta, the party introduced the Non-Cooperation program.
• Non-Cooperation Movement was a sequel to the Rowlatt Act, the Jallianwala Bagh massacre, and the Khilafat Movement.
• It was approved by the INC at the Nagpur session in December 1920.
• Khadi & Charkha became a symbol of NCM.
• The main aim of the Non- Cooperation movement was:
  • Work for the eradication of untouchability from society.
  • Adopt Swadeshi habits including hand spinning and weaving.
  • Adopt Swadeshi principles.
• The whole movement was abruptly called off on 11th February 1922 by Gandhi following the Chauri Chaura incident in the Gorakhpur district of UP (22 policemen burnt). Hence option 4 is correct.ct.

Endemism is the ecological state of a species being unique to a defined geographic location, such as an island, nation, country or other defined zone, or habitat type; organisms that are indigenous to a place are not endemic to it if they are also found elsewhere.

Height of Visakhapatnam = 45 m
Height of Mount Everest = 8848 m
Difference in the heights = 8803 m or 8.80 km
The average atmospheric lapse rate results in a temperature decrease of 3.5°F/1,000 ft (6.4°C/km) of altitude.
Average decrease in temperature = 8.80 x 6.4 = 56.32° Celsius
The temperature in Visakhapatnam was 40° Celsius.
Therefore, the temperature on Mount Everest will be 40 - 56.32 = -16.352° or -16° Celsius approx.

The categorization system known as Bloom's taxonomy is used to identify and classify the many stages of thinking, learning, and comprehending in humans.

Shiwalik hills:

• The Shiwaliks extend from the Jammu Division of Jammu and Kashmir State to Assam.
• In width, Shiwaliks vary from 8 km in the east to 45 km in the west with an average elevation of about 900 - 1500 m above sea level.
• It is not a continuous range.
• It is broader in the west and narrows down In the east.
• Between the Shiwaliks and the Lesser Himalayas are longitudinal valleys called Doons / Duns.
• They are created due to the alluvial deposit of the Himalayan rivers.
• The Abor Hills is a region of Arunachal Pradesh in the far northeast of India, near the border with China.
• The hills are bordered by the Mishmi Hills and Miri Hills and drained by the Dibang River, a tributary of the Brahmaputra.

• How people are spread across the Earth's surface is known as the pattern of population distribution.
• More than 90 per cent of the world's population lives on about 30 per cent of the land surface.
• The distribution of population in the world is extremely uneven.
• Some areas are very crowded and some are sparely populated.
• The crowded areas are south and southeast Asia, Europe and Northeastern North America.
• Very few people live in high-latitude areas, tropical deserts, and high mountains are areas of equatorial forests.
• Sixty per cent of the world's population stays in 10 countries.
• Factors affecting the distribution of population are geographical, social, cultural and economic factors.

Thus, we can say that the above statements about the population are correct.

Social studies instruction is a complex human activity consisting of different elements-from the establishment of national goals to the daily activities of the youngest child in the classrooms. The instructional process is of vital importance because it is through the process of instruction that many social studies objectives are achieved.

Here, corrupting refers to not fitting in the social roles. So option 3 is the correct answer.

Both longitude and latitude are angles measured with the center of the earth as an origin. Longitude is an angle from the prime meridian, measured to the east (longitudes to the west are negative). Latitudes measure an angle up from the equator (latitudes to the south are negative).