Laxmikanth Test: Making of the Constitution- 3 - BPSC (Bihar) MCQ

Option 3 (I and III) is correct.

Explanation:

I. The Interim Government of India was formed on September 2, 1946, by the Indian National Congress and other parties to govern India until the adoption of the Constitution. This government was responsible for convening the Constituent Assembly, which was tasked with drafting the Constitution of India.

II. The Muslim League initially refused to participate in the formation of the Interim Government due to disagreements over the allocation of seats between the Congress and the League. The League demanded equal representation, which was not accepted by the Congress. However, the Muslim League later joined the government on October 26, 1946, after the British government intervened and convinced them to participate.

III. The Constituent Assembly consisted of 389 members, with 296 seats allocated to British India and 93 seats to the Princely States. However, this statement is false because all the 296 seats were open for indirect elections, and not just a few of them. Provincial assemblies elected these members through a system of proportional representation with a single transferable vote.

The correct answer is A: Only 1.

Statement 1 is correct. M.N. Roy, a socialist leader, first proposed the idea of forming a Constituent Assembly in 1934 through universal adult suffrage.

Statement 2 is incorrect. The demand for a Constituent Assembly through universal adult suffrage was not accepted by the British in the Cripps Mission of 1942. The demand was ultimately accepted through the Cabinet Mission Plan of 1946.

The Credential Committee was headed by Alladi Krishnaswamy Aiyer and the House Committee was chaired by Pattabhi Sitaramayya.

the specific dates of each event:

1. Adoption of National Flag: India adopted its national flag on July 22, 1947.
2. Ratification of India’s membership of the Commonwealth: India became a member of the Commonwealth on January 26, 1949.
3. Adoption of National Anthem: The Indian national anthem "Jana Gana Mana" was adopted on January 24, 1950.

Thus, the correct chronological order is:  2 - 1 - 3 .

Provisions of the Constitution on citizenship, elections, provisional parliament, temporary and transitional provisions, and short title contained in Articles 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, 60, 324, 366, 367, 379, 380, 388, 391, 392 and 393 came into force on November 26, 1949. The remaining provisions came into force on January 26, 1950.

The correct answer is D: 2 only.

Explanation:

1. There were actually 8 major committees formed to draft the Constitution of India, not 13.

2. N. Madhava Rau was a member of the Drafting Committee of the Constitution, along with 6 other members.

3. Sarojini Naidu was not the only woman to head a Committee, as there were no women who headed any of the committees during the drafting of the Constitution. However, Rajkumari Amrit Kaur was a member of the Constituent Assembly and also served as the Health Minister of India after Independence.

The incorrect statement is 1.

Explanation:
1. The Government of India Act, 1935 did not cease to exist immediately after the adoption of the Constitution on 26th November 1949. The Constitution of India was adopted on 26th November 1949, but it came into effect on 26th January 1950, which is celebrated as Republic Day. The Government of India Act, 1935 was not fully repealed until the enforcement of the Constitution on 26th January 1950.

2. The statement is correct. The original Constitution of India, as adopted on 26th November 1949, contained only 8 Schedules. Later, through various amendments, the number of Schedules increased to the current 12 Schedules.

The correct statement is B: I and III.

Explanation:

The provisions relating to emergency in the Constitution of India have been adopted from two sources:

I. Government of India Act, 1935: The emergency provisions in the Constitution of India were largely based on the emergency provisions in the Government of India Act, 1935.

III. Weimar Constitution: Some of the emergency provisions in the Constitution of India were also inspired by the emergency provisions in the Weimar Constitution of Germany.

There is no direct adoption of emergency provisions from the Irish Constitution or the South African Constitution in the Constitution of India.

Salient Features of the Government of India Act 1935 were as follows:

• Abolition of provincial dyarchy and introduction of dyarchy at centre.
• Abolition of Indian Council and introduction of an advisory body in its place.
• Provision for an All India Federation with British India territories and princely states.
• Elaborate safeguards and protective instruments for minorities.
• Supremacy of British Parliament.
• Increase in size of legislatures, extension of franchise, division of subjects into three lists and retention of communal electorate. Separation of Burma from India.

The correct answer is D: 1 and 4. Muslims and Sikhs had special representation in the Constituent Assembly of India, not Christians and Parsis.

The Cabinet Mission Plan of 1946 provided for special representation for Muslims, Sikhs, Indian Christians, Anglo-Indians, and Europeans in the Constituent Assembly. The Muslim community was given 30% of the seats in the Assembly, while the Sikh community was given 20%. However, the Parsi community did not have any special representation in the Constituent Assembly.

So, the correct answer to your question is option D: 1 and 4 (Muslims and Sikhs)

The correct answer is Lord Wavell.

Key Points

• Wavell, Lord  Governor General of India from June 1943 to February 1947.
• In 1941, Wavell was appointed Commander-in-Chief of the British Indian Army and served as Supreme Commander of the Allied Forces in Burma, Malaysia and the Dutch East Indies. He was promoted to the rank of Field Marshal in 1942. He became the Viceroy and Governor General of India in June 1943.
• Lord Mountbatten had replaced Lord Wavell as the viceroy of India in 1947. He was the last Viceroy of India and the first Governor-General of independent India.
• On the midnight of 14th and 15th August in the year 1947, the dominions of Pakistan and India respectively came into existence and started their journey of independent countries.
• This plan was put into action by the Indian Independence Act 1947 which was passed in the British Parliament and received the royal assent on 18 July 1947.

Assertion (A) is correct because the members of the Constituent Assembly were not directly elected by the people of India based on universal adult franchise. Most of the members were indirectly elected by the provincial assemblies, which themselves were not elected on the basis of universal adult franchise.

However, Reason (R) is false because the Constituent Assembly was not created against the proposal of the British government. In fact, the idea of a Constituent Assembly was first proposed in the 1930s by the Congress leader, M. N. Roy. The British government later accepted the demand for a Constituent Assembly in the Cabinet Mission Plan of 1946.

The total strength of the Constituent Assembly was 389. Of these, 296 seats were allotted to British India and 93 seats to the Princely States. Out of 296 seats allotted to British India, 292 members were drawn from the eleven governors’ provinces and 4 from the four chief commissioners’ provinces and one from each.

January 26 was specifically chosen as the ‘date of commencement’ of the Constitution because on this day in 1930 that Poorna Swaraj day was celebrated, following the resolution of the Lahore Session (December 1929) of the INC.
With the commencement of the Constitution, the Indian Independence Act of 1947 and the Government of India Act of 1935, with all enactments amending or supplementing the latter Act, were repealed. The Abolition of Privy Council Jurisdiction Act (1949) was however continued.

Prem Behari Narain Raizada was the calligrapher of the Indian Constitution. He had handwritten the original text of the constitution in a flowing italic style.
It was beautified and decorated by artists from Shanti Niketan including Nand Lal Bose and Beohar Rammanohar Sinha.
The calligraphy of the Hindi version of the original constitution was done by Vasant Krishan Vaidya and decorated and illuminated by Nand Lal Bose.