Laxmikanth Test: Preamble - 2 - UPSC

The term sovereign conveys the meaning that India has an independent authority but the source of power under the Constitution is derived from the people of India. No external or internal authority is the source of this power. India is a member of the Commonwealth by choice and it has no legal obligations towards the organisation.

On 13 December 1946, Jawaharlal Nehru presented the Objective Resolution before the Constituent Assembly. It contained the core principles which would later be adopted in the Preamble. It was adopted by the Constituent Assembly on 22 January 1947.

On November 26, 1949, the Constituent Assembly of India formally adopted the Constitution of India. It came into force on January 26, 1950. Constitution Day aims to bring awareness about the importance of the Constitution and Dr B R Ambedkar.

The original copies of the Constitution were handwritten by Prem Bihari Narain Raizada. The Preamble was designed by the famous artist Beohar Rammanohar Sinha.

These are explicitly mentioned in the text of the Preamble.

Statement 3 is wrong because the term socialist wasn’t included in the Objective Resolution. It was included later in the Preamble following the 42nd Constitutional Amendment Act.

Equality

• The Preamble provides for the liberty of thought, expression, belief, faith, and worship. Equality means the absence of privileges or discrimination against any section of society. The Preamble provides for equality of status and opportunity to all the people of the country

• Apart from the preamble, equality mention in Article 15(Prohibition of discrimination on grounds of religion, race, caste, sex or place of birth)

Liberty

• The term 'liberty' in the preamble means the absence of restraints on the activities of individuals, and at the same time, providing opportunities for the development of individual personalities.

Republic

• The term Republic in the preamble indicatttes that in a republican form of government, the head of state is elected and not a hereditary monarch. Thus, this word denotes a government where no one holds public power as a proprietary right.

Democratic

• The term Democratic in the preamble indicates that the Constitution has established a form of government that gets its authority from the will of the people expressed in an election. The Preamble resolves India to be a democratic country. That means the supreme power lies with the people

The Berubari Union Case reaffirmed that the Preamble was non-enforceable in a court of law.

Correct Answer :- a

Explanation : WE, THE PEOPLE OF INDIA, having solemnly resolved to constitute India into a SOVEREIGN SOCIALIST SECULAR DEMOCRATIC REPUBLIC and to secure to all its citizens:

JUSTICE, social, economic and political;

LIBERTY of thought, expression, belief, faith, and worship;

EQUALITY of status and of opportunity;

and to promote among them all

FRATERNITY assuring the dignity of the individual and the unity and integrity of the Nation;

• Kesavananda Bharati v. State of Kerala Kesavananda Bharati Sripadagalvaru & Ors. v. State of Kerala & Anr. (Writ Petition (Civil) 135 of 1970), also known as the Kesavananda Bharati judgement, is a landmark decision of the Supreme Court of India that outlined the basic structure doctrine of the Indian Constitution.

The Preamble to the Indian Constitution has been amended by the 42nd Constitutional Amendment Act (1976), which added three new words socialist, secular and integrity. The original Preamble adopted on 26th November 1949 did not include these terms.
Correct answer is A.

The Objective Resolution sought India to be a sovereign republic and not a dominion. The term fraternity was adopted from the French Constitution and it assures dignity of individual and unity and integrity of the nation. One of the objectives under the Objective Resolution was to allow other territories outside British India to join sovereign India.

The amended text of the Preamble declares India as a Sovereign, Socialist, secular and Democratic Republic.

The Preamble to the Constitution of India is a brief introductory statement that sets out guidelines, which guide the people of the nation, and to present the principles of the Constitution, and to indicate the source from which the document derives its authority, and meaning.

The Constitution draws its authority from the people and has been promulgated in the name of the people.