Multiple Choice Questions (MCQs): The Living World - NEET MCQ

Correct option is B. The scientific naming of organisms using two names.
Binomial nomenclature refers to the scientific naming system for organisms that uses two names: the genus name and the specific epithet. This system, developed by Carl Linnaeus, ensures that each species has a unique, universally accepted scientific name

Answer: C. Species
Solution: The species is the smallest and most basic unit of classification in the taxonomic hierarchy. It comprises a group of individuals that are similar in essential morphological characteristics and can interbreed to produce fertile offspring. This concept emphasizes the importance of reproductive compatibility within a species, highlighting its role as a fundamental criterion for species identification and classification. An interesting additional fact is that the concept of species was significantly refined by Ernst Mayr, who introduced the Biological Species Concept, focusing on reproductive isolation as a key factor in species definition.

The hierarchy of biological classification is as follows:

• The biological world organisation begins with the submicroscopic molecular level which further broadens to the cellular level and organismic level.
• The submicroscopic molecular level consists of proteins, carbohydrates, lipids and nucleic acids organised into organelles of the cell.

 II and III
Order is the assemblage of families which exhibit a few similar characters. The similar characters are less in number as compared to different genera included in a family, e.g. plant families like Convolvulaceae, Solanaceae, etc., are included in order-Polimoniales mainly based on floral characters.
In animals, order-Carnivora includes families like Felidae (cat) and Canidae (dog).

Metabolism refers to the sum total of all chemical reactions occurring within an organism, encompassing both anabolic (building up) and catabolic (breaking down) processes. These reactions are crucial for maintaining life, allowing organisms to grow, reproduce, maintain their structures, and respond to their environments.

The statement is true. In binomial nomenclature, the first part of the name indicates the genus to which the organism belongs, while the second part, the specific epithet, identifies the species within the genus.

Binomial nomenclature for the scientific naming of organisms was developed by Carolus Linnaeus.

Each name has two parts, i.e The first part comprises of its generic name, while the second part is the specific epithet.

• Both the statements are correct.
• Closely linked organisms belong to the same species and they can interbreed among themselves to produce fertile progenies.

• Both the statements are correct.
• Taxonomy involves classification of organisms and Characterisation, identification, classification and nomenclature are parts of the same.

• Every organism responds to the external stimuli that the surrounding has on the organism.
• For example, a touch me not leaf gets closed when touched and a human being runs away when he sees a lion approaching him.

Metabolism refers to a series of chemical reactions that occur in a living organism to sustain life.

The Family taxonomic category is used to group related genera that share more similarities with each other than with genera in other families. This level of classification reflects broader evolutionary relationships and morphological similarities among organisms. For example, the family Felidae groups together the genera Panthera (lions, tigers) and Felis (domestic cats), which share many characteristics distinct from those in other animal families.

Primates and carnivores are the two ordered of the same class called Mammalia. Primata and carnivores are placed together as belonging to the same class.

The smallest unit of classification is known as species, which is a group of closely related organisms who can interbreed and produce fertile offspring. The organisms in a species share a genetic heritage.

The correct answer is A.

• Division is used in the place of phylum category in plants and phylum is used in animals.
• Phylum is a rank in the classification of organisms, below kingdom and above class.

• Increase in mass due to internal division and increase in number of organisms are twin characteristics of growth.
• In non-living organisms increase in mass occurs due to accumulation whereas in living organisms it happens due to the proteins and carbohydrates that we intake.
• Living organisms except plants grow until certain period of their life and then stop growing.
• Growth is not a sufficient a characteristic to determine if an organism is living.
• Sometimes it’s possible that even mountains and sand dunes grow due to an accumulation of sand.

 In the binomial nomenclature system, the second part of the name, 'leo' in Panthera leo, is the specific epithet and refers to the species. This system, developed by Carl Linnaeus, ensures each species has a unique, universally accepted scientific name comprising a genus name followed by a specific epithet.

External and internal structure, along with the structure of cell, development process and ecological information of organisms are essential and form the basis of modern taxonomic studies.

The correct answer is B: Taxon.

- Taxon is the scientific term for biological classification categories.
- It refers to a group of organisms in a classification system.
- Taxonomic ranks include domain, kingdom, phylum, class, order, family, genus, and species.
- Each taxon represents a specific level in the hierarchy of biological classification.
- Taxonomic classification helps scientists organize and understand the diversity of life on Earth.