Olympiad Test: Fundamentals Of Computer - 2 - Class 4 MCQ

Software is defined as Programs needed to run a computer.

A computer requires a device driver in order to run a peripheral properly.

A device driver is a software program that allows the computer's operating system to communicate with and control the peripheral device. It acts as a bridge between the computer and the peripheral, ensuring that they can work together seamlessly. Here are some key points to explain why a device driver is necessary for proper peripheral functionality:

• Translation: A device driver translates the commands and requests from the operating system into a language that the peripheral device can understand. It ensures that the computer and the peripheral can communicate effectively.


• Compatibility: Each peripheral device is designed to work with specific operating systems and hardware configurations. The device driver ensures that the peripheral is compatible with the computer's operating system and other software components.


• Functionality: A device driver provides the necessary instructions for the peripheral to perform its intended functions. It enables features such as printing, scanning, audio playback, and more.


• Updates and bug fixes: Device drivers can be updated to fix compatibility issues, improve performance, and add new features. Regularly updating the device drivers ensures that the peripheral continues to work optimally.


• Plug and play: Many modern peripheral devices support plug and play functionality, where they can be connected to the computer and automatically recognized. The device driver plays a crucial role in facilitating this automatic detection and configuration process.

Without a proper device driver, a peripheral device may not function correctly or may not work at all. Therefore, it is essential to install the appropriate device driver for each peripheral to ensure proper functionality and compatibility with the computer.

Answer:
When an application is loaded on a computer, it is loaded into RAM (Random Access Memory). Here's a detailed explanation of the process:
1. RAM (Random Access Memory):
- RAM is a type of computer memory that is volatile, meaning it requires power to retain data.
- It is used to temporarily store data that is actively being used by the computer's processor.
- RAM provides fast and temporary storage for applications and data.
2. Loading an Application:
- When an application is launched on a computer, the operating system locates the application's executable file.
- The operating system then loads the necessary components and data from the application's executable file into RAM.
3. Execution:
- Once the application is loaded into RAM, the computer's processor can access and execute the instructions stored in RAM.
- The processor retrieves the necessary data and instructions from RAM to carry out the tasks required by the application.
4. Benefits of Loading into RAM:
- Loading an application into RAM allows for faster access to the application's data and instructions.
- RAM provides a larger working space compared to other types of memory, such as ROM or the hard drive.
- Since RAM is volatile, the loaded application and its data will be cleared from memory when the computer is powered off or restarted.
In conclusion, when an application is loaded on a computer, it is loaded into RAM to provide fast and temporary storage for the application's data and instructions.

Header: A computer must have an operating system
- An operating system is the most fundamental software that a computer needs to function properly.
- It acts as an intermediary between the computer hardware and the user, allowing the user to interact with the computer.
- It manages the computer's resources, such as the processor, memory, and storage, and provides a platform for running other software.
- Without an operating system, a computer would be unable to perform any tasks or run any programs.
Other options:
- A printer attached to them: While a printer can be a useful peripheral device for a computer, it is not a requirement for a computer to function. A computer can operate perfectly fine without a printer.
- A word processing software: Word processing software is a type of application software used for creating, editing, and formatting documents. While it is commonly used on computers, it is not a mandatory component for a computer to have. There are many other types of software that can be installed on a computer depending on the user's needs.
- A virus checking program: While it is highly recommended to have antivirus software installed on a computer to protect it from malware and viruses, it is not an absolute requirement for a computer to have. Users can still use a computer without antivirus software, but it increases the risk of being infected by malicious software.

Hardware for Bulk Printing in Large Computer Centres:

In large computer centres, the hardware used for bulk printing needs to be efficient, reliable, and capable of handling large print volumes. Several options are available, but the most suitable choice depends on specific requirements and priorities. The following hardware options are commonly considered:

• Plotter: A plotter is a specialized printer that uses a pen or marker to draw continuous lines on large sheets of paper. It is commonly used for printing architectural designs, engineering drawings, and other large-scale graphics. However, it may not be the most suitable option for bulk printing due to its slower speed and higher cost per page.



• Line Printer: A line printer is a high-speed impact printer that prints one line at a time. It uses a continuous form of paper and is capable of printing large volumes at a rapid pace. Line printers are commonly used in mainframe computer environments and are known for their durability and reliability. They offer fast printing speeds and a low cost per page, making them a suitable choice for bulk printing in large computer centres.



• Drum Printer: Drum printers are impact printers that use a rotating drum with characters embossed on its surface to print text or images. They are known for their high-speed printing capabilities and are suitable for bulk printing. However, drum printers are less commonly used in modern computer centres due to their noisy operation, limited font options, and the availability of more advanced printer technologies.



• Dot Matrix Printer: Dot matrix printers use a matrix of pins to strike an inked ribbon, creating dots that form characters or images on paper. They are known for their durability, versatility, and relatively low cost. However, dot matrix printers have slower printing speeds compared to other options and may not be the most efficient choice for high-volume bulk printing.

Conclusion: In large computer centres, the most suitable hardware option for bulk printing is often a line printer. Line printers offer high-speed printing, low cost per page, and reliable performance, making them ideal for handling large print volumes efficiently. However, it is essential to consider specific requirements and priorities before making a final decision.

Answer:
The correct device where a ball on the top is rolled with a finger to move the cursor on the screen is device C. Here is a detailed explanation:
Device C:
- The device shown in image C is a trackball.
- A trackball is a pointing device that consists of a ball on the top which can be rolled with a finger or thumb.
- By rolling the ball, the cursor on the screen can be moved in the desired direction.
- Trackballs are commonly used in computer systems and gaming consoles as an alternative to a traditional mouse.
- They provide precise control and are often preferred by users who require more accuracy in their cursor movements.
Other options:
- Option A shows a touchpad, which is a flat surface that senses the movement of a finger or stylus to control the cursor on the screen.
- Option B shows a joystick, which is a lever that can be tilted in different directions to control the movement of the cursor.
- Option D shows a traditional computer mouse, which is moved on a surface to control the cursor on the screen.
In conclusion:
The correct device where a ball on the top is rolled with a finger to move the cursor on the screen is device C, which is a trackball.

To take out a CD from a CD ROM drive, follow these steps:
1. Open the CD ROM drive:
- Click on the "Start" button on your computer.
- Go to "Computer" or "My Computer" (depending on your operating system).
- Locate the CD ROM drive icon.
- Right-click on the CD ROM drive icon.
- Select the "Open" option from the context menu.

2. Eject the CD:
- Look for a physical button on the CD ROM drive itself.
- Press the button gently. This will automatically eject the CD.
OR
- If there is no physical button, you can use software to eject the CD.
- Right-click on the CD ROM drive icon.
- Select the "Eject" option from the context menu.

3. Remove the CD:
- Once the CD is ejected, carefully remove it from the CD ROM drive.
- Hold the CD by its edges to avoid touching the shiny surface.
Remember to always handle CDs with care to prevent any damage.

What does the CPU of a computer actually process?
The CPU (Central Processing Unit) of a computer is responsible for executing instructions and performing calculations. It processes various types of data and information to carry out the tasks assigned to it. Here are the main things that the CPU processes:
1. Instructions:
- The CPU processes instructions stored in the computer's memory.
- These instructions are in the form of binary code (bits and bytes) that represent specific operations.
2. Data:
- The CPU processes data, which can be in different forms such as numbers, text, images, or sound.
- The data is fetched from the computer's memory or input devices, processed, and then stored back in memory or sent to output devices.
3. Arithmetic and Logic Operations:
- The CPU performs arithmetic operations like addition, subtraction, multiplication, and division on numerical data.
- It also performs logical operations like comparisons and boolean operations on data.
4. Control Flow:
- The CPU controls the execution of instructions by following a specific sequence of steps.
- It manages the flow of instructions, determines the next instruction to be executed, and handles branching and conditional statements.
5. Hardware Interface:
- The CPU interacts with other hardware components of the computer, such as input/output devices and storage devices.
- It processes the data received from these devices and sends appropriate signals to control their operations.
Overall, the CPU is the brain of the computer that handles the processing of instructions, data, and control flow to ensure the proper functioning of the system. It is responsible for executing software applications, managing hardware resources, and providing the necessary computing power for various tasks.

Computer Hardware:

• Processor: A computer hardware component responsible for executing instructions and performing calculations.

Not Computer Hardware:

• Computer Desk: Though it is associated with computers, it is not a computer hardware component, but a piece of furniture.


• Mouse Pad: It is an accessory used with a computer mouse, but not considered a computer hardware component.


• MS-Office: MS-Office is a software application suite, not a computer hardware component.

In conclusion, the correct answer is Processor (B) as it is a computer hardware component responsible for executing instructions and performing calculations.

What is a peripheral?
A peripheral is any device that is connected to a computer but is not a part of the computer itself. It is an external device that provides input and output capabilities to a computer system. Peripherals can be categorized into input devices, output devices, and storage devices.
Input Devices:
- Input devices are used to enter data or instructions into a computer system. Some examples of input devices include:
- Keyboard: used for typing and entering commands.
- Mouse: used for pointing and clicking on graphical user interfaces.
- Scanner: used to convert physical documents into digital format.
- Microphone: used for voice input.
Output Devices:
- Output devices display or present the processed information from a computer system. Some examples of output devices include:
- Monitor: displays visual information such as text, images, and videos.
- Printer: produces hard copies of documents and images.
- Speakers: produce audio output and sound.
Storage Devices:
- Storage devices are used to store and retrieve data from a computer system. Some examples of storage devices include:
- Hard Disk Drive (HDD): provides long-term storage for files and data.
- Solid State Drive (SSD): a faster and more reliable alternative to HDD.
- USB Flash Drive: portable and removable storage device.
- CD/DVD Drive: used for reading and writing optical discs.
Other Examples of Peripherals:
- In addition to the above categories, there are other peripherals that serve specific purposes, such as:
- Webcams: used for capturing video and images for video conferencing or online streaming.
- Joysticks and Gamepads: used for gaming purposes.
- Scanners: used to convert physical documents into digital format.
- External Hard Drives: portable storage devices for backing up data or expanding storage capacity.
In conclusion, a peripheral is any external device connected to a computer that provides additional functionality or capabilities beyond the basic computer system. These devices can be categorized into input devices, output devices, and storage devices, and they enhance the user experience and expand the capabilities of a computer system.

Answer:
The storage device that is commonly used for backup is the Hard Disk. Here is a detailed explanation:
1. Hard Disk:
- A hard disk is a non-volatile storage device that stores and retrieves digital data using magnetic storage and rotating platters.
- It is commonly used as the primary storage device in computers and is also used for backup purposes.
- Hard disks provide a large amount of storage space, making them suitable for storing backup files, including important documents, media files, and system backups.
- They are relatively inexpensive and offer high storage capacities, allowing users to back up large amounts of data.
- Hard disks can be easily connected to computers and can be used for regular automatic backups or manual backups.
2. Processor:
- The processor, also known as the central processing unit (CPU), is not a storage device.
- It is responsible for executing instructions and performing calculations in a computer system.
- The processor does not store data, but rather processes and manipulates data stored in other storage devices.
- It does not have the capacity to serve as a backup device.
3. RAM:
- Random Access Memory (RAM) is a volatile memory used by a computer to store data that is actively being used.
- RAM is not suitable for backup purposes as it is a temporary storage medium.
- The data stored in RAM is lost when the computer is powered off or restarted.
- RAM is used for running programs and storing data temporarily while the computer is in use.
4. ROM:
- Read-Only Memory (ROM) is a non-volatile memory that stores firmware or software instructions that are permanently written during manufacturing.
- It cannot be used for backup purposes as it is not rewritable.
- The data stored in ROM is fixed and cannot be modified or erased.
In summary, the storage device commonly used for backup purposes is the Hard Disk, as it provides ample storage space, is relatively inexpensive, and can be easily connected to computers for regular backup operations. The processor, RAM, and ROM are not suitable for backup purposes as they serve different functions in a computer system.

Answer:
The option A: Printer is NOT an example of a storage device.
- Storage devices are used to store and retrieve data, while printers are used for producing hard copies of documents or images.
- Storage devices are typically used to store data in a digital format, while printers work with physical mediums like paper or transparencies.
- The purpose of storage devices is to provide long-term data storage and backup, while printers are used for immediate document reproduction.
- Examples of storage devices include floppy disks, DVDs, CDs, hard drives, solid-state drives, cloud storage, and USB flash drives.
- Printers, on the other hand, can be categorized as output devices as they produce output in the form of printed documents or images.
In summary, while printers are essential peripherals for printing documents, they are not considered storage devices as they do not store data in a digital format for long-term storage or retrieval.

1. CD ROM:
- CD ROM (Compact Disc Read-Only Memory) is a type of storage device that holds digital data.
- It has a storage capacity of 650-700 MB for a standard CD and 4.7-8.5 GB for a DVD.
- Compared to other storage devices, it holds a relatively small amount of information.
2. Flash Drive:
- A flash drive, also known as a USB drive or thumb drive, is a portable storage device.
- It has a variety of storage capacities available, ranging from a few gigabytes to several terabytes.
- Flash drives can hold a significant amount of information, making them more suitable for storing larger files.
3. Hard Disk:
- A hard disk drive (HDD) is a non-volatile storage device used in computers.
- It can store a large amount of data, typically ranging from several gigabytes to several terabytes.
- Hard disks are commonly used as the main storage medium in computers and can hold a substantial amount of information.
4. Floppy Disk:
- A floppy disk is a magnetic storage medium that was commonly used in the past.
- It has a small storage capacity, typically ranging from 1.44 MB to 2.88 MB.
- Floppy disks are now obsolete and have been largely replaced by more advanced storage technologies.
Answer:
- The storage device that holds the least amount of information is the floppy disk with a capacity of 1.44 MB to 2.88 MB.

Device to Check: B - Headphones
Possible reasons why you cannot hear the music and why you should check the headphones:
1. Connection Issue: The headphones may not be properly connected to the computer or the audio jack may be loose. Check if the headphones are securely plugged in.
2. Volume Level: The volume on the headphones may be turned down or muted. Ensure that the volume is turned up to an audible level.
3. Defective Headphones: The headphones themselves may be faulty or damaged. Try using a different pair of headphones to see if the issue persists.
4. Audio Settings: Check the audio settings on your computer to ensure that the correct audio output device is selected. Sometimes, the audio may be routed to a different device or speaker system.
5. Software Issue: There could be a problem with the audio driver or player software on your computer. Try updating the audio driver or using a different media player to see if that resolves the issue.
6. Audio Cable: If your headphones have a detachable audio cable, check if the cable is securely connected to both the headphones and the computer. A loose or damaged cable can cause audio problems.
By checking the headphones and troubleshooting the possible issues mentioned above, you should be able to determine the cause of the problem and resolve the issue of not being able to hear the music on your computer.

A light pen is a computer input device in the form of a light-sensitive wand used in conjunction with a computer's cathode-ray tube (CRT) display. It allows the user to point to displayed objects or draw on the screen in a similar way to a touchscreen but with greater positional accuracy.