Past Year Paper: Animal Tissue- 2 - NEET MCQ

Regeneration is the replacement of the body parts lost to some injury. Regenerative capacity differs greatly across organs and organisms. Epithelial tissue and connective tissues have the greatest capacity to regenerate. The ability of muscle tissue to regenerate is very limited. Fibrous connective tissue often replaces damaged muscle tissue. Nerve tissue has even less capacity to regenerate as the cell division in the nervous tissue stops at initial stages. So, the correct answer is option A.

Rh incompatibility occurs when a Rh- negative mother is impregnated by a Rh- positive father. The result can be Rh- positive baby. In such a case, the baby’s Rh antigens will be recognized as foreign invaders. The mother’s blood cells attack the baby’s as a protective mechanism and can cause erythroblastosis fetalis. If the mother is pregnant with her first baby, Rh incompatibility is not as much of a concern. However, when the Rh- positive child is born, the mother’s body creates antibodies against the Rh factor, which will attack the blood cells if she becomes pregnant with another Rh- positive baby.
Hence, the correct answer is option A.

Mast cells are important for defense against pathogens. Mast cells granules are composed of histamine and heparin, which they secrete when they are activated due to toxic substance or pathogen.Histamine releases as a part of immune response to foreign pathogens. Hence histamine is secreted by mast cells.

Blood clotting (coagulation) is the process by which blood vessels repair ruptures after injury. Calcium works together with vitamin K and a protein, called as fibrinogen in the clotting cascade, which forms fibrin. The fibrin hardens very quickly to form a scab over the wound. 

Hence, correct answer is option B.

Mast cells reside in connective tissue mediate inflammatory responses. The reticular cell is a type of fibroblast, that synthesized type III collagen and uses to produce reticular fibers. Adipose cells are connective tissue cells, specialized to synthesize and contain large globules of fat. Plasma cells are white blood cells that secrete large volumes of antibodies.
Thus, the correct answer is the option (D), 'Plasma cells'.

Ependymal cells are the cube-shaped epithelial cells that forms the epithelial lining of the cavities in brain and central canal of spinal cord. These cells are formed from a layer of embryonic tissue known as neuroectoderm and secrete cerebrospinal fluid for mechanical protection.
Thus, the correct answer is option C.

A ligament is the fibrous connective tissue that connects bones to other bones. They are a band of dense regular connective tissue bundles made of collagenous fibres, with bundles protected by dense irregular connective tissue sheaths. So, the correct answer is 'Collagen'.

Sesamoid bone is a bone embedded within a tendon or a muscle. In humans, the patella is the largest Sesamoid bone in the body. 
The patella also known as the kneecap, is a thick, circular-triangular bone which articulates with the femur and covers & protects the anterior articular surface of the knee joint. Hence option A is correct.

A mammary gland is  a specific type of apocrine gland specialized for manufacture of colostrum when giving birth. Mammary glands can be identified as apocrine because they exhibit striking "decapitation" secretion. Many sources assert that Mammary gland are modified sweat gland.

Haversian canals are characteristically present in mammalian bones, they are the longitudinal canals that run parallel to each other. Each of them contains a nerve, an artery, a vein and a lymph vessel. The Haversian canals are interconnected by transverse channels called Volkmann's canal. These are the small channels in the bone that transmit blood vessels from the periosteum into the bone and that communicate with the Haversian canals. The perforating canals provide energy with an nourishing elements for osteons.

Volkmann's canals are small channels in bone that transmit blood vessels from the periosteum into the bone and that lie perpendicular to and communicate with the Haversian canals. It is named after Volkmann Alfred Wilhelm. It is only found in bones of mammals. Hence, option C is correct.

Merocrine glands are those glands in which cells secrete their substances by exocytosis from secretory cells into an epithelial walled duct or ducts and thence onto a bodily surface or into the lumen. They are also known as eccrine. Examples include some sweat glands and the salivary glands. Hence, option C is correct answer.

There are three main embryonic layers as ectoderm, mesoderm and endoderm, which gives rise to almost all the tissues in the body.
Epithelial tissue is the one which is derived from all these three layers.
Ectoderm gives rise to the epidermis (outermost layer of cells in the skin).
Mesoderm gives rise to mesothelium (a membrane that forms the lining of several body cavities).
Endoderm gives rise to the epithelium of the alimentary canal.
Thus, the correct answer is the option D.

Percentage of haemoglobin in RBC is around 34%. In mammals, the protein makes up about 96% of the red blood cells dry content, and around 34% of the total content. Hemoglobin has an oxygen-binding capacity of 1.34 mL O2​ per gram, which increases the total blood oxygen capacity seventy-fold compared to dissolved oxygen in the blood. The mammalian haemoglobin molecule can bind up to four oxygen molecules.

Unilocular cells contain a single large lipid droplet, which pushes the cell nucleus against the plasma membrane, giving the cell a signet-ring shape. Unilocular cells, characteristic of the white adipose tissue, range in size from 25 to 200 microns. Hence, option C is correct.

Sodium oxalate is the sodium salt of oxalic acid. Sodium oxalate is used to remove calcium ions from blood plasma and prevents blood from clotting because calcium is used as a cofactor of enzymes for activation of clotting factors.

Hence, the correct answer is option B.