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Which of the following belongs to the class of pepsin and trypsin?
Pepsin, rennin, and trypsin are digestive enzymes.
Pepsin and renin are enzymes secreted by the gastric pits in the stomach. They are the active forms of pepsinogen and prorenin respectively, which activate when they come into contact with the hydrochloric acid in the stomach.
Glycogen is mainly stored in the liver and the muscles and provides the body with a readily available source of energy if blood glucose levels decrease.
The cystic duct connects the top of the gallbladder’s neck to the common hepatic duct.
It then joins the common bile duct, which meets the pancreatic duct before it empties into the duodenum.
Illustration of Gallbladder Network:
The chief cells in the stomach secrete pepsinogen which activates to form pepsin. Pepsinogen is converted to pepsin under the effect of gastric juices and hydrochloric acid.
Pepsin is secreted by the Zymogen cells of the stomach.
The appearance of new characters or traits in the progeny, compared with parents are called Variations.
These are due to the Independent assortment and Crossing over.
Independent assortment: When a cross is made between two individuals different from each other in two or more characters, then the inheritance of one character is independent of the inheritance of another character. It is called Law of independent assortment.
Crossing over: Exchange of chromatid segments between the non-sister chromatids of a bivalent is called crossing over.
Beriberi is caused by the deficiency of vitamin- B1 (thiamine).
Vitamin K is essential for blood clotting and deficiency of it causes hemorrhage.
Riboflavin (Vitamin B2) is the precursor of two coenzymes known as flavin mononucleotide (FMN) and flavin adenine dinucleotide (FAD).
Both are essential for tissue respiration and the generation of energy from the metabolism of carbohydrates, amino acids, and fats.
Which of the following cytoplasmic granules contain histamine?
Basophils are circulating granulocytes that respond to allergic stimuli by migrating and accumulating at sites of allergic inflammation.
They contain cytoplasmic granules with similar histamine levels per cell as mast cells.
Which of the following cells are phagocytic in nature ?
Among the White blood cells (WBCs) four cells have the phagocytic ability: Neutrophils, Monocytes, Eosinophils, and Basophils.
Letter S in the structural unit of ribosome denotes:
Letter S in structural unit of ribosome refers to Svedberg unit which is a non-metric unit for sedimentation rate.
The sedimentation rate for a particle depends on its density, shape, and mass which collectively decides how fast the particle 'settles'.
The higher value of S means molecules will settle faster than lower S value molecules.
Secondary sexual characters in males develop under the influence of:
Testosterone is responsible for the development of secondary sex characteristics, features that stimulate male development (including characteristics that are not part of the reproductive system, such as facial hair growth and voice change).
The heartbeat originates from the sino-atrial node found in the upper part of the right auricle. It is a specialized type of cell, which generates the impulses required to start the first heartbeat.
Hence, it is known as the natural pacemaker of the heart
Thyroxine is the main hormone secreted into the bloodstream by the thyroid gland.
Thyroid hormones play vital roles in regulating the body’s metabolic rate, heart, and digestive functions, muscle control, brain development, and maintenance of bones.
Prothrombin required for blood clotting is produced in:
Prothrombin is a protein made by the liver. Prothrombin helps blood to make normal clots.
The "prothrombin time" is one way of measuring how long it takes blood to form a clot, and it is measured in seconds (such as 13.2 seconds)
Kala-azar is caused by bites from female phlebotomine sandflies – the vector (or transmitter) of the leishmania parasite.
The sand flies feed on animals and humans for blood, which they need for developing their eggs.
If blood containing leishmania parasites is drawn from an animal or human, the next person to receive a bite will then become infected and develop leishmaniasis.
Cryopreservation: Cryopreservation [preservation in the frozen state (cryo means extreme cold, derived from Latin word kruos = ‘frost’)] is based on the reduction and subsequent arrest of metabolic functions of biological material by the imposition of ultra-low temperature.
Cholera is caused by bacteria called Vibrio cholera. The disease deadly effects are the result of a strong toxin known as CTX that is produced by these bacteria in your small intestine
Which one of the following is associated with sex-linked inheritance?
The two genes that produce red and green light-sensitive proteins are located on the X chromosome. Mutations in these genes can cause color blindness.
Color blindness is a common inherited sex-linked disorder that affects a person's ability to see or recognize certain colors. It affects males much more often than females.
Afforestation is the establishment of a forest or stand of trees (forestation) in an area where there was no previous tree cover.
Many government and non-governmental organizations directly engage in programs of afforestation to create forests, increase carbon capture and carbon sequestration, and help to anthropogenically improve biodiversity.
The coelom is the cavity between the alimentary canal and body wall enclosed by:
By definition, a true coelom is a coelom lined by mesoderm on both sides, because true coelom is produced either by splitting in the mesoderm or by fusion of mesodermally lined pouches.
Brunner's glands (or duodenal glands) are compound tubular submucosal glands found in that portion of the duodenum which is above the hepatopancreatic sphincter (a.k.a. sphincter of Oddi).
Ascariasis can be treated by antihelminthic drugs such as Alcopar, Antipar, santonin, chenopodium oil and Tetrachloroethylene etc.
Nekton or necton refers to the aggregate of actively swimming aquatic organisms in a body of water.
The term was proposed by German biologist Ernst Haeckel to differentiate between the active swimmers in a body of water, and the passive organisms that were carried along by the current, the plankton.
Trochophore larva is a small, translucent, free-swimming larva characteristic of marine annelids and most groups of mollusks. They are spherical or pear-shaped and are girdled by a ring of cilia the prototroch, that enables them to swim.
Hence, option D is correct.
The frog’s skin surface has mucous glands which make it moist and through its moist skin it respires most of the time. So, it possesses mucous glands but not sweat glands and sebaceous glands. They also possess poisonous glands to protect themselves from predators
Nephridia and setae are found in Annelids.
Option A: Sea Urchin is an echinoderm animal.
Option B: Sea Mouse is an Annelida animal.
Option C: Sea Anemone belong to phyla Cnidaria.
Option D: Sea Pen belongs to phyla Cnidaria.
Hence, option B is correct.
The most common mode of reproduction in Spirogyra is:
Spirogyra species can reproduce both sexually and asexually.
A character common amongst centipede, spider and cockroach is:
Arthropods are joint-legged animals.
Some prominent ones include:
Insects, spiders, ants, cockroaches, bees, crabs, shrimps, millipedes, centipedes, etc.
Difference between Angiosperm seeds v/s Gymnosperm seeds:
Which of the following is a micro-nutrient or a trace element:
Plants require this mineral (Zn) only in traces and its higher concentrations are highly toxic.
The largest-sized flower in the world is produced by a plant that is a:
The largest-sized flower in the world is Rafflesia Arnoldii which is found in Indonesia. And it is a parasitic plant that has no roots or leaves. Bcoz of that reason they use their haustoria that use to suck nutrients from the roots of other plants. So they are known as total root parasites.
Image of Rafflesia Arnoldi:
Tyloses are outgrowths on parenchyma cells of xylem vessels of secondary heartwood. When the plant is stressed by drought or infection, tyloses will fall from the sides of the cells and "dam" up the vascular tissue to prevent further damage to the plant.
In which of the following plants the seeds are beset with tiger's claw:
Martynia is a monotypic genus in the Martyniaceae family consisting of a single species, Martynia annua L., which is commonly known as cat's claw, tiger's claw, or iceplant.
In humans, the membrane that covers the brain (and a majority of the spinal cord) is called the meninges.
It is a fibrous membrane of tissue composed of three layers:
(i) the dura mater
(ii) arachnoid mater
(iii) pia mater.
A dorsal root ganglion is also known as a posterior root ganglion, is a cluster of neurons (a ganglion) in a dorsal root of a spinal nerve.
The cell bodies of sensory neurons known as first-order neurons are located in the dorsal root ganglia.
What will happen if one kidney is removed from the body of a human being?
Humans have a pair of kidneys that filter our blood & removes the poisonous substance from the blood.
So, in that case, when one kidney is removed from the body, another kidney will work and the person can survive and remain normal.
Reproductive isolation term given by Ernest Mayer. This collection is evolutionary mechenism and depend on behavior and physiological process. They prevent members of different species from producing progany or ensure that any offspring are sterile.
An attribute found in plants but NOT in animals is:
A few animals have evolved to supplement their energy needs by temporarily harboring chloroplasts, having ingested them through grazing on algae.
Autotrophy does not provide enough energy to fuel the activities of animals.
A clone is a group of individuals obtained through:
Hence,option A is correct.
An alkaloid Atropine uses for dilation of pupil is obtained from:
Atropine is a non-selective muscarinic antagonist that is mainly used as an adjunct for anesthesia.
Belladonna is a poisonous plant and belladonna intoxication from accidental ingestion may result in a severe anticholinergic syndrome, which is associated with both central and peripheral manifestation.
Adam's Apple represents thyroid cartilage of larynx which helps to protect the frontal part of the larynx.
The Greek philosopher Aristotle (384–322 BC) was one of the earliest recorded scholars to articulate the theory of spontaneous generation, the notion that life can arise from nonliving matter.
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