TS TET Paper 2 Mock Test - 5 (Science and Mathematics) - TS TET MCQ

Rigidity is often regarded as a limitation of planning. So, it is not a principle involved in lesson planning.

Children learning to draw from their art teacher is an instance of formal learning.
Formal learning is also called structured learning or synchronous learning. Examples of formal learning include classroom instruction, web-based training, remote labs, e-learning courses, workshops, seminars, webinars, etc.

Lev Vygotsky was a Russian psychologist and a social constructivist. He has propounded 'Socio-cultural Theory' which emphasizes the role of social interaction in cognitive development.

• Lev Vygotsky emphasized that the acquisition of speech is the major activity in cognitive development. 
• He believed that cognitive skills and patterns of thinking are the product of the interaction between the individual and the socio-cultural institution where the individual grows up.

A common mnemonic for remembering lists is to create an easily remembered acronym, or, taking each of the initial letters of the list members, create a memorable phrase in which the words with the same acronym act as the material.
The technique mentioned in the question is one example of mnemonics.

We don't know about the age of the individual. The physical age of the child is compared to the intellectual performance of the child, based on performance in tests and live assessments by a psychologist. The physical age is not given, so nothing can be determined.

The National Curriculum Framework (NCF) 2005 is an education policy document in India that provides guidelines for school curriculum development. 

The zone of proximal development, commonly referred to as ZPD, is an important principle of Vygotsky's work. ZPD is defined as the range of tasks that a child can perform with the help and guidance of others but cannot yet perform independently.

Swiss psychologist Jean Piaget was the most well known and influential theorist for cognitive development. Piaget was interested in how children reacted to their environments.

• He envisioned a child's knowledge as composed of schemas, the basic unit of knowledge used to organize past experiences and serve as a basis for understanding new ones.
• Development is influence the most when a child's experiences interact with his physical environment.
• These processes are influenced by the child's experience and activity, social interactions, and biological process of becoming mature (maturation).
• They perform all activities and think within the framework of their socio-cultural environment. Therefore, their developmental processes can be only understood by studying children's (or people's) interactions with their culture.
• Interaction of physical factors such as temperature, humidity, pollution, and natural disasters on human behavior. The influence of the physical arrangement of the workplace on health, the emotional state, and interpersonal relations are also investigated.

Thus from the above-mentioned points, it is clear that according to Piaget, experience with the physical world plays an important role in influencing development.

विजयनगर के भग्नाशेष जनशून्य दृश्यावली के बीच फैले है।
सन्दर्भ पंक्ति - विजयनगर के भग्नाशेष एक दूसरे पर टंगी विशाल चट्टानों की निर्जन दृश्यावली के बीच फैले हैं।
दक्षिण भारत के राजनीतिक परिदृश्य में अपने उदय से पूर्व हम्पी कई शताब्दियों से एक प्रख्यात पावन स्थल था।

प्रस्तुत गद्यांश में कठोपनिषद् ग्रन्थ का उल्लेख नहीं है।

• दिए गए विकल्पों में से राजा का पर्यायवाची शब्द 'भूदेव' नहीं है। 
• भूदेव के पर्यायवाची शब्द हैं - कृषक, विद्वान, किसान, ब्राह्मण, ज्ञानी। 
• राजा के अन्य पर्यायवाची शब्द हैं - नरपति, नृप, महीप, राव, सम्राट, नरेश, महीपति, अवनीपति।
• पर्याय का अर्थ “समान” और वाची का अर्थ “बोले जाने वाले” होता है।
• किन्हीं दो या दो से अधिक शब्दों के अर्थ में समानता होती है, ऐसे शब्दों को पर्यायवाची शब्द कहते है।

'अ' उपसर्ग + 'सत्य' मूल शब्द 
अर्थ: झूठ, मिथ्या, मृषा,बनावटी, जाली 
उपसर्ग शब्द के शुरू में जुड़ता है। 
अतः विकल्प (C) सही है

प्रस्तुत गद्यांश का उचित शीर्षक ‘आधुनिकतावाद’ है। आधुनिकतावाद एक लंबी प्रक्रिया के बाद उपजी अवधारणा है, जिसमें आधुनिक आयामों को अपनाया गया।
उपरोक्त गद्यांश के सभी वाक्य आधुनिकता वादी सिद्धांत के इर्द-गिर्द घूमते हैं। अतः इसका उचित शीर्षक आधुनिकतावाद ही होगा।

कूजन शिशुओं के भाषण के विकास का एक चरण है और इसमें एकल शब्दांश, स्वर जैसी ध्वनियों का उत्पादन होता है। कूजन, बच्चों द्वारा की जाने वाली अनमोल ध्वनि, उनका पहला मुखर विकास है और यह निश्चित  रूप से किसी भी माता-पिता के चेहरे पर मुस्कान ला सकता है।

• कूजन आपके बच्चे की आवाज़ खोजने का तरीका है। शिशु आमतौर पर तीन महीने की उम्र के आसपास कूकना (कूजन) करना शुरू कर देते हैं, लेकिन यह हर बच्चे के साथ अलग-अलग हो सकता है। कूजन हंसी और स्वर ध्वनियों का एक संयोजन है और आमतौर पर आपको यह बताती है कि आपका बच्चा खुश और संतुष्ट है। कूजन (कूइंग) विभिन्न मुंह की मांसपेशियों को संलग्न करता है।

अतः ऩिष्कर्ष निकलता है कि दो माह के आस-पास बच्चे स्वर (वॉवल) समान ध्वनियाँ निकालते हैं, इसे कूजन कहा जाएगा।

बच्चा जब दुनिया में आता है तो सबसे पहले माँ के सम्पर्क में आता है। इस तरह बच्चा जिस भी भाषा को सुनना व प्रयोग करना सीखता है वह अपनी माँ से सीखता है।

• इस तरह मातृभाषा मां और घर के माहौल से सीखी जाने वाली सबसे पहली भाषा है।

In a live oral presentation, the audience cannot re-read or skip ahead. There are some students who learn by reading or are visual learners. If they cannot read the things that have been presented to them, their attention will wander and it will be hard to get it back. So, oral presentation must be followed by reading off the blackboard.

Remedial language teaching refers to teaching which is intended to improve the ability of slow learners to learn something. It is an integral part of the teaching-learning program, also known as compensatory or corrective teaching.

• Remedial Teaching is an integral part of the teaching-learning program, also known as compensatory or corrective teaching.
• It is the process of providing slow learners with the necessary help and guidance to overcome their problems
• The teacher must understand the learner's strengths and weaknesses to provide them with the necessary help and guidance to overcome their problems.
• The teacher should pick students who find language learning difficult on particular aspects and take separate sessions for them to support them read and understand such text.

So, it becomes clear that both (A) and (R) are true, and (R) is the correct explanation of (A).

Given:
∠ABC = 90° and ∠DCB = 90°
AB = DC (given)
Calculation:
AB = DC (given)
∠ABC = ∠DCB = 90° 
BC = BC (Since the line segment BC is common to both triangles)
By the SAS Congruence Property,  ΔABC ≅ ΔDCB

Given:
One dice shows a multiple of 2.
Other dice show the odd number.
Concept used:
The total number of outcomes when two dice are thrown is 36.
Formula used:
P = Favorable outcomes/Total outcomes 
Calculation:
The number of favourable outcomes is 9
(2,1), (2,3) (2,5) (4,1) (4,3) (4,5) (6,1) (6,3) (6,5)
Required probability = 9/36 = 1/4
∴ The probability is 1/4.

Mitochondria: 

• Mitochondria are membrane-bound organelles present in all eukaryotic cells' cytoplasm.
• Typically it is sausage-shaped or cylindrical having a diameter of 0.2-1.0µm (average 0.5µm) and length 1.0-4.1µm.
• Each mitochondrion is a double membrane-bound structure with the outer membrane and the inner membrane dividing its lumen distinctly into two aqueous compartments, i.e. the outer compartment and the inner compartment.
• The inner compartment is filled with a dense homogeneous substance called the matrix.
• The outer membrane forms the continuous limiting boundary of the organelle. The inner membrane forms a number of infoldings called the cristae

Mitochondria for aerobic respiration:

• Mitochondria are the sites of aerobic respiration.
• They produce cellular energy in the form of ATP, hence they are called ‘power houses’ of the cell.
• A series of chemical reactions occur in the cytoplasm as breakdown products from food digestion find their way into the cell.
• This allows some of the energy stored up in these items to be released and integrated into ATP, the cell's universal energy source (adenosine triphosphate).
• The remaining molecular fragments from this phase then reach the mitochondria, where they are converted to carbon dioxide and water through a complex sequence of steps.
• The energy that has been trapped in these fragments is converted into more ATP.
• The cell can then use the ATP molecules generated in this way to provide the energy it requires to work.
• To function, ATP is made up of ADP + P + energy.
• The overall chemical reaction that occurs when glucose is broken down is:

C₆H₁₂O₆ +  6O₂  → 6CO₂ + 6H₂O +  ATP (energy)   

Non-metallic oxides dissolve in H₂O to give acidic solution which turns blue litmus red. Therefore, the correct answer is CO₂.

The mineral pyrite, or iron pyrite, also known as fool's gold, is an iron sulphide with the chemical formula FeS₂.

Resistors in Parallel: 

• Both of a resistor's terminals are linked to the respective terminals of another resistor or resistor.
• In this, the circuit current can take more than one path as there are multiple paths for the current.
• The current may not be the same in the parallel network.
• It has a common voltage across the network.

​CALCULATION:
The reciprocal of the equivalent resistance (R_p) of a group of resistances joined in parallel is equal to the sum of the reciprocals of the individual resistances that is 
​1/R_p = 1/R₁ + 1/R₂ + 1/R₃ + ......1/R_n  
= 1/12 + 1/12 + 1/12 + 1/12 
= 4/12 = 1/3 
R_p = 3 Ω
Hence, the total equivalent resistance of the circuit is 3 Ω.

In Mathematics, a multiplicative inverse or reciprocal for a number x, denoted by 1/x or x⁻¹, is a number which when multiplied by x yields the multiplicative identity, 1. The multiplicative inverse of a fraction a/b is b/a.

The National Policy on Education states that "The National System of Education will be based on a national curricular framework, which contains a common core along with other components that are flexible. The common core will include the history of India's freedom movement, the constitutional obligations and other content essential to nurture national identity. These elements will cut across subject areas and will be designed to promote values such as India's common cultural heritage, egalitarianism, democracy and secularism, equality of sexes, protection of environment, removal of social barriers, observance of small family norm and inculcation of scientific temper".

A concept map provides a concrete record of the connections perceived by the students, and thus it indicates how the student’s knowledge is organized and interconnected. Mapping is the creative process of organizing content and can be used in planning lessons, learning, and developing mathematical literacy and spatial thinking.

The Project Approach refers to a set of teaching strategies that enable teachers to guide students through in-depth studies of real world topics. This is a merit of this method.

Option (4) is the correct option because with a process approach, the curriculum development itself becomes an intervention, which may have an impact upon individuals as well as on organisations and institutions.

The section on ‘activities and projects’ included in the exercises of NCERT. Science textbooks for class VIII primarily aims at Providing opportunity to students for extended learning. The activities and projects given in science textbooks may help the student to make sense of everyday experiences. It may play an intellectual role in the development of students that provides an opportunity to students for extended learning.

Experiments play a crucial role in the progress of science. A large number of path-breaking discoveries and inventions have been possible through investigations done usually in laboratories. The experimental work is, therefore, an essential component of any course in science.

• A science laboratory is a place where basic experimental skills are learned by systematically performing a set of prescribed and suitably designed experiments.
• Performing experiments with one’s own hands is not only a thrilling experience but are also important because it entails learning by doing. It also facilitates understanding the concepts of science.