Test: Airport Engineering -1 - Civil Engineering (CE) MCQ

The runway is usually oriented in the direction of the prevailing winds. During landing it provides breaking effect and the aircraft comes to a stop in a short length of the runway. During take off, it provides greater lift on the wings of the aircraft.

The basic runway length is determined from the performance characteristics of the aircraft using the airport. The following cases are usually considered:
(i) Normal landing case requires that aircraft should come to a stop within 60% of the landing distance.
(ii) Normal takeoff case requires a clearway
(iii) Engine failure case may require either a clearway or a stopway or both.
The basic length is corrected for (in the same order):
(i) Elevation at the rate of 7% for every 300 m rise in elevation of airport above the MSL.
(ii) Temperature at the rate of 1% for every 1°C - rise in airport reference temperature above the standard atmospheric temperature at that elevation.
(iii) Gradient at the rate of 20% for every 1% of the effective aradient.

Anchorage area is a place where ships may be held for quarantine inspection, await docking space or await favourable weather condition. The water area required for an anchorage depends upon number, type and size of vessels. 
The anchorage area is calculated as the area of the circle having radius,
R = 4 x depth of water + length of ship + safe clearance to adjacent ship
= 4 x 15 + 161 + 12 = 253 m

Gate is the parking space for an aircraft. Number of Gate positions 

For the present traffic 4 x 5 = 20 gates are needed. Therefore for future traffic (three times present traffic) 60 gates will be required. In addition some aircrafts will have higher occupancy time in future as they will be very big compared to the present traffic composition. Therefore 68 gates will be the correct choice.

The standard temperature at the airport site can be determined by reducing the standard mean sea level temperature of 15°C at the rate of 6.5°C per thousand metre rise in elevation.
Standard temperature = 15 - 6.5 = 8.5°C
Rise in temperature = 16 - 8.5 - 7.5°C

Airport reference temperature