Test: Availability, Irreversibility, Thermodynamic Relations - 2 - Mechanical Engineering MCQ

Assertion (A): The first-law efficiency evaluates the energy quantity utilization, whereas the second-law efficiency evaluates the energy quality utilization.
Reason (R):  The second-law efficiency for a process is defined as the ratio of change of available energy of the source to the change of available energy of the system.

Considering the relationship TdS = dU + pdV between the entropy (S), internal energy (U), pressure (p), temperature (T) and volume (V), which of the following statements is correct?

The specific heats of an ideal gas depends on its

A 2 kW, 40 litre water heater is switched on for 20 minutes. The h eat capacity C_p for water is 4.2 kJ/kg K. Assuming all the electrical energy has gone into heating the water, increase of the water temperature in degree centigrade is:

A positive value to Joule-Thomson coefficient of a fluid means

Match 4 correct pairs between List-I and List-II for the questions [GATE-1994] For a perfect gas:

Which thermodynamic property is evaluated with the help of Maxwell equations from the data of other measurable properties of a system?

Clapeyron‟s equation is used for finding out the

Which one of the following statements applicable to a perfect gas will also be true for an irreversible process? (Symbols have the usual meanings).

Assertion (A): Specific heat at constant pressure for an ideal gas is always greater than the specific heat at constant volume.

Reason (R): Heat added at constant volume is not utilized for doing any external work.

As compared to air standard cycle, in actual working, the effect of variations in specific heats is to:

Molal specific heats of an ideal gas depend on

The difference between constant pressure specific heat Cp and constant volume specific heat Cv for pure substance

Joule-Thomson coefficient is the slope of

Which gas shows a heating effect in the Joule-Thomson experiment, while undergoing throttling process through a porous plug of cotton wool?

Joule – Thomson coefficient is the ratio of

Consider the following statements in respect of the Clausius – Clapeyron equation: 

1. It points to one possible way of measuring thermodynamic temperature.

2. It permits latent heat of vaporization to be estimated from measurements of specific volumes of saturated liquid, saturated vapour and the saturation temperatures at two nearby pressures.

3. It does not apply to changes from solid to the liquid phase and from solid to the Vapour phase.

Which of the statements given above are correct?

The variation of saturation pressure with saturation temperature for a liquid is 0.1 bar/K at 400 K. The specific volume of saturated liquid and dry saturated vapour at 400 K are 0.251 and 0.001 m³/kg What will be the value of latent heat of vaporization using Clausius Clapeyron equation?

Clausius-Clapeyron equation gives the 'slope' of a curve in

Gibb's phase rule is given by:

(F = number of degrees of freedom; C = number of components; P = number of phases)

Which one of the following relationships defines the Helmholtz function F?

Consider the following statements:

1. Azeotropes are the mixtures of refrigerants and behave like pure substances. 2

. Isomers refrigerants are compounds with the same chemical formula but have different molecular structures.

3. The formula n + p + q = 2m is used for unsaturated chlorofluorocarbon compounds (m, n, p and q are the numbers atoms of carbon, hydrogen, fluorine and chlorine respectively).

Which of these statements are correct?

Which one of the following expressions for T ds is true for a simple compressible substance? (Notations have the usual meaning)

Assertion (A): Specific heat at constant pressure for an ideal gas is always greater than the specific heat at constant volume.

Reason (R): Heat added at constant volume is not utilized for doing any external work.

Which one of the following properties remains unchanged for a real gas during Joule-Thomson process?

Assertion (A): Water will freeze at a higher temperature if the pressure is increased.

Reason (R): Water expands on freezing which by Clapeyron's equation gives negative slope for the melting curve.

Which one of the following relationships defines Gibb's free energy G?