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Test: Biomolecules - SSC CGL MCQ


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15 Questions MCQ Test General Awareness for SSC CGL - Test: Biomolecules

Test: Biomolecules for SSC CGL 2024 is part of General Awareness for SSC CGL preparation. The Test: Biomolecules questions and answers have been prepared according to the SSC CGL exam syllabus.The Test: Biomolecules MCQs are made for SSC CGL 2024 Exam. Find important definitions, questions, notes, meanings, examples, exercises, MCQs and online tests for Test: Biomolecules below.
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Test: Biomolecules - Question 1

What are the primary functions of lipids in biological systems?

Detailed Solution for Test: Biomolecules - Question 1

Lipids play a crucial role in storing concentrated energy in biological systems. They serve as a highly efficient energy reservoir due to the high energy content per gram compared to other biomolecules. Additionally, lipids are essential for the synthesis of hormones and are integral components of cell membranes.

Test: Biomolecules - Question 2

What is the primary function of carbohydrates in biological systems?

Detailed Solution for Test: Biomolecules - Question 2

Carbohydrates primarily function as precursors for building many polymers in biological systems. They serve as essential building blocks for various complex molecules necessary for cellular structure and function. For instance, carbohydrates play a crucial role in the formation of polysaccharides, which are vital for energy storage and structural support in cells. This highlights the fundamental importance of carbohydrates in facilitating various biological processes by serving as key components for polymer synthesis.

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Test: Biomolecules - Question 3

What is the main function of Deoxyribonucleic Acid (DNA) in cells?

Detailed Solution for Test: Biomolecules - Question 3

DNA primarily serves as a cellular database, storing vast information about all proteins. This genetic material carries the instructions necessary for the growth, development, functioning, and reproduction of living organisms. Through processes like transcription and translation, DNA directs the synthesis of proteins essential for various biological functions within the cell.

Test: Biomolecules - Question 4

What is the significance of the active site in enzyme function?

Detailed Solution for Test: Biomolecules - Question 4

The active site of an enzyme is a specific region where substrates bind and undergo chemical reactions. This site possesses a unique shape that complements the molecular structure of the substrate, allowing for precise interactions to occur. The active site plays a crucial role in catalyzing reactions by bringing substrates together and facilitating the conversion into products. The specificity of the active site is essential for the enzyme to carry out its biological function effectively.

Test: Biomolecules - Question 5

What is the optimal temperature range for enzymes to work most effectively?

Detailed Solution for Test: Biomolecules - Question 5

Enzymes work optimally between 35-40°C, with reaction rates increasing with temperature up to a certain point. This temperature range allows enzymes to function at their highest efficiency. It is crucial for various metabolic processes in living organisms.

Test: Biomolecules - Question 6

How does enzyme concentration affect reaction rates?

Detailed Solution for Test: Biomolecules - Question 6

Reaction rates increase linearly with enzyme concentration until they plateau. This means that as you increase the amount of enzyme present, the rate of the reaction will increase steadily until a point where adding more enzyme does not further increase the rate. Enzyme concentration is a critical factor in determining the speed of enzymatic reactions.

Test: Biomolecules - Question 7

What is the primary goal of the Human Genome Project-Write announced in 2016?

Detailed Solution for Test: Biomolecules - Question 7

The main objective of the Human Genome Project-Write, introduced in 2016, is to synthesize the human genome. This ambitious project aims to create artificial human genomes, which could potentially revolutionize scientific and medical research by providing insights into genetic functions and mechanisms.

Test: Biomolecules - Question 8

How many DNA nucleotides are there in the human genome, according to the Human Genome Project-Read completed in 2003?

Detailed Solution for Test: Biomolecules - Question 8

The Human Genome Project-Read, concluded in 2003, revealed that the human genome consists of three billion DNA nucleotides. Understanding the precise sequence and organization of these nucleotides is crucial for unraveling the genetic basis of various diseases and traits.

Test: Biomolecules - Question 9

What potential advancements do researchers anticipate by synthesizing large portions of the human genome?

Detailed Solution for Test: Biomolecules - Question 9

By synthesizing substantial segments of the human genome, researchers envision significant scientific and medical advances. This could lead to breakthroughs in areas such as personalized medicine, genetic therapies, and a deeper understanding of human biology and diseases, potentially transforming healthcare and biotechnology industries.

Test: Biomolecules - Question 10

What is the primary function of carbohydrates in biological systems?

Detailed Solution for Test: Biomolecules - Question 10

Carbohydrates primarily act as precursors for building many polymers in biological systems. They serve as essential components for the synthesis of various biomolecules, including proteins and nucleic acids. For instance, monosaccharides, the simplest form of carbohydrates, are utilized as building blocks for constructing more complex carbohydrates like polysaccharides. This function highlights the crucial role carbohydrates play in maintaining cellular structures and functions.

Test: Biomolecules - Question 11

What is the main function of Ribonucleic Acid (RNA) in the cell?

Detailed Solution for Test: Biomolecules - Question 11

Ribonucleic Acid (RNA) plays a crucial role in the cell by converting the information stored in DNA into proteins through a process called protein synthesis. This process involves the transcription of DNA into messenger RNA (mRNA), which is then translated into proteins. RNA acts as an intermediary between DNA and proteins, ensuring that the genetic information encoded in DNA is accurately translated into functional proteins that carry out various cellular functions.

Test: Biomolecules - Question 12

How does temperature affect enzyme reaction rates?

Detailed Solution for Test: Biomolecules - Question 12

Enzymes work optimally between 35-40°C, with reaction rates increasing with temperature up to a certain point. This is because higher temperatures generally increase the kinetic energy of molecules, leading to more frequent collisions between enzymes and substrates. However, excessive heat can denature enzymes, leading to a decrease in reaction rates beyond a certain temperature threshold.

Test: Biomolecules - Question 13

How do enzymes facilitate chemical reactions in biological systems?

Detailed Solution for Test: Biomolecules - Question 13

Enzymes function by reducing the activation energy required for a chemical reaction to occur, thereby speeding up the rate of the reaction. This reduction in activation energy allows the reaction to proceed more easily at normal cellular temperatures, enabling essential metabolic processes to take place efficiently. Enzymes achieve this by providing an alternative pathway for the reaction to follow, making it easier for substrates to convert into products.

Test: Biomolecules - Question 14

What is the role of inhibitors in enzyme activity?

Detailed Solution for Test: Biomolecules - Question 14

Inhibitors reduce enzyme activity by decreasing reaction rates. These substances can hinder or block the normal functioning of enzymes, leading to a decrease in the rate of catalysis. Inhibitors play essential roles in regulating enzyme activity and are used in various fields such as medicine and research to control specific biological processes.

Test: Biomolecules - Question 15

What are the primary functions of lipids in biological systems?

Detailed Solution for Test: Biomolecules - Question 15

Lipids play several vital roles in biological systems, including forming cell membranes, storing concentrated energy, providing protection against desiccation, offering insulation against cold, absorbing shocks, and regulating cell activities through hormone actions. These functions are essential for the proper functioning and maintenance of living organisms.

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