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Test: Biotechnology - SSC CGL MCQ


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15 Questions MCQ Test General Awareness for SSC CGL - Test: Biotechnology

Test: Biotechnology for SSC CGL 2024 is part of General Awareness for SSC CGL preparation. The Test: Biotechnology questions and answers have been prepared according to the SSC CGL exam syllabus.The Test: Biotechnology MCQs are made for SSC CGL 2024 Exam. Find important definitions, questions, notes, meanings, examples, exercises, MCQs and online tests for Test: Biotechnology below.
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Test: Biotechnology - Question 1

What is the primary role of microorganisms in maintaining ecosystems and Earth's element cycles?

Detailed Solution for Test: Biotechnology - Question 1

Microorganisms play a crucial role in ensuring the stability and functioning of biological processes in various ecosystems. They are responsible for processes like decomposition, nutrient cycling, and symbiotic relationships, which are essential for ecosystem health and balance.

Test: Biotechnology - Question 2

How have human activities utilized microorganisms in the field of biotechnology?

Detailed Solution for Test: Biotechnology - Question 2

Human activities have harnessed microorganisms in the field of biotechnology to improve and innovate processes in various fields such as agriculture, medicine, environmental management, and industrial manufacturing. Microorganisms are used in processes like fermentation, genetic engineering, and waste treatment, leading to advancements in these areas.

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Test: Biotechnology - Question 3

What is the significance of microorganisms in elemental cycles on Earth?

Detailed Solution for Test: Biotechnology - Question 3

Microorganisms play a vital role in elemental cycles like the carbon cycle, nitrogen cycle, and other essential cycles that sustain life on Earth. They are involved in processes like decomposition, nitrogen fixation, and nutrient recycling, contributing significantly to the balance and health of ecosystems.

Test: Biotechnology - Question 4
What is the role of lactic acid bacteria (LAB) in food production?
Detailed Solution for Test: Biotechnology - Question 4
Lactic acid bacteria (LAB) play a crucial role in food production by converting lactose into lactic acid. This conversion gives dairy products like yogurt, cheese, sour cream, and buttermilk their unique texture and flavor. LAB are essential in the fermentation process of these products, contributing to their characteristic properties.
Test: Biotechnology - Question 5
Which microorganism is responsible for the production of citric acid?
Detailed Solution for Test: Biotechnology - Question 5
Citric acid is produced by fungi like Penicillium and Aspergillus. This acid finds widespread use in the food and beverage industries for flavoring and preservation purposes. Additionally, it has applications in various other sectors such as medicine, dyeing, and the manufacturing of soft drinks.
Test: Biotechnology - Question 6
What is the primary function of bioaugmentation in waste water treatment?
Detailed Solution for Test: Biotechnology - Question 6
Bioaugmentation is a process in waste water treatment that involves adding specialized strains of microorganisms to enhance the breakdown of pollutants. By introducing these specific microbes, the efficiency of pollutant degradation in sewage and industrial waste is increased, contributing to effective water treatment.
Test: Biotechnology - Question 7

How are microorganisms utilized in the production of ethanol for energy purposes?

Detailed Solution for Test: Biotechnology - Question 7

Microorganisms such as yeast play a crucial role in the fermentation process where they convert sugars into ethanol. This ethanol serves as a renewable energy source, commonly used as a biofuel. The process of converting sugars into ethanol through fermentation involves the breakdown of complex sugars into simpler forms, which are then metabolized by the microorganisms to produce ethanol.

Test: Biotechnology - Question 8

What significant function do microorganisms serve in the production of Streptokinase?

Detailed Solution for Test: Biotechnology - Question 8

Microorganisms are crucial in the production of Streptokinase, an enzyme utilized to dissolve blood clots. This enzyme is particularly valuable in the treatment of conditions like heart attacks, where the dissolution of blood clots is essential to restore blood flow to the affected area. By utilizing microorganisms in the production of Streptokinase, medical advancements have been made in combating clot-related health issues.

Test: Biotechnology - Question 9

In what area of health and medicine are microorganisms like Penicillium notatum primarily significant?

Detailed Solution for Test: Biotechnology - Question 9

Microorganisms such as Penicillium notatum are particularly crucial in antibiotic production, being the original source of penicillin, the first widely used antibiotic. This discovery revolutionized the treatment of bacterial infections by introducing a highly effective and accessible method to combat various harmful bacteria. Penicillin and its derivatives have saved countless lives since their introduction, showcasing the vital role of microorganisms in medicine.

Test: Biotechnology - Question 10

What was the primary objective of the Human Genome Project (HGP)?

Detailed Solution for Test: Biotechnology - Question 10

The primary objective of the Human Genome Project (HGP) was to map and understand all the genes in the human genome. This ambitious international research effort, spanning from 1990 to 2003, aimed to unravel the genetic blueprint of human beings, paving the way for significant advancements in medicine and biotechnology.

Test: Biotechnology - Question 11

What is the main goal of the Genome India Project?

Detailed Solution for Test: Biotechnology - Question 11

The Genome India Project, launched in 2020, aims to collect and analyze genetic data from 10,000 individuals across India. By doing so, the project seeks to build a reference genome that reflects the genetic diversity of the Indian population. This initiative is crucial for advancing predictive and preventive healthcare tailored specifically to the Indian demographic.

Test: Biotechnology - Question 12

What is the key application of Recombinant DNA (rDNA) technology?

Detailed Solution for Test: Biotechnology - Question 12

Recombinant DNA (rDNA) technology is primarily used to develop genetically modified organisms (GMOs) for agriculture. By combining genetic material from different sources into a single molecule, scientists can isolate specific genes, insert them into other organisms, and create organisms with desired traits. This technology has revolutionized agriculture by enabling the production of crops with improved resistance to pests, diseases, and environmental stressors.

Test: Biotechnology - Question 13

How are microorganisms essential for environmental processes on Earth?

Detailed Solution for Test: Biotechnology - Question 13

Microorganisms are essential for environmental processes as they contribute to the functioning of biological processes in various ecosystems. They play key roles in processes like decomposition, nutrient cycling, and symbiotic relationships, which are vital for ecosystem health and sustainability.

Test: Biotechnology - Question 14
What is the significance of itaconic acid in the manufacturing sector?
Detailed Solution for Test: Biotechnology - Question 14
Itaconic acid, produced by Aspergillus terreus, plays a crucial role in the manufacturing sector. It is utilized in the production of plastics, glass, and jewelry, showcasing its value in various industrial applications beyond the realm of food and beverages.
Test: Biotechnology - Question 15

How are scientists exploring the potential of algae and bacteria in the realm of fuel production?

Detailed Solution for Test: Biotechnology - Question 15

Scientists are actively investigating the capabilities of algae to generate biofuels and bacteria to transform agricultural and urban waste into usable fuels. This dual approach demonstrates the versatility of microorganisms in addressing energy needs sustainably. Algae offer a renewable source for biofuel production, while bacteria play a key role in converting various organic wastes into energy sources, contributing to a more eco-friendly energy landscape.

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