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Test: Budget And Economic Survey - 2 - UPSC MCQ


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20 Questions MCQ Test Indian Economy (Prelims) by Shahid Ali - Test: Budget And Economic Survey - 2

Test: Budget And Economic Survey - 2 for UPSC 2025 is part of Indian Economy (Prelims) by Shahid Ali preparation. The Test: Budget And Economic Survey - 2 questions and answers have been prepared according to the UPSC exam syllabus.The Test: Budget And Economic Survey - 2 MCQs are made for UPSC 2025 Exam. Find important definitions, questions, notes, meanings, examples, exercises, MCQs and online tests for Test: Budget And Economic Survey - 2 below.
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Test: Budget And Economic Survey - 2 - Question 1
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What is the total budget for the fiscal year 2025-26?

Detailed Solution for Test: Budget And Economic Survey - 2 - Question 1
The total budget for the fiscal year 2025–26 is ₹50 lakh crore. This reflects a strategic and balanced approach by the government to fuel economic growth while maintaining fiscal discipline. The increased allocation is designed to support critical sectors such as infrastructure, healthcare, education, agriculture, and defense. A significant portion is earmarked for capital expenditure, which is expected to stimulate job creation and economic productivity. The budget also includes various reforms and provisions to encourage private investment, improve ease of doing business, and support welfare schemes for marginalized communities. Overall, the ₹50 lakh crore figure underscores the government’s commitment to building a self-reliant, future-ready economy.
Test: Budget And Economic Survey - 2 - Question 2
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What is the focus of the 2025-26 Budget in terms of agriculture?

Detailed Solution for Test: Budget And Economic Survey - 2 - Question 2
In the 2025–26 Budget, the government has prioritized rural infrastructure development as a means to support the agricultural sector. By improving road connectivity, storage facilities, irrigation systems, and cold chain logistics, the government aims to reduce post-harvest losses and improve market access for farmers. Rural infrastructure plays a vital role in increasing agricultural efficiency and profitability. Enhanced rural development also supports job creation, access to services, and poverty reduction in agrarian communities. The focus is long-term, aiming to strengthen the rural economy, improve productivity, and ensure that agricultural growth is inclusive and sustainable. This investment is a key driver for achieving food security and rural prosperity.
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Test: Budget And Economic Survey - 2 - Question 3
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What is the main initiative to boost the MSME sector under the 2025-26 Budget?

Detailed Solution for Test: Budget And Economic Survey - 2 - Question 3
The 2025–26 Budget boosts the MSME sector through an enhanced Credit Guarantee Scheme. MSMEs often struggle with accessing formal credit due to lack of collateral and financial history. The scheme provides a government-backed guarantee to banks and financial institutions, encouraging them to lend more freely to MSMEs. This reduces risk for lenders and improves credit flow to small businesses. The initiative aims to address the funding gap, promote entrepreneurship, and support economic recovery post-pandemic. With better access to funds, MSMEs can invest in technology, expand operations, and generate employment. This measure is part of a broader strategy to strengthen the backbone of India’s economy—its small and medium businesses.
Test: Budget And Economic Survey - 2 - Question 4
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What is the main focus of the agriculture credit target for 2025-26?
Detailed Solution for Test: Budget And Economic Survey - 2 - Question 4
For the fiscal year 2025–26, the government's primary focus regarding agricultural credit is to ensure direct financial support to farmers. This approach enables farmers to access funds for purchasing inputs such as seeds, fertilizers, and equipment. Enhanced credit availability helps in reducing dependence on informal moneylenders, who often charge exorbitant interest rates. The aim is to empower farmers financially so they can invest in modern practices and technologies, improving productivity and income. By ensuring that timely and affordable credit reaches even small and marginal farmers, the government seeks to promote inclusive agricultural growth. This initiative also contributes to broader rural development and poverty alleviation.
Test: Budget And Economic Survey - 2 - Question 5
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What is the increased allocation for PM-KISAN in the 2025-26 Budget?
Detailed Solution for Test: Budget And Economic Survey - 2 - Question 5
The 2025–26 Budget has increased the allocation for the PM-KISAN scheme to ₹90,000 crore. PM-KISAN (Pradhan Mantri Kisan Samman Nidhi) is a direct income support scheme under which eligible farmers receive ₹6,000 per year in three equal installments. The increased budget allocation allows for wider coverage and timely disbursement of funds to millions of farmers across the country. This financial assistance helps farmers manage the cost of inputs, reduce debt dependency, and ensure stable income. The enhanced funding also reflects the government’s commitment to farmer welfare and the importance of agriculture in driving India’s rural economy. It contributes to financial inclusion and improves the economic resilience of farm households.
Test: Budget And Economic Survey - 2 - Question 6
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What is the increased credit limit under the Kisan Credit Card (KCC) in Budget 2025-26?
Detailed Solution for Test: Budget And Economic Survey - 2 - Question 6
The Kisan Credit Card (KCC) scheme’s credit limit has been increased to ₹5 lakh in the 2025–26 Budget. The KCC is a vital financial tool for farmers, providing them with timely access to affordable credit for crop production, post-harvest expenses, consumption needs, and allied agricultural activities. By raising the credit ceiling, the government aims to empower farmers to invest more in modern technologies, high-yield seeds, fertilizers, and irrigation. It also helps reduce dependence on informal credit sources. The move is especially beneficial for small and marginal farmers who struggle with liquidity during the cropping cycle. The increased credit limit also supports allied sectors like animal husbandry and fisheries.
Test: Budget And Economic Survey - 2 - Question 7
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Which government agency is responsible for procuring pulses under this initiative?
Detailed Solution for Test: Budget And Economic Survey - 2 - Question 7
Under the 2025–26 Budget initiatives, NAFED (National Agricultural Cooperative Marketing Federation) and NCCF (National Cooperative Consumers' Federation) are the two agencies tasked with procuring pulses. These organizations ensure that pulses are purchased directly from farmers at the Minimum Support Price (MSP), which protects farmers from market fluctuations and guarantees fair returns. This move not only stabilizes market prices but also helps build a national buffer stock of pulses. It ensures food security and supports the government’s objective of self-reliance in pulse production. These procurement efforts are crucial for reducing import dependency, ensuring availability of pulses at affordable prices, and supporting domestic farmers financially.
Test: Budget And Economic Survey - 2 - Question 8
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Which pulses are the focus of the self-reliance mission under this budget?
Detailed Solution for Test: Budget And Economic Survey - 2 - Question 8
The self-reliance mission for pulses in the 2025–26 Budget focuses on Tur (Arhar) and Masoor (Red Lentils). These pulses are staples in Indian households and have seen rising demand over the years. Historically, India has relied on imports to meet its demand for these pulses, leading to trade deficits and price volatility. By encouraging domestic cultivation through support schemes, seed distribution, and procurement at MSP, the government aims to achieve self-sufficiency. Promoting the cultivation of Tur and Masoor will reduce import dependency, ensure stable prices, and improve the livelihoods of pulse farmers. It also strengthens nutritional security, as pulses are a key source of protein in Indian diets.
Test: Budget And Economic Survey - 2 - Question 9
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Which state will have a Makhana Board established under this budget?
Detailed Solution for Test: Budget And Economic Survey - 2 - Question 9
Bihar will be home to the newly established Makhana Board as announced in the 2025–26 Budget. Bihar is the largest producer of makhana (fox nuts), especially in the Mithilanchal region, where it is a traditional and economically significant crop. The creation of a Makhana Board aims to formalize and promote the makhana industry through research, quality control, market development, and export promotion. It will also support farmers with better seed varieties, storage, processing facilities, and fair pricing. The board will help transform makhana from a regional specialty into a nationally and globally recognized superfood. This initiative is a step toward doubling farmer incomes in the region.
Test: Budget And Economic Survey - 2 - Question 10
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Which new initiative is being launched for fruit and vegetable production?
Detailed Solution for Test: Budget And Economic Survey - 2 - Question 10
The government has launched the National Mission for Fruit and Vegetable Production under the 2025–26 Budget. This mission is designed to boost the horticulture sector, which is a key contributor to farmers’ income and nutritional security. It aims to increase the production, quality, and export potential of fruits and vegetables through the adoption of modern farming techniques, high-yield varieties, efficient irrigation, and cold chain logistics. The mission also supports value addition and post-harvest management. With rising domestic and global demand for fresh produce, this initiative will help farmers diversify their crops, fetch better prices, and reduce waste, thereby enhancing agricultural profitability and rural employment.
Test: Budget And Economic Survey - 2 - Question 11
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How many high-yielding crop varieties will be introduced from July 2024?
Detailed Solution for Test: Budget And Economic Survey - 2 - Question 11
From July 2024, the government plans to introduce 100 high-yielding crop varieties to boost agricultural productivity. These varieties are developed to resist pests and climate stresses such as drought, flood, or salinity, making them suitable for diverse agro-climatic zones. By promoting high-yielding and resilient seeds, the initiative aims to address food security challenges and help farmers increase their output and income. This move supports the broader vision of sustainable agriculture by minimizing input costs, reducing the use of harmful chemicals, and improving nutritional value. Research institutions like ICAR will play a pivotal role in developing and distributing these varieties across states.
Test: Budget And Economic Survey - 2 - Question 12
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Which crop is the focus of the National Cotton Mission?
Detailed Solution for Test: Budget And Economic Survey - 2 - Question 12
The National Cotton Mission focuses on the cotton crop, aiming to enhance productivity, quality, and farmer income. Cotton is a vital commercial crop and supports India’s large textile and apparel industry. The mission includes initiatives like the promotion of improved seed varieties, efficient water management, reduction in pesticide usage, and mechanization. Additionally, the program supports the use of drone technology for spraying, improves post-harvest infrastructure, and encourages organic cotton farming. Through this mission, the government seeks to boost both domestic and export potential, stabilize cotton prices, and empower millions of cotton farmers with better yields and fair returns.
Test: Budget And Economic Survey - 2 - Question 13
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What is the main aim of the National Cotton Mission?
Detailed Solution for Test: Budget And Economic Survey - 2 - Question 13
The primary goal of the National Cotton Mission is to increase cotton productivity. India has vast land under cotton cultivation but comparatively lower yields due to factors like pests, erratic weather, and lack of modern farming practices. The mission addresses these issues by promoting high-yield and pest-resistant varieties, supporting integrated pest management, and facilitating farmer training. It also emphasizes precision farming and mechanization to reduce labor costs. By increasing productivity per hectare, the mission not only enhances farmers’ profitability but also strengthens the supply chain for the textile industry. It supports the “Make in India” initiative by ensuring a steady supply of quality cotton for domestic manufacturing.
Test: Budget And Economic Survey - 2 - Question 14
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What initiative is being launched for the promotion of organic farming?
Detailed Solution for Test: Budget And Economic Survey - 2 - Question 14
The National Program for Organic Farming is a major step by the government to promote sustainable and chemical-free agriculture. This initiative supports farmers in transitioning to organic methods through training, certification assistance, organic input subsidies, and marketing support. The demand for organic produce is growing both in India and internationally due to rising health consciousness and environmental concerns. The program also emphasizes the creation of organic clusters and encourages the use of traditional knowledge and bio-inputs. By reducing dependency on synthetic fertilizers and pesticides, the program helps in conserving soil health, improving biodiversity, and mitigating climate change. It aims to create a robust organic farming ecosystem.
Test: Budget And Economic Survey - 2 - Question 15
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Which new initiative is introduced for the promotion of dairy farming?
Detailed Solution for Test: Budget And Economic Survey - 2 - Question 15
The Dairy Infrastructure Development Scheme (DIDS) is introduced to support and modernize India’s dairy sector. It focuses on upgrading milk processing facilities, setting up chilling plants, and expanding cold chain logistics. The scheme provides interest subvention and financial assistance to cooperatives, private players, and startups engaged in dairy. India is the world’s largest milk producer, and this scheme aims to add value to dairy products, reduce spoilage, and enhance exports. It will also promote the use of clean energy in dairy units and encourage sustainable practices. By improving infrastructure, the scheme ensures fair prices for farmers and better quality products for consumers.
Test: Budget And Economic Survey - 2 - Question 16
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What new initiative is launched for supporting small-scale fisheries?
Detailed Solution for Test: Budget And Economic Survey - 2 - Question 16
The Blue Revolution Mission has been relaunched with a renewed focus on small-scale fisheries and aquaculture. It aims to enhance fish production, improve livelihood opportunities, and develop modern infrastructure. India’s vast coastline and inland water bodies offer enormous potential for fisheries, and the mission supports the construction of fishing harbors, cold storage, and processing units. The scheme also promotes sustainable fishing practices, disease control, and access to credit. Special attention is given to coastal and tribal communities that depend on fishing. Through this mission, the government seeks to increase exports, ensure nutritional security, and create employment in rural and coastal regions.
Test: Budget And Economic Survey - 2 - Question 17
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Which scheme focuses on increasing the coverage of crop insurance for farmers?
Detailed Solution for Test: Budget And Economic Survey - 2 - Question 17
PM Fasal Bima Yojana (PMFBY) is the flagship crop insurance scheme that aims to provide financial protection to farmers against crop losses due to natural calamities, pests, or diseases. The 2025–26 Budget emphasizes increasing its coverage by simplifying enrollment, using technology like satellite monitoring and drones, and improving claim settlement processes. The scheme offers low premium rates (2% for Kharif, 1.5% for Rabi, and 5% for commercial crops), with the balance subsidized by the government. By expanding coverage and ensuring timely payouts, PMFBY builds resilience in the agricultural sector and helps farmers recover from losses and continue farming confidently.
Test: Budget And Economic Survey - 2 - Question 18
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What is the primary goal of the National Mission on Edible Oils?
Detailed Solution for Test: Budget And Economic Survey - 2 - Question 18
The National Mission on Edible Oils – Oil Palm (NMEO-OP) focuses on achieving self-reliance in edible oil production. India currently imports over 60% of its edible oil needs, leading to a heavy import bill. The mission encourages farmers to grow oilseed crops like mustard, soybean, sunflower, and oil palm. It provides support for planting material, extension services, processing units, and marketing. By increasing domestic oil output, the mission aims to reduce dependence on imports, stabilize prices, and ensure availability of nutritious cooking oil. This is critical for food security and improving the incomes of oilseed farmers in states like Andhra Pradesh, Gujarat, and Rajasthan.
Test: Budget And Economic Survey - 2 - Question 19
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What is the goal of the government’s focus on boosting natural farming?
Detailed Solution for Test: Budget And Economic Survey - 2 - Question 19
The government’s push for natural farming is centered on reducing dependency on chemical fertilizers and pesticides. Natural farming relies on locally available inputs like cow dung, cow urine, and plant-based preparations to restore soil health and promote microbial activity. This eco-friendly approach lowers input costs for farmers and reduces environmental pollution. It helps maintain biodiversity and improves resilience to climate change. The budget promotes training programs, demonstration farms, and certification support to scale up natural farming practices. This aligns with long-term sustainability goals, ensuring safe food, preserving resources for future generations, and making agriculture more profitable and climate-resilient.
Test: Budget And Economic Survey - 2 - Question 20
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What is the main focus of the newly introduced Fisheries Infrastructure Fund?
Detailed Solution for Test: Budget And Economic Survey - 2 - Question 20
The Fisheries Infrastructure Fund introduced in the 2025–26 Budget focuses primarily on the construction of processing units to support value addition in the fisheries sector. Processing infrastructure is crucial for reducing post-harvest losses, improving product quality, and boosting exports. These units will enable packaging, freezing, and transformation of raw fish into marketable products like fillets, canned goods, and ready-to-eat items. The fund will also support modern storage and distribution systems. By enhancing processing capacity, the scheme creates employment, increases fishermen's income, and supports the Blue Economy. This aligns with the goal of doubling seafood exports and improving food safety standards.
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