Test: Calculation, Positive and Negative Numbers - Year 5 MCQ

To find the cost of one truck when the total cost for three trucks is $18, divide the total cost by the number of trucks: $18 ÷ 3 = $6. Thus, the cost of one truck is $6.

Subtraction is the inverse operation of addition. This relationship allows for solving equations where an unknown quantity needs to be found, demonstrating the interconnectedness of arithmetic operations.

The commutative law of multiplication allows the reordering of factors without changing the product. For example, 46 × 2 × 5 can be reordered as 46 × (2 × 5) = 46 × 10 = 460, demonstrating the flexibility in multiplication order.

A common method for solving missing number problems involves using inverse operations, such as recognizing that addition is the inverse of subtraction. This approach helps in systematically finding unknowns in mathematical equations.

Bridging zero refers to the method used when calculations involve moving from positive to negative numbers or vice versa. Understanding this concept is crucial for accurately adding and subtracting integers.

Positive numbers are defined as those that are greater than zero. This fundamental concept is essential in mathematics, particularly in operations involving both positive and negative numbers.

Estimation is the process of approximating the result of a calculation to make quick assessments. This is often used in real-world applications to gauge values before exact calculations are made.

The associative law of multiplication allows grouping factors in different ways without changing the product. For example, 46 × 2 × 5 can be grouped as (46 × 2) × 5 = 92 × 5 = 460, or 46 × (2 × 5) = 46 × 10 = 460, simplifying calculations.

To calculate 234 × 3 using place value, break it down as follows:

• 200 × 3 = 600
• 30 × 3 = 90
• 4 × 3 = 12

Total: 600 + 90 + 12 = 702. This method simplifies multiplication by leveraging place value components.

To calculate 4 - 4 - 5, proceed step-by-step:

• First, 4 - 4 = 0 (subtract 4 to reach zero).
• Then, 0 - 5 = -5 (subtract the remaining 5).

Thus, 4 - 4 - 5 = -5. This demonstrates bridging zero when moving from positive to negative numbers on a number line.