Test: Conjunction - Class 8 MCQ

Conjunctions are important parts of speech in English grammar. They are used to join or connect words, phrases, or sentences together. Here is a detailed explanation of conjunctions:
Definition:
- Conjunctions are words that connect or join different elements in a sentence.
- They are used to show the relationship between words, phrases, or clauses.
Function:
- Conjunctions are used to join words, phrases, or sentences together.
- They combine ideas and make the sentence more coherent and cohesive.
Types of Conjunctions:
1. Coordinating Conjunctions:
- Examples: and, but, or, so, for, yet, nor
- They join words, phrases, or clauses of equal importance.
2. Subordinating Conjunctions:
- Examples: although, because, if, since, while, when, before, after
- They introduce dependent clauses and show the relationship between the main and subordinate clauses.
3. Correlative Conjunctions:
- Examples: either...or, neither...nor, both...and, not only...but also
- They are used in pairs to join similar elements in a sentence.
4. Conjunctive Adverbs:
- Examples: however, therefore, moreover, consequently, nevertheless
- They connect independent clauses and show the relationship between ideas.
Examples:
- Coordinating Conjunctions: I like coffee and tea.
- Subordinating Conjunctions: If it rains, we will stay at home.
- Correlative Conjunctions: Both my brother and my sister are doctors.
- Conjunctive Adverbs: She loves to dance; however, she is not very good at it.
In conclusion, conjunctions play a crucial role in connecting words, phrases, or sentences together, helping to create coherent and meaningful sentences. They are essential for effective communication and should be used appropriately to convey the intended message.

What are cumulative conjunctions?

Cumulative conjunctions are a type of conjunction that join two different words or phrases together to create a cumulative effect. They are used to add information or to emphasize a point. Some common cumulative conjunctions include:

• And: Adds information or combines similar ideas


• Also: Adds information or emphasizes a point


• As well as: Adds information or includes additional items


• Moreover: Adds information or provides further evidence


• Furthermore: Adds information or extends a point


• In addition: Adds information or introduces an extra element

These conjunctions function to connect words or phrases, creating a cumulative effect that builds upon previous information or ideas. They are commonly used in both written and spoken English to enhance clarity and coherence in communication.

In summary, cumulative conjunctions join different words or phrases together to create a cumulative effect by adding information, emphasizing a point, or including additional elements.

Alternative Conjunctions
Alternative conjunctions are a type of conjunction that are used to present alternative choices or options in a sentence. They provide different possibilities or alternatives for the reader or listener to consider. Here are some examples:
Conjunctions that act like alternatives:
- Either...or: This conjunction presents two options and indicates that the outcome can be one or the other. For example, "You can either go to the party or stay at home."
- Neither...nor: This conjunction presents two negative options and indicates that neither option is true. For example, "Neither John nor Sarah attended the meeting."
- Whether...or: This conjunction presents two or more options and indicates that the outcome can be any of the options. For example, "I'm not sure whether I should take the train or drive."
Conjunctions that give alternative choices:
- Or: This conjunction presents a choice between two or more options. For example, "Would you like tea or coffee?"
- Nor: This conjunction presents a negative choice or alternative. For example, "I don't like coffee, nor do I like tea."
- Else: This conjunction presents an alternative option or choice. For example, "If you don't want pizza, we can order something else."
Conclusion:
Alternative conjunctions play a crucial role in presenting alternative choices or options in a sentence. They help to provide clarity and allow the reader or listener to consider different possibilities. By using these conjunctions effectively, you can make your writing more engaging and provide a range of options for your audience to consider.

Explanation:
Adversative conjunctions are used to show contrast or opposition between two ideas or clauses. They are used to connect phrases or clauses that express opposite or conflicting ideas.
The sentence that is an example of adversative conjunctions is:
A: "He is slow, but he is steady."
Reason:
In this sentence, the conjunction "but" is used to connect two contrasting ideas. The first clause "He is slow" suggests a lack of speed or progress, while the second clause "he is steady" suggests stability or consistency. The use of "but" shows the opposition or contrast between these two ideas.
The other options:
B: "Nilu is honest, though she is poor."
- The conjunction "though" is a concessive conjunction, not an adversative conjunction. It introduces a contrasting or unexpected fact.
C: "My father took medicine so that he might recover."
- The conjunction "so that" is a subordinating conjunction, not an adversative conjunction. It introduces a purpose or result.
D: "She will pass, for she works very hard."
- The conjunction "for" is a coordinating conjunction, not an adversative conjunction. It introduces a reason or explanation.
Overall, option A is the correct answer as it contains an adversative conjunction that shows contrast or opposition between two ideas.

Explanation:
The correct example of an illative conjunction is:
B: "She will pass, for she works very hard"
Illative conjunctions are used to show a cause-and-effect relationship or to express a conclusion or inference. In this example, the conjunction "for" is used to indicate the reason or cause for the statement "she will pass." It implies that the reason for her passing is her hard work.
Here is a breakdown of the options and why they are correct or incorrect:
- A: "I do not know, where she lives" - This is not an example of an illative conjunction. It is a subordinate conjunction ("where") used to introduce a subordinate clause.
- B: "She will pass, for she works very hard" - This is the correct example of an illative conjunction. The conjunction "for" is used to show the reason or cause for the statement.
- C: "Don't let yourself down" - This is not an example of an illative conjunction. It is a imperative sentence giving a command.
- D: "He is slow, but he is steady" - This is not an example of an illative conjunction. It is a coordinating conjunction ("but") used to join two independent clauses.
In summary, option B is the correct example of an illative conjunction because it shows a cause-and-effect relationship between the two clauses.

To identify and choose the correct answers from the given options A, B, C, and D, we can analyze each option and determine which ones are correct. Let's break down the options and evaluate them:
1. Option A: Otherwise
- This word implies a contrasting or alternative situation.
- It does not directly indicate a cause-and-effect relationship between two statements.
- Therefore, it is not a suitable answer in this context.
2. Option B: Therefore
- This word indicates a cause-and-effect relationship between two statements.
- It is often used to draw a conclusion or result from a previous statement.
- Therefore, it can be a correct answer in this context.
3. Option C: Hence
- Similar to "therefore," this word also indicates a cause-and-effect relationship.
- It is often used to show a logical consequence or result.
- Hence, it can also be a correct answer in this context.
4. Option D: All
- This option implies that all the given options (A, B, and C) are correct.
- It suggests that "otherwise," "therefore," and "hence" can all be appropriate in certain situations.
- Therefore, this can be a correct answer if we assume that multiple options can be correct.
Based on the analysis, options B and C are suitable answers in the context of indicating cause-and-effect relationships. However, as option D states that "all" the given options are correct, it covers both B and C. Therefore, the correct answer is option D.

Correct option of cumulative conjunctions:

• And: This conjunction is used to connect two or more similar ideas or elements in a sentence. It indicates addition or accumulation of information.

The correct option for cumulative conjunctions is option A: And.

Answer:
Alternative conjunctions are used to present a choice or alternative between two or more options. In this case, the alternative conjunction is used to connect two independent clauses and present a choice between the two possibilities. Let's analyze each option to determine which one fits this criteria:
Option A:

She must weep or she will die

- This sentence uses the alternative conjunction "or" to present a choice between two actions: weeping or dying.
Option B:

Trust in god and do the right

- This sentence uses the coordinating conjunction "and" to connect two independent clauses, but it does not present a choice or alternative.
Option C:

She is no less than her cover is innocent

- This sentence does not contain an alternative conjunction. It uses the comparative phrase "no less than" to make a comparison, but it does not present a choice.
Option D:

Dreams of white Americans with black swans

- This sentence does not contain an alternative conjunction. It describes a specific type of dream, but it does not present a choice or alternative.
Therefore, the correct answer is option A: "She must weep or she will die." This sentence uses the alternative conjunction "or" to present a choice between two actions.

Adversative Conjunctions

Adversative conjunctions are used to connect two clauses or sentences that express contrast, opposition, or difference. They highlight the difference between the ideas presented in the clauses or sentences. The main function of adversative conjunctions is to show a contrast or opposition between two ideas.

Examples of Adversative Conjunctions

• But: It is used to present a contrast between two ideas. Example: He is intelligent, but lazy.


• Yet: It is used to show a contradiction or unexpected result. Example: She studied hard, yet failed the exam.


• However: It is used to introduce a contrasting or surprising statement. Example: The weather was bad; however, we still went out.


• Although: It is used to introduce a contrast or concession. Example: Although it was raining, we went for a walk.


• While: It is used to show a contrast or difference. Example: He likes coffee, while she prefers tea.

Answer:

The correct answer is D: Both a & b. Adversative conjunctions express both opposition and contrast between ideas.

Adversative conjunctions are important in writing as they help to create a balance and add complexity to the ideas presented. They allow writers to show contrasting viewpoints, highlight differences, and present a more nuanced perspective. By using adversative conjunctions effectively, writers can make their writing more engaging and thought-provoking.

Explanation:
Illative conjunctions are used to show a logical consequence or inference between two statements. They indicate that one statement follows logically from another.
Options:
A:

For

- This is the correct example of an illative conjunction. It is used to indicate a reason or cause that leads to a logical conclusion.
B:

Or

- This is not an example of an illative conjunction. It is a coordinating conjunction used to present alternatives or choices.
C:

And

- This is not an example of an illative conjunction. It is a coordinating conjunction used to join two similar or related ideas.
D:

Though

- This is not an example of an illative conjunction. It is a concessive conjunction used to introduce a contrasting or unexpected idea.
Therefore, the correct answer is A:

For

.