Test: Culture And Socialisation - 2 - Humanities/Arts MCQ

• Statement I is true as cultural norms are indeed influenced by local conditions and upbringing.
• Statement II is true as laws are designed to be applied uniformly, despite cultural differences.

• Environmental changes often necessitate adaptations.
• Adoption of technologies follows to improve living standards.
• Exposure to cultures can introduce new practices.
• Legal restrictions may come later as regulatory responses.

- The Assertion (A) is correct; oral traditions indeed use repetition to aid memory and ensure the stories are accurately transmitted across generations.

- The Reason (R) is false; writing significantly influences both the creation and appreciation of art in literate societies, as it allows for more elaborate expression and documentation.

- Since the Assertion is true and the Reason is false, the correct answer is Option A, as the reason does not explain the assertion.

- Statement i is incorrect because culture is not merely about high art or separating refined individuals from the masses; it encompasses a broader range of human experiences and practices.

- Statement ii is correct as Edward Taylor's definition of culture includes various aspects such as knowledge, beliefs, and practices.

- Statement iii is incorrect because the cognitive dimension relates to how we understand and interpret the world, while the normative dimension pertains to the rules we follow.

- Statement iv is correct as it accurately describes material culture's focus on activities using tools or machines.

Thus, the correct statements are ii and iv, making Option A the answer.

• Assertion: The assertion is true as culture has historically been viewed in a hierarchical manner, differentiating between those with refined tastes and the wider population.
• Reason: The reason is also true since culture indeed includes a wide range of human experiences and shared practices within a society.
• However, the reason does not serve as a correct explanation for the assertion. The assertion focuses on the perception of culture as a divider, while the reason illustrates the broader, more inclusive definition of culture, which does not inherently support the idea of separation based on taste.

• Cognitive aspects involve how we process and understand information.
• Material aspects refer to physical objects and technologies we use.
• Normative aspects are about societal norms and rules.
• Culture and identity deal with how cultural understanding forms our group identity.

• Socialization is the process through which individuals learn and adapt to the norms, values, and behaviors necessary to function as members of society.
• Modernization, industrialization, and liberalization refer to broader socio-economic transformations and do not specifically describe the individual's integration into societal norms as socialization does.

• Statement i is correct because it highlights that the Jarawas, Great Andamanese, and Shompens effectively used traditional knowledge to anticipate and respond to natural disasters.
• Statement ii is incorrect, as modern science does not inherently guarantee better preparedness than indigenous practices.
• Statement iii is also incorrect because cultures should not be ranked solely by technological advancements, but rather assessed based on their adaptability to challenges.
• Statement iv is correct, as it acknowledges that indigenous cultures can cope with natural challenges in varying ways depending on their environments.
• Thus, the correct statements are i and iv, making Option B the accurate choice.

• Indigenous cultures like the Jarawas, Great Andamanese, and Shompens effectively predict and respond to natural disasters.
• They possess valuable adaptive strategies developed through generations of experience with their environments.
• This illustrates that cultural effectiveness should not be measured solely by technological advancement.
• Rather, it should be viewed through the lens of the ability to navigate and survive in specific ecological contexts.
• Many indigenous practices are based on deep ecological knowledge.
• This knowledge has been passed down over centuries.
• Indigenous strategies prove to be incredibly effective in their respective environments.

Oral Tradition Specialists are experts in non-literate societies who are specifically trained to remember and recite legends and lore during significant cultural events like festivals or rituals. This practice is crucial for preserving the history and traditions of cultures that do not rely on written records.