Test: Food Production - Class 8 MCQ

Rice is the most significant kharif crop, grown during the rainy season from July to October. Kharif crops depend on the monsoon rains and are typically sown at the beginning of the rainy season.

All of the mentioned livestock types—dairy cattle, goats, sheep, and poultry—are raised for meat production. Each type provides different kinds of meat and has various advantages in livestock farming.

The Green Revolution refers to the significant increase in agricultural production in India due to modern farming techniques, including the use of high-yielding varieties, fertilizers, and irrigation. This revolution has helped address food security in the country.

Organic farming focuses on maintaining soil fertility through natural practices such as crop rotation and the use of organic manure, avoiding harmful chemicals. This approach promotes sustainable agriculture and protects the environment.

Food crops are specifically cultivated for human consumption and include cereals, pulses, and oilseeds. Understanding the classification of crops helps in agricultural planning and resource allocation.

Biennial plants complete their life cycle over two years, where they typically focus on vegetative growth in the first year and produce flowers and seeds in the second year. This characteristic is essential for their reproduction and survival.

Yeast primarily absorbs simple sugars as their source of nutrition. During fermentation, they break down these sugars to produce alcohol and carbon dioxide, which are crucial in baking and brewing processes.

Aquaculture is the farming of aquatic animals such as fish, prawns, and mollusks. It plays a vital role in providing a sustainable food source, especially in coastal regions where fish is a primary dietary component.

Saccharomyces is the genus of yeast most commonly used in the fermentation process for producing alcoholic beverages like wine and beer. This yeast efficiently converts sugars into alcohol and carbon dioxide, which is essential for the brewing and baking industries.

Nitrogen-fixing bacteria are vital in agriculture as they convert atmospheric nitrogen into soluble nitrates, which plants can readily absorb. This process enhances soil fertility and reduces the need for chemical fertilizers.

Curd is made through fermentation, where bacteria like Lactobacillus convert lactose in milk into lactic acid. This process lowers the pH, resulting in the thickening of the milk into curd. Fermentation not only preserves the milk but also enhances its nutritional value.

Poultry farming primarily aims to produce eggs and meat. It is a crucial part of the agricultural sector, providing a source of protein for human consumption and contributing to the livelihoods of many farmers.

Nitrogen-fixing bacteria in the root nodules of leguminous plants convert atmospheric nitrogen into nitrates, which the plants can utilize for growth. This symbiotic relationship is essential for enriching soil fertility.

Microorganisms play a crucial role in food production by fermenting food and producing beneficial substances, such as lactic acid in curd, which enhances flavor and preservation. While some microorganisms can cause diseases, many are essential for various food processes and even in medicine.

Fish liver oil is rich in vitamins A and D, making it a valuable dietary supplement. It is often used to enhance nutrition and support overall health, particularly for its benefits in maintaining healthy vision and immune function.

Bacteria thrive in environments with moderate temperatures (25-45°C), sufficient moisture, and adequate nutrients. Most bacteria prefer a neutral pH around 7.4, but they can adapt to slightly acidic or alkaline conditions.

The first step in mushroom cultivation is composting, where materials like straw and manure are mixed and prepared to create a suitable environment for mushroom growth. Proper composting is crucial for successful mushroom production as it provides the necessary nutrients.

A bacillus bacterium is characterized by its rod-shaped structure. This is one of the common shapes of bacteria, alongside cocci (round) and spirilla (spiral). Understanding these shapes helps in identifying and studying different bacterial species.

Sericulture involves the rearing of silkworms to produce silk. The process includes breeding the silkworms, harvesting the cocoons, and extracting the silk threads. This industry is significant for its economic contributions and the employment it generates.

Bacteria are essential in sewage disposal as they degrade organic matter, helping to break down waste and convert it into biogas. This process not only reduces pollution but also generates renewable energy, demonstrating the importance of bacteria in environmental management.