Test: Humidity - Class 9 MCQ

Convectional rainfall occurs in equatorial regions where high temperatures cause rapid evaporation. The warm, moist air rises, cools, and condenses, leading to heavy rainfall often accompanied by thunderstorms.

Latent heat refers to the hidden energy that is absorbed or released during phase changes of water, such as when ice melts to form water or when water evaporates into vapor, without a change in temperature. This energy is critical in processes like condensation and evaporation.

Strong, dry winds can significantly increase the evaporation rate of water by removing moisture-laden air and allowing drier air to replace it. This is why clothes dry faster on windy days, as the wind enhances the evaporation process.

From May to October, heavy rainfall is typically observed in equatorial regions and Eastern Asia due to the influence of onshore winds bringing moisture from the ocean, which is crucial for agriculture and water supply in these regions.

Coastal monsoon regions of Asia are classified as areas of heavy rainfall, often receiving more than 200 cm of rain annually due to the seasonal reversal of winds that bring moisture from the oceans.

Relative humidity measures the amount of water vapor in the air compared to the maximum amount it can hold at a specific temperature, expressed as a percentage. This concept is vital in understanding weather patterns and comfort levels in various climates.

Cirrostratus clouds are found at high altitudes (above 6 km) and are primarily made of ice crystals. They often cover the sky and can create halos around the sun or moon, indicating moisture in the upper atmosphere.

Evaporation is the process where water transforms from a liquid state to water vapor, primarily due to heat from the Sun. This phenomenon is essential for the water cycle, contributing to cloud formation and precipitation.

Humidity is defined as the amount of water vapor present in a given volume of air. It plays a crucial role in weather conditions and how we perceive temperature. For instance, high humidity can make the air feel warmer, while low humidity can lead to a cooler sensation despite similar temperatures.

Frost is a form of precipitation that consists of ice crystals forming on surfaces when water vapor freezes at temperatures below 0°C. It can create beautiful patterns and is common in colder climates.

Dew is formed when water vapor condenses into liquid water droplets on cool surfaces, such as grass or leaves, typically during the night or early morning. This phenomenon illustrates the cooling effects of nighttime temperatures on moisture in the air.

Mountains play a crucial role in orographic rainfall by forcing moisture-laden winds to rise. As the air rises, it cools and condenses, resulting in precipitation on the windward side, while the leeward side may experience significantly less rain.

Mumbai is an example of a coastal city that experiences heavy rainfall, particularly due to its location on the windward side of the Western Ghats, which captures moisture-laden winds from the ocean, resulting in significant precipitation.

Solar energy is the primary driver of the water cycle, causing evaporation of water from oceans, lakes, and rivers. The heat from the sun facilitates the transformation of water into vapor, which is essential for cloud formation and precipitation.

Cyclonic rainfall occurs when warm and cold air masses meet, causing the warmer air to rise over the colder air, cool, and condense to form rain. This type of rainfall is often observed during tropical cyclones and can lead to heavy precipitation.

Precipitation is the process by which condensed water vapor falls to the Earth as various forms, including rain, snow, hail, and sleet. This is a key component of the water cycle, replenishing groundwater and surface water bodies.

Condensation occurs when water vapor cools and changes back into liquid water droplets. This process is visible when dew forms on grass or water droplets appear on a cold glass, demonstrating how cooling air can lead to moisture accumulation.

The western margins of mid-latitude continents, such as Western Europe, experience year-round rainfall due to prevailing winds and ocean currents that bring moisture continuously to these areas, contributing to their temperate climates.

Condensation occurs when water vapor changes into liquid water droplets, often clustering around tiny particles such as dust or salt. This process is critical in cloud formation and is essential for the water cycle.

Hail is a type of precipitation that consists of solid ice pellets falling from clouds. It forms during thunderstorms when strong updrafts carry raindrops into extremely cold areas of the atmosphere, allowing them to freeze and fall.