Test: Indian Constitution and Fundamental Concepts- 2 - Class 5 MCQ

Article 368 in Part XX of the Constitution deals with the powers of Parliament to amend the Constitution and its procedure. It states that the Parliament may, in an exercise of its constituent power, amend by way of addition, variation or repeal any provision of the Constitution in accordance with the procedure laid down for the purpose. However, the Parliament cannot amend those provisions which form the ‘basic structure’ of the Constitution. This was ruled by the Supreme Court in the Kesavananda Bharati case (1973).

A mere declaration of fundamental rights in the Constitution is meaningless, useless and worthless without providing an effective machinery for their enforcement, if and when they are violated. Hence, Article 32 confers the right to remedies for the enforcement of the fundamental rights of an aggrieved citizen. In other words, the right to get the Fundamental Rights protected is in itself a fundamental right. This makes the fundamental rights real. That is why Dr. B.R. Ambedkar called Article 32 as the most important article of the Constitution—‘an Article without which this constitution would be a nullity. It is the very soul of the Constitution and the very heart of it’.

The Fundamental Rights are meant for promoting the ideals of political democracy. They prevent the establishment of an authoritarian and despotic rule in the country and protect the liberties and freedoms of the people against the invasion by the State. They operate as limitations on the tyranny of the executive and arbitrary laws of the legislature. In short, they aim at establishing ‘a government of laws and not of men’. The Fundamental Rights are named so because they are guaranteed and protected by the Constitution, which is the fundamental law of the land. This makes the constitution of India more liberal to its citizens. So option A is correct. 

The Constitution itself declares that the Directive Principles of State Policy are fundamental to the governance of the country. These are the constitutional instructions or recommendations to the State in legislative, executive and administrative matters. The Directive Principles constitute a very comprehensive economic, social and political programme for a modern democratic State. They aim at realising the high ideals of justice, liberty, equality and fraternity as outlined in the Preamble to the Constitution. The Directive Principles of State Policy are enumerated in Part IV of the Constitution from Articles 36 to 51.

The term ‘justice’ in the Preamble embraces three distinct forms—social, economic and political, secured through various provisions of Fundamental Rights and Directive Principles. Economic justice denotes the non-discrimination between people on the basis of economic factors. It involves the elimination of glaring inequalities in wealth, income and property. A combination of social justice and economic justice denotes what is known as ‘distributive justice’. The concept of Economic Justice is also mentioned under the Directive Principles of State Policy.

The term of Governor's office is normally 5 years but it can be terminated earlier by Dismissal by the President (usually on the advice of the Prime Minister of the country) at whose pleasure the Governor holds office.

The Prime Minister is responsible for aiding and advising the President in the distribution of work of the Government to various ministries and offices and in terms of the Government of India (Allocation of Business) Rules, 1961. The co-ordinating work is generally allocated to the Cabinet Secretariat. While generally the work of the Government is divided into various Ministries, the Prime Minister may retain certain portfolios if they are not allocated to any member of the cabinet. 

On 22 February 2014, after tensions in the Democratic Party, the PDs Secretary Matteo Renzi  was sworn in as the new Prime Minister. 

Give up LPG Subsidy is a campaign launched in March 2015 by the Indian Government led by Prime Minister Narendra Modi. It is aimed at motivating LPG users who can afford to pay the market price for LPG to voluntarily surrender their LPG subsidy.  

Fundamental Rights via the Constitution 44th Amendment Act, 1978. It was instead made a constitutional right under Article 300 A which states that. " No person can be deprived of his property except by authority of law."

Bhoomi is a project jointly funded by the Government of India and the Government of Karnataka to digitize the paper land records and create a software mechanism to control changes to the land registry in Karnataka.

Madhya Pradesh government has appointed former Chief Secretary Rakesh Sahni as the Chairman of Narmada Valley Development Authority (NVDA) in July 2015

The present strength of Rajya Sabha, however, is 245, out of which 233 are representatives of the States and Union territories of Delhi and Puducherry and 12 are nominated by the President.

Raja Chelliah: The father of tax reform
The two commissions appointed in the maiden budget of Manmohan Singh in 1991 were one on tax reforms chaired by Raja Chelliah and another on the financial sector reform chaired by M Narasimham.
The report of the Tax Reform Commission provided the basis of reforms in the tax system. 
The broad thrust of reforms was to move away from the levy of extortionary rates. The attempt was to evolve a tax system broadening the base and levying lower and less differentiated rates to evolve a simpler system. Broadening the base entailed having a relook at the tax preferences.

Legislature: the part of government which is concerned with making of rules.