Test: Partition of Bengal - Class 10 MCQ

At the 1906 session, the Indian National Congress condemned the partition of Bengal and declared Swaraj (self-rule) as its primary goal. This position highlighted the Congress's commitment to resisting British policies and advocating for Indian self-governance.

The split in the Indian National Congress during the Surat session in 1907 resulted in a division between early nationalists, who favored a moderate approach, and assertive nationalists, who advocated for more direct action against British rule. This split weakened the national movement and allowed the British to exploit the divisions.

The failure of the Swadeshi Movement can be attributed to the lack of popular leadership following the arrests of key leaders like Bal Gangadhar Tilak and Lala Lajpat Rai. Their absence weakened the movement's momentum and cohesion, making it more challenging to sustain widespread participation.

"Amar Sonar Bangla," composed by Rabindranath Tagore during the anti-partition movement, became a powerful symbol of Bengali nationalism and later served as the national anthem of Bangladesh. This song captured the sentiments of unity and resistance against colonial oppression.

The Swadeshi Movement significantly impacted the Indian economy by promoting the establishment of indigenous industries, including textile mills and manufacturing units. This shift aimed to reduce reliance on British imports and foster self-sufficiency, contributing to economic independence.

October 16, 1905, was observed as a day of national mourning across Bengal, with widespread protests, fasts, and strikes. This collective response highlighted the emotional and political turmoil caused by the partition and demonstrated the strength of public opposition to British colonial policies.

During the 1906 session, the Indian National Congress condemned the partition of Bengal and declared Swaraj (self-government) as its primary goal. This stance reflected the growing discontent with British policies and the desire for greater political autonomy among Indians.

"Vande Mataram" became a significant anthem during the anti-partition protests, symbolizing the unity and resistance of the Indian people against colonial rule. It inspired many during the movement and later became a central piece of the Indian independence struggle.

The anti-partition protests were led by a diverse coalition that included students, women, zamindars, merchants, and various social groups. This broad-based participation highlighted the widespread opposition to British policies and the collective desire for national unity.

The British government enacted the Prevention of Seditious Meeting Act as part of their efforts to suppress the anti-partition movement. This legislation aimed to restrict public gatherings and demonstrations, reflecting the British strategy of controlling dissent in colonial India.

Chidambaram Pillai founded the Swadeshi Steam Navigation Company in Tuticorin, which was a significant step towards promoting Indian-owned shipping and reducing dependence on foreign services. This initiative was part of the broader Swadeshi Movement aimed at economic self-reliance.

October 16, 1905, marked the day of mourning following the partition of Bengal. On this day, people across Bengal observed fasts and organized hartals (strikes) to express their opposition to the division, demonstrating the deep emotional and political impact of the partition.

The British government attempted to suppress the Swadeshi Movement through a series of repressive laws, including censorship of newspapers and banning public gatherings. This strategy was designed to stifle dissent and prevent the mobilization of support for the nationalist cause.

Bal Gangadhar Tilak was instrumental in popularizing the Swadeshi Movement in Mumbai and Pune. He established the 'Swadeshi Wastu Pracharini Sabha' to promote indigenous products and led various campaigns advocating for self-sufficiency against British imports.

The Swadeshi Movement led to the establishment of various national educational institutions aimed at promoting literary, technical, and physical education. These institutions were founded to foster a sense of nationalism and self-reliance among the youth, contributing to the broader struggle for independence.

The anti-partition protests significantly bolstered the Swadeshi Movement, which emphasized the use of indigenous products and the boycott of British goods. This grassroots movement was crucial in fostering a sense of national identity and self-reliance among Indians.

The partition of Bengal aimed to weaken the burgeoning nationalist movement by dividing the province along communal lines. The British believed that creating a division between the Hindu majority in West Bengal and the Muslim majority in East Bengal would diminish the influence of a united Bengali identity and nationalism. This strategy was part of the broader British policy of "divide and rule."

The anti-partition movement led to the establishment of new Indian industries, including textile mills and manufacturing units. This development was part of a broader push for economic independence and self-sufficiency, aiming to reduce reliance on British imports.

The British government responded to the anti-partition movement by implementing stricter laws and censorship, including banning rallies and arresting leaders. This crackdown was intended to suppress dissent and maintain control over the increasingly restless Indian populace.

The anti-partition movement catalyzed the growth of the Swadeshi and Boycott Movements, encouraging people to support local products and industries. This movement not only fostered economic self-reliance but also became a cornerstone of the broader Indian nationalist struggle against British imperialism.