Test: Political Parties - 4 - Class 10 MCQ

Explanation:
Statement A: Parties reflect fundamental political unity in a society.
- This statement is not entirely correct. While parties can represent different interests and ideologies within a society, they do not necessarily reflect fundamental political unity. There can be multiple parties with conflicting views and goals.
Statement B: Parties try to persuade people why their policies are better than others.
- This statement is correct. Political parties aim to convince the public that their policies and ideas are superior to those of other parties. They engage in campaigns, debates, and other forms of communication to gain support for their policies.
Statement C: They seek to implement these policies by winning popular support through elections.
- This statement is also correct. Parties participate in elections to secure popular support and gain political power. By winning elections, they can implement their policies and agendas.
Statement D: All the above.
- This statement is correct as it includes all the above statements, which have been explained individually.
In conclusion, the correct statement is D: All the above. Political parties try to persuade people why their policies are better than others and seek to implement these policies by winning popular support through elections.

Parties put forward different policies and programmes and the voters choose from them. Each of us may have different opinions and views on what policies are suitable for the society. But no government can handle such a large variety of views. In a democracy, a large number of similar opinions have to be grouped together to provide a direction in which policies can be formulated by the governments.

The correct option is D.
The functions political parties perform in a democracy are:
1) Candidates are put forward by parties to contest in elections. These candidates may be chosen by the members of the party or by the leaders of the party.
2) Parties put forward different policies and programmes and the voters choose from them.
3) Parties play an important role in making laws for a country. Laws are usually debated and passed in the legislature.
4) Parties form and run governments. They recruit leaders and train them to be ministers and run the government in the way they want it.
5) Parties that lose the election form the opposition. The opposition voices different views and criticizes the failures of the government.
6) Parties shape public opinion. They have lakhs of members all over the country, and they play a great role in influencing the way people think.
7) Parties provide the common man access to government machinery and welfare schemes. It is easier for a person to meet a local party leader than a government official.

Who chooses the candidates for contesting elections in India?
The candidates for contesting elections in India are chosen by the top party leadership.
Explanation:
In India, the process of candidate selection for elections is primarily determined by the top leadership of political parties. Here is a detailed explanation of the process:
1. Internal Party Process: Political parties have an internal mechanism to select candidates for elections. This process involves several steps, including:
- Party Members and Supporters: Members and supporters of the party can suggest potential candidates for consideration.
- Intra-party Discussions: Party leaders and members engage in discussions and deliberations to shortlist candidates.
- Selection Committees: The party may have a designated selection committee that assesses the suitability of candidates based on various criteria such as popularity, loyalty, qualifications, and electability.
- Voting: In some cases, party members or specific committees may vote to finalize the candidate.
2. Party Supremo: Ultimately, the final decision regarding candidate selection rests with the top leadership of the political party. This includes the party president, national executive members, and other influential leaders.
3. Considerations: The top party leadership takes various factors into account while selecting candidates:
- Winability: The candidate's chances of winning the election are a significant consideration.
- Party Loyalty: The candidate's loyalty to the party and adherence to its ideology are crucial.
- Public Image: The candidate's public image and reputation play a role in selection.
- Demographics: Factors like caste, religion, region, and community representation are also considered to create a diverse candidate list.
4. Consultation: In some cases, the party leaders may consult with local party workers, influential members, or community leaders to gather opinions or seek consensus on candidate selection.
5. Final Announcement: Once the top party leadership makes the final decision, the chosen candidates are officially announced as the party's nominees for the respective elections.
Conclusion:
In India, the selection of candidates for contesting elections is a complex process that involves internal party mechanisms and the final decision-making authority of the top party leadership. The aim is to choose candidates who have the best chance of winning the election and align with the party's ideology and goals.

The correct answer is D as The Communist Party of India (Marxist) (CPI (M)) is a communist political party in India. It is one of the national parties of India

CPI(M) supports socialism, secularism and democracy and opposes imperialism and communalism. Accepts democratic elections as a useful and helpful means for securing the objective of socio- economic justice in India.

States where CPI (M) enjoys strong support:

• West Bengal: The CPI (M) has historically enjoyed strong support in West Bengal, where it had been in power for 34 years until 2011. The party has a strong organizational base and a significant presence in rural areas.

States where CPI (M) does not enjoy strong support:

• Uttar Pradesh: The CPI (M) does not enjoy strong support in Uttar Pradesh. The party has a limited presence and influence in the state.


• Andhra Pradesh: The CPI (M) also does not have strong support in Andhra Pradesh. The party has a relatively small presence and is not a major political force in the state.


• Chhattisgarh: The CPI (M) does not have strong support in Chhattisgarh. The party has a limited presence and influence in the state.

Overall, the CPI (M) enjoys strong support primarily in West Bengal, where it has a significant presence and has held power for a long period of time. However, in other states like Uttar Pradesh, Andhra Pradesh, and Chhattisgarh, the party's support is relatively weak.

An affidavit is a signed document submitted to an officer, where a person makes a sworn statement regarding her personal information. Here is a detailed explanation:
Definition:
- An affidavit is a written statement of facts that is sworn or affirmed to be true under oath.
- It is a legal document that is used to provide evidence or support to a claim or statement.
Key Points:
- An affidavit is a signed document that is typically submitted to a court or government official.
- It is used to declare or state facts, personal information, or provide evidence in a legal matter.
- The person making the affidavit is known as the affiant or deponent.
- The affiant must sign the document in the presence of a notary public or other authorized officer who administers an oath or affirmation.
- Affidavits are often required in various legal proceedings such as divorce cases, immigration applications, or criminal trials.
- They are considered to be a form of testimony and carry legal consequences if found to be false or misleading.
Examples:
- A person may need to submit an affidavit when applying for a marriage license, stating that they are of legal age and meet all the requirements.
- In a court case, a witness may provide an affidavit to support their testimony if they cannot appear in person.
- In an immigration application, an affidavit may be required to prove a relationship or provide evidence of financial support.
Therefore, the correct answer is A: affidavit.

Correct Statement:
The correct statement is D: All the above.
Explanation:
- Statement A: Every party in the country has to register with the Election Commission.
- This statement is correct. According to the electoral laws of the country, every political party must register with the Election Commission in order to participate in elections.
- Statement B: The Commission treats all the parties equally.
- This statement is correct. The Election Commission is responsible for ensuring a level playing field for all political parties. It ensures that all parties are treated equally in terms of rules and regulations governing election campaigns, funding, and other aspects.
- Statement C: It offers some special facilities to large and established parties.
- This statement is also correct. While the Election Commission treats all parties equally, it also recognizes the need to provide certain facilities to larger and established political parties. These facilities may include reserved symbols, more campaign expenditure limits, etc.
Therefore, all the statements A, B, and C are correct, and the answer is D: All the above.

Parties registered with the Election Commission of India:
- As of 2021, there are more than 750 parties registered with the Election Commission of India.
- The Election Commission of India is responsible for overseeing and regulating the electoral process in the country.
- The registration of political parties with the Election Commission of India is governed by the Representation of the People Act, 1951.
- To be registered as a political party, a party must fulfill certain criteria, such as having a minimum number of members and adhering to the principles of secularism and democracy.
- Registered political parties are eligible to contest elections at various levels, including national, state, and local elections.
- The Election Commission of India maintains a publicly accessible list of registered political parties on its official website.
- The number of registered parties is subject to change as new parties may be registered and existing parties may be deregistered.
- The large number of registered parties in India reflects the diverse and vibrant political landscape of the country. Different parties cater to various ideologies, interests, and regional aspirations.
- The presence of numerous parties also provides voters with a wide range of choices during elections, promoting a healthy democracy.
In conclusion, there are currently more than 750 parties registered with the Election Commission of India.

One-Party System Countries:
China is the country with a one-party system.
Explanation:
- India: India does not have a one-party system. It follows a multi-party system where multiple political parties participate in elections and have the opportunity to form a government.
- China: China has a one-party system where the Communist Party of China (CPC) is the only political party allowed to govern. Other parties exist in China but are subservient to the CPC, and their role is limited.
- USA: The United States does not have a one-party system. It follows a two-party system dominated by the Democratic and Republican parties. Multiple parties participate in elections, and power can alternate between the two major parties.
- UK: The United Kingdom also does not have a one-party system. It follows a multi-party system where several political parties compete in elections, and power can be held by different parties or coalition governments.
In conclusion, among the given options, China is the country with a one-party system.

The answer to the question "Which of these is not a good option for a democratic state?" is option A: One-party system.
Explanation:
A one-party system is not a good option for a democratic state because it limits political diversity and can lead to authoritarian rule. Here are the reasons why a one-party system is not suitable for a democratic state:
1. Lack of political competition: In a one-party system, there is only one political party that holds power. This eliminates the possibility of alternative viewpoints and limits political competition. A healthy democracy thrives on the competition of ideas and multiple parties representing different interests.
2. Lack of checks and balances: Without multiple political parties, there is a lack of checks and balances on the ruling party. This can lead to a concentration of power and potential abuse of authority, undermining democratic principles.
3. Suppression of dissent: One-party systems often suppress dissent and opposition, limiting freedom of speech and expression. Opposition parties and independent voices are either marginalized or suppressed, hindering the ability of citizens to hold the government accountable.
4. Limited representation: A one-party system may not adequately represent the diverse interests and opinions of the population. Without multiple parties, there is a risk of excluding minority groups and their concerns from the political process.
5. Lack of transparency and accountability: In the absence of a strong opposition, the ruling party may not be held accountable for its actions. Transparency and accountability are essential for a democratic state to ensure that the government serves the interests of the people.
In conclusion, a one-party system is not a good option for a democratic state as it restricts political diversity, limits checks and balances, suppresses dissent, hinders representation, and undermines transparency and accountability. A multi-party system, on the other hand, allows for a wider range of perspectives, fosters healthy competition, and promotes a more inclusive and robust democracy.

Answer:
Two-party system:
A two-party system is a political system where two major political parties dominate the political landscape. These parties typically compete against each other in elections, and one of them usually forms the government.
Countries with a two-party system:
The example of a two-party system can be seen in the following countries:
- USA: The United States is often cited as a prime example of a two-party system. The two major political parties in the USA are the Democratic Party and the Republican Party. These two parties have dominated American politics for many years, and the majority of elected officials at the national level are affiliated with one of these parties.
- UK: The United Kingdom also operates under a two-party system. The two major political parties in the UK are the Conservative Party and the Labour Party. These two parties have historically been the most influential in British politics, and governments are usually formed by one of these parties.
Conclusion:
The correct answer is option D, which states that both the USA and the UK are examples of two-party systems.

The 335 members included both the Congress-led United Progressive Alliance, the governing coalition formed after the election, as well as external support from the Bahujan Samaj Party (BSP), Samajwadi Party (SP), Kerala Congress (KC) and the Left Front.

A party system is a concept in comparative political science concerning the system of government by political parties in a democratic country. One-party system: a system in which a single political party has the right to form the existing constitution, or where only one party has the exclusive control over political power.

B is the correct option.Parties recognised as such are given unique symbols which only the official candidates of that party can use. The parties that get these privileges and some other special facilities are “recognised by the Election Commission” of India for this purpose. That is why these parties are called recognised parties.

Explanation:
A recognized 'State party' is defined as a political party that meets certain criteria and is granted special privileges and rights by the Election Commission of India. Among the options given, Option B is the correct answer. Here's why:
Criteria for being recognized as a 'State party':
- Securing at least 6% of the total votes: The party must receive a minimum of 6% of the total votes cast in an election to the State Assembly.
- Winning at least 2 seats: In addition to securing a minimum of 6% of the total votes, the party must also win at least 2 seats in the State Assembly election.
Explanation of options:
A: A party that secures 6% of total votes in the Assembly election
- This option only considers the percentage of votes secured and does not take into account the number of seats won. It is not sufficient to be recognized as a 'State party'.
B: A party that secures at least 6% of the total votes in an election to the State Assembly and wins at least 2 seats
- This option considers both the percentage of votes secured (at least 6%) and the number of seats won (at least 2). It meets the criteria for being recognized as a 'State party'.
C: A party that wins 4 seats in the Assembly election
- This option only considers the number of seats won and does not take into account the percentage of votes secured. It is not sufficient to be recognized as a 'State party'.
D: None of the above
- This option is incorrect because Option B meets the criteria for being recognized as a 'State party'.
Therefore, Option B is the correct answer as it includes both the requirement of securing at least 6% of the total votes and winning at least 2 seats in the State Assembly election.

There were six national recognised parties in the country in 2006.

- Indian National Congress (INC).
- Bharatiya Janata Party (BJP).
- Bahujan Samaj Party (BSP).
- Communist Party of India - Marxist (CPI-M).
- Communist Party of India (CPI).
- Nationalist Congress Party (NCP).

A is the correct option.INC is popularly known as the Congress Party. One of the oldest parties in the world, founded in 1885. A centrist party (neither leftist nor rightist) in its ideological orientation, the party espouses secularism and welfare of weaker sections and minorities.

When was the BJP founded?
The Bharatiya Janata Party (BJP) was founded on April 6, 1980.
Explanation:
- The BJP was established as a political party in India.
- It was formed through the merger of several right-wing organizations, including the Bharatiya Jana Sangh (BJS).
- The BJS was founded in 1951 by Syama Prasad Mookerjee, who was a prominent leader and advocate for the rights of Hindus.
- The BJS was predominantly active in Northern and Western India.
- In 1977, the BJS along with several other parties formed the Janata Party and participated in the general elections.
- However, the Janata Party faced internal conflicts and eventually split.
- On April 6, 1980, the BJP was officially formed as a separate political party with Atal Bihari Vajpayee as its first President.
- The BJP's ideology is based on Hindutva, which advocates for the preservation of Hindu culture and values.
- Over the years, the BJP has grown in strength and emerged as one of the major political parties in India.
- It has been in power at the center multiple times, with Narendra Modi serving as the Prime Minister since 2014.
Key Points:
- The BJP was founded in 1980.
- It was formed through the merger of several right-wing organizations.
- The party's ideology is based on Hindutva.
- Atal Bihari Vajpayee was the first President of the BJP.
- The party has been in power at the center multiple times, with Narendra Modi as the current Prime Minister.