Test: Preventive Measures - Class 9 MCQ

Open dumping poses significant environmental risks, including facilitating the breeding of disease-carrying insects like mosquitoes and flies. Additionally, it can lead to soil and water contamination, creating broader public health concerns.

Biofertilizers help maintain soil fertility by promoting the growth of beneficial microorganisms, enhancing nutrient uptake, and preventing soil degradation. This contrasts with chemical fertilizers, which can deplete soil health over time.

The use of compressed natural gas (CNG) is preferred over high-sulfur fuels because it significantly reduces sulfur dioxide emissions. This reduction is vital for mitigating acid rain and improving air quality.

Planting nitrogen-fixing plants helps manage agricultural runoff by reducing the need for chemical fertilizers, thus preventing excess nitrates from contaminating water bodies. This sustainable practice enhances soil health while protecting water quality.

Regular maintenance of energy-intensive equipment is essential for reducing pollutant release. Well-maintained machinery operates more efficiently and minimizes emissions, thus contributing to better air quality and environmental compliance.

Chlorination is used in both primary and secondary treatment phases to kill harmful bacteria in wastewater. It’s a crucial step in ensuring that treated water is safe for discharge or reuse.

Source correction methods focus on reducing pollution at its origin, which means addressing the factors that create emissions before they enter the atmosphere. This is crucial for effectively managing air quality and minimizing harmful effects on health and the environment.

An electrostatic precipitator removes fly ash and other particulates from industrial emissions by charging the particles and capturing them on plates. This technology can achieve over 99% efficiency in removing impurities from gases.

Tertiary treatment aims to remove remaining nutrients, such as nitrogen and phosphorus, from treated wastewater. This step is crucial for preventing algal blooms in water bodies when the treated water is reused for irrigation or discharged.

The use of agrochemicals can lead to the contamination of water bodies, particularly through runoff. This can harm aquatic life and disrupt ecosystems, highlighting the importance of careful management and sustainable agricultural practices.

The volume of particulate matter to be handled is a critical consideration when selecting pollution control equipment, as it determines the capacity and type of technology needed to effectively manage air quality.

Floating roof covers in petroleum refineries are designed to minimize hydrocarbon loss by reducing evaporation. This is an essential measure to control air pollution and conserve valuable resources.

Scrubbers are specifically designed to remove water-soluble gases, such as sulfur dioxide and ammonia, from industrial emissions. They work by spraying water that collides with these gases, allowing for effective removal from the air.

Gravitational settling chambers are designed to slow down the flow of polluted gases, allowing heavier particulates to settle to the bottom due to gravity. This method effectively reduces particulate matter in the air.

Incineration can produce fly ash and sulfur dioxide, contributing to air pollution. While it effectively reduces the volume of waste, it requires air pollution control devices to mitigate harmful emissions, making it a more complex and costly option.